TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) also known as RING finger protein 83 (RNF83) is a

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF4''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...

. TRAF4 is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family, a family of

scaffold protein In biology, scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signalling pathways. Although scaffolds are not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signalling pathway, tethering them i ...

s. TRAF proteins connect

IL-1R Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) is a cytokine receptor which binds interleukin 1. Two forms of the receptor exist. The type I receptor is primarily responsible for transmitting the inflammatory effects of interleukin-1 (IL-1) while type II ...

/Toll and

TNF receptors Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, cachexin, or cachectin; formerly known as tumor necrosis factor alpha or TNF-α) is an adipokine and a cytokine. TNF is a member of the TNF superfamily, which consists of various transmembrane proteins with a homologo ...

with signaling factors that lead to the activation of

NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular ...

and

mitogen-activated protein kinase A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of protein kinase that is specific to the amino acids serine and threonine (i.e., a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase). MAPKs are involved in directing cellular responses ...

s. However, TRAF4 is not known to interact with TNF receptors and its cellular functions are not well understood.

Protein interactions

TRAF4 has been shown to interact with

neurotrophin receptor Neurotrophic factor receptors or neurotrophin receptors are a group of growth factor receptors which specifically bind to neurotrophins (neurotrophic factors). Two classes of neurotrophic factor receptors are the p75 and the "Trk" families of Tyr ...

p75 P75 may refer to: * Boulton Paul P.75 Overstrand, a British bomber aircraft * BRM P75, a Formula One engine * FB P-75, a pistol * Fisher P-75 Eagle, an American fighter aircraft design * IBM PS/2 P75, a portable computer * , a corvette of the ...

(NTR/NTSR1), and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to

p47phox Neutrophil cytosol factor 1, also known as p47phox, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NCF1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a 47 kDa cytosolic subunit of neutrophil NADPH oxidase. This oxidase is a multicompone ...

, a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as NAD(P)H oxidase. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of

MAPK8 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (also known as JNK1) is a ubiquitous enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK8'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAP kinase and c-Jun ...

/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined. A recent report indicates that TRAF4 binds to NOD-Like Receptors NOD1 and NOD2, and specifically inhibits activation of

by the activated NOD2-RIP2 complex

Protein interactions

References

Further reading