synthetic environment A synthetic environment is a computer simulation that represents activities at a high level of realism, from simulation of theaters of war to factories and manufacturing processes. These environments may be created within a single computer or a vast ...
, Synthetic Psychological Environment (SPE) (or rules of behavior) refers to the representation (i.e.
modeling
A model is an informative representation of an object, person or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin ''modulus'', a measure.
Models c ...
) of influences to individuals and groups as a result of
culture
Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tyl ...
(e.g.
demography
Demography () is the statistics, statistical study of populations, especially human beings.
Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and Population dynamics, dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups ...
,
law
Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...
,
religion
Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, ...
)).
Synonyms
SPE is known by many names including:
* Cultural factors
* Cultural modeling
* Human Terrain
* Non-kinetic Effects
* Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, and Infrastructure (PMESII)McLarney, Ed, Everson, Paul, Snyder, Dan, Wilson, Matt, "Modeling Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, and Infrastructure (PMESII) Factors to Support Strategic Education", 11 June 200 /ref>
Models
A few models that represent aspects of SPE are:
* Joint Non-Kinetic Effects Model (JNEM)
* Simulation of Cultural Identities for Prediction of Reactions (SCIPR)
* Minerva Model (i.e. from Minerva Project)Weinberger, Sharon, "Pentagon’s Project Minerva Sparks New Anthro Concerns", 1 May 200 /ref>
* Integrated Gaming System (IGS)
*
Human Terrain System
The Human Terrain System (HTS) was a United States Army, Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) support program employing personnel from the social science disciplines – such as anthropology, sociology, political science, regional studies, and ...
*
Human Terrain Team
The Human Terrain System (HTS) was a United States Army, Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) support program employing personnel from the social science disciplines – such as anthropology, sociology, political science, regional studies, and ...
*
Modeling and simulation
Modeling and simulation (M&S) is the use of models (e.g., physical, mathematical, or logical representation of a system, entity, phenomenon, or process) as a basis for simulations to develop data utilized for managerial or technical decision makin ...