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''Screw'' is a
pornographic Pornography (often shortened to porn or porno) is the portrayal of sexual subject matter for the exclusive purpose of sexual arousal. Primarily intended for adults,
online magazine An online magazine is a magazine published on the Internet, through bulletin board systems and other forms of public computer networks. One of the first magazines to convert from a print magazine format to being online only was the computer magaz ...
published in the United States aimed at
heterosexual Heterosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between people of the opposite sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, heterosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to ...
men; it was originally published as a weekly
tabloid newspaper A tabloid is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet. There is no standard size for this newspaper format. Etymology The word ''tabloid'' comes from the name given by the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs We ...
. The publication, which was described as "raunchy, obnoxious, usually disgusting, and sometimes political," was a pioneer in bringing hardcore pornography into the American mainstream during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Founder
Al Goldstein Alvin "Al" Goldstein (January 10, 1936December 19, 2013) was an American pornographer. He is known for helping normalize hardcore pornography in the United States. Background Goldstein was born in Williamsburg, Brooklyn to a Jewish family. He ...
won a series of nationally significant court cases addressing
obscenity An obscenity is any utterance or act that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time. It is derived from the Latin ''obscēnus'', ''obscaenus'', "boding ill; disgusting; indecent", of uncertain etymology. Such loaded language can be use ...
. At its peak, ''Screw'' sold 140,000 copies a week.


Publication history

In November 1968 in New York, Al Goldstein and his partner Jim Buckley, investing $175 each, founded ''Screw'' as a weekly
underground newspaper The terms underground press or clandestine press refer to periodicals and publications that are produced without official approval, illegally or against the wishes of a dominant (governmental, religious, or institutional) group. In specific rec ...
. An an initial price of 25¢, a statement on the cover offered " Jerk-Off Entertainment for Men". Beginning in 1969, ''Screw'' co-founder Jim Buckley founded ''Screw'''s short-lived "sister" tabloid ''Gay'', edited by ''Screw'' columnists Jack Nichols and
Lige Clarke Elijah Hadyn "Lige" Clarke (February 22, 1942 − February 10, 1975) was an American LGBT activist, journalist and author. He was the author of two books with his lover, Jack Nichols. Early life Clarke was born on February 22, 1942 in Cave Branc ...
. (''Gay'' continued until 1975, when Clarke was murdered just north of
Veracruz Veracruz (), formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave), is one of the 31 states which, along with Me ...
, Mexico.) Goldstein tried, unsuccessfully, to expand ''Screw'''s reach beyond New York City. In 1976-1977 ''National Screw'' was published, only lasting nine issues. The June 1977 issue of the magazine contained, according to its cover, a new story by
William Burroughs William Seward Burroughs II (; February 5, 1914 – August 2, 1997) was an American writer and visual artist, widely considered a primary figure of the Beat Generation and a major postmodern author who influenced popular cultur ...
and an interview with
Allen Ginsberg Irwin Allen Ginsberg (; June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet and writer. As a student at Columbia University in the 1940s, he began friendships with William S. Burroughs and Jack Kerouac, forming the core of the Beat Gener ...
. Other issues contained original adult
comic strip A comic strip is a sequence of drawings, often cartoons, arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. Traditionally, throughout the 20th and into the 21st ...
work from cartooning legends
Wally Wood Wallace Allan Wood (June 17, 1927 – November 2, 1981) was an American comic book writer, artist and independent publisher, widely known for his work on EC Comics's titles such as ''Weird Science (comic), Weird Science'', ''Weird Fantasy'', an ...
and
Will Eisner William Erwin Eisner (March 6, 1917 – January 3, 2005) was an American cartoonist, writer, and entrepreneur. He was one of the earliest cartoonists to work in the American comic book industry, and his series ''The Spirit'' (1940–1952) was no ...
. In 1979-1980, Goldstein's company, Milky Way Productions, published ''Screw West'' out of an office in
Hollywood, California Hollywood is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. Its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the U.S. film industry and the people associated with it. Many notable film studios, such as Columbia Pictures, ...
. According to an advertisement, it was intended to answer such questions as, "Where can I get laid in San Francisco? What's the best swinger's club in Los Angeles? How do I find all those out-of-the-way Pacific Coast nude beaches? And what are those bawdy brothels outside Las Vegas really like?" ''Screw West'' is known to have published 54 issues. One of Goldstein's best friends was
Larry Flynt Larry Claxton Flynt Jr. (; November 1, 1942 – February 10, 2021) was an American publisher and the president of Larry Flynt Publications (LFP). LFP mainly produces pornographic magazines, such as ''Hustler'', pornographic videos, and three por ...
, publisher of ''
Hustler Hustler or hustlers may also refer to: Professions * Hustler, an American slang word, e.g., for a: ** Con man, a practitioner of confidence tricks ** Drug dealer, seller of illegal drugs ** Male prostitute ** Pimp ** Business man, more gener ...
'' magazine, founded seven years after ''Screw''. Goldstein claimed that ''Hustler'' stole its format from ''Screw'', but that he was not angry. According to Goldstein, Flynt succeeded in creating a national publication, at which he had failed. ''Screw'' folded in 2003, unable to make payroll; only 600 copies were sold of the last issue. Goldstein's Milky Way Productions, which published ''Screw'' and ''Midnight Blue'', entered bankruptcy in 2004, having lost sales and subscribers as a result of the proliferation of internet pornography, abetted by Goldstein's financial mismanagement.


2004 relaunch

In 2004 ''Screw'' periodical was restarted by former employees led by Kevin Hein, with writer
Mike Edison Mike Edison is a New York-based writer, editor, musician, social critic, and spoken word artist. He was one of many publishers/editors of the marijuana counterculture magazine ''High Times'', and was later named editor-in-chief of ''Screw'', th ...
coming onboard as the new editor. (Edison had started writing as a freelancer for ''Screw'' almost two decades earlier years before.) In late 2006 Edison announced that he was leaving the editor-in-chief position. Soon after, in 2007, ''Screw'' ceased physical publication as the title neared, but did not reach, its 2,000th issue. (Original founder Al Goldstein died in 2013.)Roku Roku ( ) is a brand of hardware digital media players manufactured by American company Roku, Inc. They offer access to streaming media content from online services. The first Roku model, developed in collaboration with Netflix, was introduced ...
, developed and produced by longtime Goldstein friend and associate Phil Autelitano. On November 4, 2020, the 52nd anniversary of its initial launch, ''Screw'' resumed publishing in digital-only format, published by Autelitano (as "Phil Italiano") and Autelitano Media Group of
Miami Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a East Coast of the United States, coastal metropolis and the County seat, county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade C ...
, Florida.


Contents

''Screw'' featured reviews of
porn movies Pornography (often shortened to porn or porno) is the portrayal of sexual subject matter for the exclusive purpose of sexual arousal. Primarily intended for adults,
,
peep show A peep show or peepshow is a presentation of a live sex show or pornographic film which is viewed through a viewing slot. Several historical media provided voyeuristic entertainment through hidden erotic imagery. Before the development of the ci ...
s, erotic
massage parlors A massage parlor (American English) or massage parlour (Canadian/British English) is a place where massage services are provided for a fee. In the 19th century, the term began to be used in English as a euphemism for a brothel. Context In 189 ...
,
brothel A brothel, bordello, ranch, or whorehouse is a place where people engage in sexual activity with prostitutes. However, for legal or cultural reasons, establishments often describe themselves as massage parlors, bars, strip clubs, body rub par ...
s,
escorts Escort may refer to: Protection *Bodyguard, a security operative who accompanies clients for their personal protection *Police escort, a feature offered by law enforcement agencies to assist in transporting individuals *Safety escort service, a s ...
, and other offerings of the
adult entertainment The sex industry (also called the sex trade) consists of businesses that either directly or indirectly provide sex-related products and services or adult entertainment. The industry includes activities involving direct provision of sex-related ...
industry. Such items were interspersed with sexual news, book reviews of sexual books, and hardcore "gynecological" pictorials. The paper regularly ran, without permission, photos and drawings of celebrities. According to author Will Sloan: Jack Nichols and
Lige Clarke Elijah Hadyn "Lige" Clarke (February 22, 1942 − February 10, 1975) was an American LGBT activist, journalist and author. He was the author of two books with his lover, Jack Nichols. Early life Clarke was born on February 22, 1942 in Cave Branc ...
' column "The Homosexual Citizen," which launched in 1968, was the first
LGBT ' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is a ...
-interest column in a non-LGBT publication. As a result of this column, Nichols and Clarke became known as "The most famous gay couple in America." On May 2, 1969, ''Screw'' published the first reference in print to
J. Edgar Hoover John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an American law enforcement administrator who served as the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He was appointed director of the Bureau of Investigation � ...
's sexuality, entitled "Is J. Edgar Hoover a Fag?" A few issues later, ''Screw'' became the first publication to print the word "
homophobia Homophobia encompasses a range of negative attitude (psychology), attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality or people who are identified or perceived as being lesbian, gay or bisexual. It has been defined as contempt, prejudice, aversion, h ...
" (a term coined by George Weinberg). The word appeared in an article written for the May 23, 1969, issue, in which the word was used to refer to heterosexual men's fear that others might think they are gay. In December 1970, New York City music teacher Pat Bond placed an ad in ''Screw'' that led Bond to connect with Fran Nowve, and for the two of them to form
The Eulenspiegel Society The Eulenspiegel Society, also known as TES, is the first BDSM organization founded in the United States. It was founded in 1971 and based in New York City. History The Eulenspiegel Society was the first BDSM organization founded in the United St ...
, the first
BDSM BDSM is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics. Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged ...
organization founded in the United States. ''Screw''s most successful issue, published in 1973, contained unauthorized photos of Jacqueline Kennedy nude.
Stripper A stripper or exotic dancer is a person whose occupation involves performing striptease in a public adult entertainment venue such as a strip club. At times, a stripper may be hired to perform at a bachelor party or other private event. M ...
and erotic performance artist
Honeysuckle Divine Honeysuckle Divine (born Betty Jane Allsup; January 21, 1938) is a retired American stripper, erotic performance artist, and sexual columnist. Her specialty was inserting and ejecting things from her vagina onstage; when she performed at the Conc ...
wrote a column, "Diary of a Dirty Broad," for ''Screw'' for several years in the mid-1970s. Divine's specialty was inserting objects such as pickles in her vagina, shooting out many of them. She put the pickles in baggies and sold them to patrons. Goldstein said that her act "was unbelievably disgusting, so naturally, we made her our symbol." Divine was the only female associated with ''Screw'' over any period of time; she also appeared in the 1975 production ''SOS: Screw on the Screen''.


Legal battles

In 1974, publishers Goldstein and Buckley were charged with 12 counts of obscenity in a federal court in
Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the ...
. (Goldstein believed that the case began as a result of ''Screw'' May 1969 article, "Is J. Edgar Hoover a Fag?") The case dragged on for three years through two trials and was finally settled when Goldstein agreed to pay a $30,000 fine. In 1977,
Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = "Alabama (state song), Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery, Alabama, Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville, Alabama, Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County, Al ...
governor George Wallace sued ''Screw'' for $5 million for publishing the claim that he had learned to perform sexual acts from reading the magazine. The two parties settled for $12,500, and ''Screw'' agreed to print an apology. In 1978, ''Screw'' set in motion a precedent-setting case that established fair-use protections for publication of registered trademarks in sexually explicit parodies in the United States. Known as
Pillsbury Co. v. Milky Way Productions ''Pillsbury Co. v. Milky Way Productions,'' US No. C78-679A (1981), is a precedent-setting case that established fair-use protections for publication of registered trademarks in sexually explicit parodies in the United States. ''Screw'' magazine, ...
, the case stemmed from an illustration in ''Screw'' depicting a figure resembling the
Pillsbury Dough Boy Poppin' Fresh, more widely known as the Pillsbury Doughboy, is an advertising mascot for the Pillsbury Company, appearing in many of their commercials. Many commercials from 1965 until 2005 (together with some for GEICO between 2009 and 2017) en ...
in various lewd sexual acts, including
fellatio Fellatio (also known as fellation, and in slang as blowjob, BJ, giving head, or sucking off) is an oral sex act involving a person stimulating the penis of another person by using the mouth, throat, or both. Oral stimulation of the scrotu ...
and
sexual intercourse Sexual intercourse (or coitus or copulation) is a sexual activity typically involving the insertion and thrusting of the penis into the vagina for sexual pleasure or reproduction.Sexual intercourse most commonly means penile–vaginal penetrat ...
. The parody also featured Pillsbury's barrelhead trademark and two lines from the refrain of a two-stanza song entitled "The Pillsbury Baking Song." The illustration was published in the February 20, 1978, issue of ''Screw''. The
Pillsbury Company The Pillsbury Company is a Minneapolis, Minnesota-based company that was one of the world's largest producers of grain and other foodstuffs until it was bought by General Mills in 2001. General Mills brands consist of Annie's, Betty Crocker, Nat ...
filed an initial complaint several weeks after the original publication of the cartoon, contending that the manner in which the magazine presented the picture implied that Pillsbury placed it in the magazine as an advertisement. Pillsbury alleged several counts of copyright infringement, federal statutory, common law trademark infringement, violations of the Georgia Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act and of the Georgia "anti-dilution" statute, and several counts of tortious tarnishment of its marks, trade characters, and jingle. The judge presiding in the case issued a temporary injunction against ''Screw'' on April 21, 1978, which the defendant disobeyed. Ultimately, the
United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia The United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia (in case citations, N.D. Ga.) is a United States district court which serves the residents of forty-six counties. These are divided up into four divisions. Appeals from cases ...
held that the pictures were editorial or social commentary and, thus, protected under fair use.


Contributors

Larry Brill and Les Waldstein were the original designers for ''
Screw A screw and a bolt (see '' Differentiation between bolt and screw'' below) are similar types of fastener typically made of metal and characterized by a helical ridge, called a ''male thread'' (external thread). Screws and bolts are used to fa ...
'', having earlier designed ''
Famous Monsters of Filmland ''Famous Monsters of Filmland'' is an American genre-specific film magazine, started in 1958 by publisher James Warren and editor Forrest J Ackerman. ''Famous Monsters of Filmland'' directly inspired the creation of many other similar publica ...
'' and other Jim Warren publications in the late 1960s. Brill and Waldstein later went on to become the publishers of ''
The Monster Times ''The Monster Times'' was a horror film fan magazine created in 1972. Published by The Monster Times Publishing Co., it was intended as a competitor to ''Famous Monsters of Filmland''. Although the main editorial focus of the magazine was horror me ...
''. Steven Heller later served as the paper's art director, before moving on to ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
''. Artist René Moncada became a major contributor to ''Screw'' beginning in the late 1960s, which provided an outlet for the artist's early erotic illustrations, and a forum for his later anti-censorship diatribes. A number of
underground Underground most commonly refers to: * Subterranea (geography), the regions beneath the surface of the Earth Underground may also refer to: Places * The Underground (Boston), a music club in the Allston neighborhood of Boston * The Underground ...
and
alternative Alternative or alternate may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Alternative (''Kamen Rider''), a character in the Japanese TV series ''Kamen Rider Ryuki'' * ''The Alternative'' (film), a 1978 Australian television film * ''The Alternative ...
cartoonists got their start doing illustrations and comics for ''Screw'', including
Bill Griffith William Henry Jackson Griffith (born January 20, 1944) is an American cartoonist who signs his work Bill Griffith and Griffy. He is best known for his surreal daily comic strip '' Zippy''. The catchphrase "Are we having fun yet?" is credited to ...
,
Milton Knight Milton Knight Jr. (May 12, 1962) is an American cartoonist, animator, comic book artist, writer, painter, and storyboard/layout artist. He directed animation for a variety of cartoon series, including ''Cool World'', ''Adventures of Sonic the Hedg ...
,
Leslie Cabarga Zavier Leslie Cabarga (b. 1954 in New York), popularly known as Leslie Cabarga, is an American author, illustrator, cartoonist, animator, font designer, and publication designer. A participant in the underground comix movement in the early 1970 ...
, Drew Friedman,
Tony Millionaire Tony Millionaire (born Scott Richardson in 1956) is an American cartoonist, illustrator and author known for his syndicated comic strip ''Maakies'' and the ''Sock Monkey'' series of comics and picture books. He lives in Yarmouth, Maine at Pleas ...
, Eric Drooker, Kaz,
Danny Hellman Danny Hellman (born August 2, 1964)
. dannyhellman.com. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
is an American
,
Glenn Head Glenn Head (born May 14, 1958 in Madison, New Jersey) is an American cartoonist and comic book editor living in Brooklyn, New York. His cartooning has a strong surrealist bent and is heavily influenced by 1960s underground comix. Much of his wo ...
,
Bob Fingerman Bob Fingerman (born August 25, 1964) is an American comic book writer/artist born in Queens, New York, who is best known for his comic series '' Minimum Wage'' ( Fantagraphics Books). Career In 1984, while still a student at New York City’s S ...
,
Michael Kupperman Michael Kupperman (born April 26, 1966), also known by the pseudonym P. Revess,Spurgeon, Tom"A Short Interview With Michael Kupperman,"The Comics Reporter (August 7, 2005). is an American cartoonist and illustrator. He created the comic strips '' ...
, and
Molly Crabapple Molly Crabapple (born Jennifer Caban; 1983) is an American artist and writer. She is a contributing editor for ''Vice (magazine), VICE'' and has written for a variety of other outlets, as well as publishing books, including an illustrated memoir, ...
.
Spain Rodriguez Manuel Rodriguez (March 2, 1940 – November 28, 2012), better known as Spain or Spain Rodriguez, was an American underground cartoonist who created the character Trashman. His experiences on the road with the motorcycle club, the Road Vultures M ...
contributed cover art to more than a dozen issues of ''Screw'' from 1976 to 1998. In the 1970s and early 1980s,
Paul Kirchner Paul Kirchner (born January 29, 1952) is an American writer and illustrator who has worked in diverse areas, from comic strips and toy design to advertising and editorial art. Early life Paul Kirchner was born in New Haven, Connecticut. He atte ...
did several dozen covers for the publication. " Good girl" artist Bill Ward also did a number of covers for ''Screw''. Writer
Josh Alan Friedman Josh Alan Friedman is an American musician, writer, editor and journalist, who has worked in New York and Dallas. He is known for his 1986 collection ''Tales of Times Square'' and his comics collaborations with his brother, artist Drew Friedman ...
's first published work was for ''Screw'' in the late 1970s. He continued to write for the magazine for several years, eventually holding the position of Senior Editor through 1982. He covered the
Times Square Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment hub, and neighborhood in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is formed by the junction of Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and 42nd Street. Together with adjacent ...
beat for ''Screw'' during a perilous time when few, if any writers, ventured there. He also worked as a producer on ''Screw'''s
cable television Cable television is a system of delivering television programming to consumers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables, or in more recent systems, light pulses through fibre-optic cables. This contrasts with broa ...
show, ''
Midnight Blue Midnight blue is a dark shade of blue named for its resemblance to the apparently blue color of a moonlit night sky around full moon. Midnight blue is identifiably blue to the eye in sunlight or full-spectrum light, but can appear black unde ...
''.
David Aaron Clark David Aaron Clark (September 5, 1960 – November 28, 2009) was an author, musician, pornographic actor, and pornographic video director. Career Switching majors and finally graduating with a degree in journalism in 1986. He served as editor-in-c ...
edited ''Screw'' for five years in the early 1990s.


''Screw'' in other media


Movies and television

In 1973, "''Screw Magazine'' present /nowiki>ed/nowiki>" ''It Happened in Hollywood'', a
pornographic movie Pornographic films (pornos), erotic films, sex films, and 18+ films are films that present sexually explicit subject matter in order to arouse and satisfy the viewer. Pornographic films present sexual fantasies and usually include erotical ...
produced by Jim Buckley. At the Second Annual New York Erotic Film Festival it won awards for Best Picture, Best Female Performance, and Best Supporting Actor. In 1974 Goldstein began ''Screw Magazine of the Air'', soon renamed ''
Midnight Blue Midnight blue is a dark shade of blue named for its resemblance to the apparently blue color of a moonlit night sky around full moon. Midnight blue is identifiably blue to the eye in sunlight or full-spectrum light, but can appear black unde ...
'', a thrice-weekly hour-long adult-oriented
public-access television Public-access television is traditionally a form of non-commercial mass media where the general public can create content television programming which is narrowcast through cable television specialty channels. Public-access television was creat ...
program that ran for nearly 30 years on Manhattan Cable's Channel J. ''SOS: Screw on the Screen'' appearing in 1975, was a stridently unsexy attempt at a cinematic newsmagazine that included a lot of goofy comedy, a gay scene, and several minutes of Goldstein ranting about America's sexual hypocrisy. Also appearing was
Honeysuckle Divine Honeysuckle Divine (born Betty Jane Allsup; January 21, 1938) is a retired American stripper, erotic performance artist, and sexual columnist. Her specialty was inserting and ejecting things from her vagina onstage; when she performed at the Conc ...
(who often appeared in ''Screw'').


The Screw Store

The May 17, 1976, issue ran an ad for the "Screw Store", which offered dildos, including a "Bicentennial Dildo", vibrating
Ben wa Ben Wa balls, also known as orgasm balls, or Venus balls ( "vagina ball", or "internal-use ball"), are small, marble-sized balls, usually hollow and containing a small weight, that roll around and are used for sexual stimulation by insertio ...
eggs, and a vibrating
cock ring A cock ring or cockring (also called a C ring, erection ring, penis ring, shaft ring, tension ring, or Arab strap) is a ring worn around the penis, usually at the base. The primary purpose of wearing a cock ring is to restrict the flow of ...
. Selling dildos brought one of Goldstein's many arrests.Friedman, Josh Alan
"Al Goldstein's Personal Ephemera"
; accessed November 20, 2014.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Screw (magazine) Defunct magazines published in the United States Magazines disestablished in 2003 Magazines established in 1968 Magazines published in New York City Obscenity controversies in literature Pornographic magazines published in the United States Weekly magazines published in the United States