In
grammar
In linguistics, grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers. Grammar rules may concern the use of clauses, phrases, and words. The term may also refer to the study of such rul ...
, the term sublative case (
abbreviated
An abbreviation () is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing per ...
) is used to refer to
grammatical case
A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers (determiners, adjectives, participles, and Numeral (linguistics), numerals) that corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a Nominal group (functional grammar), n ...
s expressing different situations: In Hungarian and Finnish (rarely used),
it expresses the destination of the movement, originally to the surface of something (e.g. sit down on the ground, climb the tree), but in other figurative meanings as well (e.g. to university, for two nights), or into a language, while in Tsez and other
Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or Vainakh-Daghestani, or sometimes Caspian languages (from the Caspian Sea, in contrast to ''Pontic languages'' for the Northwest Caucasian languages), is a langu ...
it denotes a movement towards the bottomsides or the area under an object. The sublative case is used in the
Finnish,
Tsez and
Hungarian languages.
Hungarian
In
Hungarian the suffix "-re" or "-ra" denotes the sublative. It can be used like "onto" but also in more abstract cases for flat areas (cities, airports).
For example:
* ''hajóra'' (onto the boat)
* ''Budapestre megyek'' (I am going to Budapest)
* ''repülőtérre'' (to the airport)
Finnish
Examples in Finnish:
* ''minne'' - where to?
* ''jonne'' - where (relative pronoun)
* ''moniaalle'' - to many places
* ''kaikkialle'' - to everywhere
References
Grammatical cases
{{ling-morph-stub