''Strobilanthes'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of about 350

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Acanthaceae, mostly

native Native may refer to: People * '' Jus sanguinis'', nationality by blood * '' Jus soli'', nationality by location of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Nat ...

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ...

regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated for their two-lipped, hooded flowers in shades of blue, pink, white and purple. Most are frost-tender and require protection in frost-prone areas. The genus is most famed for its many (but not all) species which bloom on long cycles of several years, such as '' Strobilanthes wightii'' which blooms every thirteen years.

Species

''Strobilanthes atropurpurea'' is a temperate species, native to eastern

Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...

; it is cultivated for its purple flowers. ''Strobilanthes dyeriana'' (Persian shield) is a tropical plant native to

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

. It is grown for its dark green foliage with bright, metallic-purple stripes radiating outward from the central leaf vein. In proper conditions, it will also produce pale purple flowers. Persian Shield grows best outdoors in

USDA The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that aims to meet the needs of commerc ...

zones 9 and 10, although it can survive in other zones as a

houseplant A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors. for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in House, homes, Office, offices, and various indoor spaces, w ...

given sufficient temperature, soil moisture and humidity. It has gained the

Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr ...

Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. It includes the full range of cultivated p ...

. ''

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

'' currently includes: * ''

Strobilanthes abbreviata ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' Y.F.Deng & J.R.I.Wood * ''

Strobilanthes accrescens ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated for ...

'' J.R.I.Wood * ''

Strobilanthes adenophora ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated for ...

'' Nees * ''

Strobilanthes adnata ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Acanthaceae, mostly native plant, native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperateness, temperate r ...

'' C.B.Clarke * ''

Strobilanthes adpressa ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' J.R.I.Wood * ''

Strobilanthes afriastiniae ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' J.R.Benn. * ''

Strobilanthes alata ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' Blume * ''

Strobilanthes albostriata ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' Ridl. * ''

Strobilanthes alboviridis ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

'' J.B.Imlay * ''

Strobilanthes alternata ''Strobilanthes alternata'' (synonym ''Hemigraphis alternata''), may be known as red ivy, red-flame ivy, or waffle plant, is a member of the family Acanthaceae native to Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bord ...

Strobilanthes cernua ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

Strobilanthes integrifolia ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated for ...

'' (Dalzell) Kuntze ** also '' Strobilanthes integrifolius'' * '' Strobilanthes involucrata'' Blume * '' Strobilanthes ixiocephala'' Benth. * '' Strobilanthes japonica'' (Thunb.) Miq. * '' Strobilanthes jennyae'' J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes jeyporensis'' Bedd. * '' Strobilanthes jogensis'' Gilli * '' Strobilanthes jomyi'' P.Biju, Josekutty, Rekha & J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes kachinensis'' J.R.I.Wood & J.R.Benn. * '' Strobilanthes kannanii'' Josekutty, P.Biju, J.R.I.Wood & Augustine * '' Strobilanthes karensium'' Kurz * '' Strobilanthes khasyana'' T.Anderson * '' Strobilanthes khoshooana'' (S.R.Paul) Karthik. & Moorthy * '' Strobilanthes kingdonii'' J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes kjellbergii'' J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes klossii'' (S.Moore) Y.F.Deng * '' Strobilanthes koordersii'' C.B.Clarke ex Koord. * '' Strobilanthes korthalsii'' (Bremek.) J.R.I.Wood * ''

Strobilanthes kunthiana ''Strobilanthes kunthiana'', known as Kurinji or Neelakurinji in Tamil language and Malayalam and Gurige in Kannada, is a shrub of the bear's breeches family (Acanthaceae) that is found in the shola forests of the Western Ghats in Kerala, Kar ...

Strobilanthes lupulina ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated for ...

Strobilanthes moschifera ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Acanthaceae, mostly native plant, native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperateness, temperate r ...

Strobilanthes nemorosa ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Acanthaceae, mostly native plant, native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperateness, temperate r ...

'' Benoist * '' Strobilanthes neoaspera'' Venu & P.Daniel * '' Strobilanthes newii'' Bedd. ex C.B.Clarke * ''

Strobilanthes nigrescens ''Strobilanthes'' is a genus of about 350 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, mostly native to tropical Asia and Madagascar, but with a few species extending north into temperate regions of Asia. Many species are cultivated fo ...

Strobilanthes wallichii ''Strobilanthes wallichii'', commonly known as Kashmir acanthus, hardy Persian shield, wild petunia, or kandali, is a herbaceous perennial which is native to the Himalayas. In its natural habitat, it purple blooms appear only once every twelve y ...

'' Nees * '' Strobilanthes wangiana'' Y.F.Deng & J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes warburgii'' Terao ex J.R.Benn. * '' Strobilanthes wardiana'' J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes wightiana'' Nees * '' Strobilanthes wightii'' (Bremek.) J.R.I.Wood * '' Strobilanthes willisii'' Carine * '' Strobilanthes wilsonii'' J.R.I.Wood & Y.F.Deng * '' Strobilanthes winckelii'' (Bremek.) J.R.Benn. * '' Strobilanthes xanthosticta'' C.B.Clarke * '' Strobilanthes yunnanensis'' Diels * '' Strobilanthes zenkeriana'' (Nees) T.Anderson * '' Strobilanthes zeylanica'' T.Anderson * '' Strobilanthes zwickeyae'' (Moylan) Y.F.Deng

Herbivory

''Strobilanthes'' species are food plants for the

larva A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...

species including '' Endoclita malabaracus'', which has been recorded on ''S. callosa''.

References

eFloras search results: ''Strobilanthes''

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q2473702 Acanthaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Blume Lamiales of Asia