Steven Jude Hoffenberg (January 12, 1945 – August 2022)
was an American businessman and fraudster. He was the founder, CEO, president, and chairman of
Towers Financial Corporation
Towers Financial Corporation was a debt collection agency based in Manhattan.Allan Sloan (February 16, 1993)"THE SEC VS. STEVEN HOFFENBERG: A CASE OF LEANING FORTUNES AT TOWERS FINANCIAL?,"''The Washington Post''. Between 1988 and 1993, Towers Fin ...
, a
debt collection
Debt collection is the process of pursuing payments of debts owed by individuals or businesses. An organization that specializes in debt collection is known as a collection agency or debt collector. Most collection agencies operate as agents of ...
agency, which was later discovered to be a
Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (, ) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian businessman Charles Ponzi, the scheme leads victims to believe that profits are comi ...
.
In 1993, he rescued the ''
New York Post
The ''New York Post'' (''NY Post'') is a conservative daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City. The ''Post'' also operates NYPost.com, the celebrity gossip site PageSix.com, and the entertainment site Decider.com.
It was established ...
'' from bankruptcy, and briefly owned the paper. Towers Financial collapsed in 1993, and in 1995 Hoffenberg pleaded guilty to bilking investors out of $475 million. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison (serving 18 years), plus a $1 million fine and $463 million in restitution. The
U.S. SEC
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government, created in the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The primary purpose of the SEC is to enforce the law against market ...
considered his financial crimes to be "one of the largest Ponzi schemes in history".
Early life and career
Hoffenberg was born in
Brooklyn, New York
Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, behi ...
to a Jewish family on January 12, 1945, along with a twin brother, Martin.
Hoffenberg owned the ''
New York Post
The ''New York Post'' (''NY Post'') is a conservative daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City. The ''Post'' also operates NYPost.com, the celebrity gossip site PageSix.com, and the entertainment site Decider.com.
It was established ...
'' from January to March 1993. The Towers Ponzi scheme quickly imploded, ending his tenure, which had seen mass layoffs, a mass walkout on the part of the paper's staff, and missed publications.
In 1971 Hoffensberg pleaded guilty to attempted second-degree larceny for trying a steal a diamond in New York. Despite initially denying reports he had indicating his involvement but a his trial he admitted he was once "involved in a theft".
Towers financial corporation
In the early 1970s, Hoffenberg founded Towers Financial Corporation, a New York City
debt collection
Debt collection is the process of pursuing payments of debts owed by individuals or businesses. An organization that specializes in debt collection is known as a collection agency or debt collector. Most collection agencies operate as agents of ...
agency that was supposed to buy debts that people owed to hospitals, banks, and phone companies. He was its Chief Executive Officer, President, and Chairman.
It was later discovered to be a
Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (, ) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian businessman Charles Ponzi, the scheme leads victims to believe that profits are comi ...
.
In February the
Securities and Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government, created in the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The primary purpose of the SEC is to enforce the law against mark ...
began a civil action against him and others, and in March 1993 Towers Financial filed for bankruptcy.
In April 1995 Hoffenberg pleaded guilty to bilking investors out of $475 million.
The SEC considered his financial crimes as "one of the largest
Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (, ) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian businessman Charles Ponzi, the scheme leads victims to believe that profits are comi ...
s in history" at the time.
Prison sentence
In 1997, Judge
Robert W. Sweet
Robert Workman Sweet (October 15, 1922 – March 24, 2019) was an American jurist and United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Education and career
Sweet was born on October 15, 1922 ...
sentenced Hoffenberg to 20 years in prison. He spent 18 years at several prisons, including
FCI Fort Dix
The Federal Correctional Institution, Fort Dix (FCI Fort Dix) is a low-security United States federal prison for male offenders in New Jersey. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons. A satellite prison camp houses minimum-security male i ...
(
Fort Dix, New Jersey
Fort Dix, the common name for the Army Support Activity (ASA) located at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, is a United States Army post. It is located south-southeast of Trenton, New Jersey. Fort Dix is under the jurisdiction of the Air Force ...
) and the
Federal Medical Center, Devens
The Federal Medical Center, Devens (FMC Devens) is a United States federal prison in Massachusetts for male inmates requiring specialized or long-term medical or mental health care. It is designated as an administrative facility, which means it ha ...
(in
Devens, Massachusetts
Devens is a regional enterprise zone and census-designated place in the towns of Ayer and Shirley (in Middlesex County) and Harvard (in Worcester County) in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It is the successor to Fort Devens, a military post t ...
), plus a $1 million fine and $463 million in restitution. Per the
U.S. Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the Department of Justice that is responsible for the care, custody, and control of incarcerated individuals who have committed federal crimes; that i ...
, he was released in October 2013.
He settled a civil suit with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government, created in the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The primary purpose of the SEC is to enforce the law against market ...
for $60 million.
Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein
In 1987, he met
Jeffrey Epstein
Jeffrey Edward Epstein ( ; January 20, 1953August 10, 2019) was an American sex offender and financier. Epstein, who was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, began his professional life by teaching at the Dalton School in Manhattan, de ...
through a British defense contractor named Douglas Leese (died 2011), who Hoffenberg claimed was an
arms dealer
The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology. It consists of a commercial industry involved in the research and development, engineering, production, and se ...
. Leese was, with Saudi
Adnan Khashoggi
Adnan Khashoggi ( ar, عدنان خاشقجي, ‘Adnān Khāshuqjī; 25 July 1935 – 6 June 2017) was a Saudi businessman and arms dealer known for his lavish business deals and lifestyle. He was estimated to have had a peak net worth of ...
and Prince
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud (born 2 March 1949) is a retired Saudi Arabian diplomat, military officer, and government official who served as Saudi Arabia's ambassador to the United States from 1983 to 2005. He is a member of the House of Saud. From ...
, architect in the billion dollar
Al-Yamamah arms deal
Al Yamamah ( ar, اليمامة, translation=The Dove) is the name of a series of record arms sales by the United Kingdom to Saudi Arabia, paid for by the delivery of up to of crude oil per day to the British government. The prime contracto ...
, Britain's biggest arms deal ever concluded – earning the prime contractor,
BAE Systems, at least GBP 43 billion in revenue between 1985 and 2007. Leese told Hoffenberg about Epstein: "The guy's a genius, he's great at selling securities. And he has no moral compass." Hoffenberg hired Epstein about 1987 and 1993 to help with the Towers Financial Corporation, paid him $25,000 a month and gave him a $2 million loan in 1988 that Epstein would never have to pay back.
[Marc Fisher, Jonathan O'Connell]
"Final evasion: For 30 years, prosecutors and victims tried to hold Jeffrey Epstein to account. At every turn, he slipped away"
, ''The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large n ...
'', August 10, 2019
Hoffenberg set Epstein up in offices in the
Villard Houses
The Villard Houses are a set of former residences comprising a historic landmark at 451–457 Madison Avenue between 50th and 51st Streets in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Designed by the architect Joseph Morrill Wells ...
.
They unsuccessfully tried to take over
Pan Am
Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was an American airline that was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United State ...
in a
corporate raid
In business, a corporate raid is the process of buying a large stake in a corporation and then using shareholder voting rights to require the company to undertake novel measures designed to increase the share value, generally in opposition to the ...
with Towers Financial as their raiding vessel. Their bid failed, in part because of the 1988
terrorist
Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
bombing
A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechan ...
of
Pan Am Flight 103
Pan Am Flight 103 was a regularly scheduled Pan American World Airways, Pan Am transatlantic flight from Frankfurt to Detroit via a stopover in London and another in New York City. The transatlantic leg of the route was operated by ''Clipper M ...
over
Lockerbie, which ultimately contributed to the airline's bankruptcy. A similar unsuccessful bid in 1988 was made to take over
Emery Air Freight Corp.
During this period, Hoffenberg and Epstein worked closely together and traveled everywhere on Hoffenberg's private jet.
Hoffenberg began using Towers Financial funds to pay off earlier investors and pay for a lavish lifestyle that included a
Locust Valley, New York
Locust Valley is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 3,406 at the 2010 census.
History
The rolling h ...
,
Long Island mansion, as well as homes on
Sutton Place (in
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the List of co ...
) and in Florida, and a number of cars and planes.
In court documents, Hoffenberg claimed that Epstein was intimately involved in the Ponzi scheme. Epstein left Towers Financial before it collapsed and was never charged for being involved with the massive
investor fraud committed.
In 2016, Hoffenberg and some of his victims sued Epstein, seeking restitution. He asserted in court that Epstein had been intimately involved in Tower's financial practices and called Epstein the "architect of the scam".
In July 2019, following Epstein's arrest on charges of sex trafficking of minors and conspiracy to commit sex trafficking, Hoffenberg again claimed that Epstein was his "uncharged co-conspirator" in the Ponzi scheme. Former Towers investors made similar allegations in a lawsuit filed in August 2018. The lawsuit also alleged that the millions in stolen investments were the seed capital for Epstein's hedge fund, which it valued at $50 billion.
Personal life and death
On July 10, 2014, he married ''Post All Star News'' president, Maria Santiago, after a one month romance. The ceremony was held in front of
Trump Tower
Trump Tower is a 58-story, mixed-use skyscraper at 721–725 Fifth Avenue in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City, between East 56th and 57th Streets. The building contains the headquarters for the Trump Organization, as well ...
in Manhattan.
He was married twice before, and had a daughter.
[
Hoffenberg was found dead at his apartment in ]Derby, Connecticut
Derby is a city in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, approximately 8 miles west-northwest of New Haven. It is located in southwest Connecticut at the confluence of the Housatonic and Naugatuck Rivers. It borders the cities of Anson ...
, on August 23, 2022, at the age of 77. Epstein accuser Maria Farmer
Maria K. Farmer (born 1969) is an American visual artist known for providing the first criminal complaint to law enforcement, to the New York City Police Department and to the FBI, in 1996 about the conduct of financier and convicted sex offender ...
said she called police to check in on Hoffenberg after she failed to reach him over the phone during the preceding week. His body was in an advanced state of decomposition, and a Derby police officer estimated that he had been dead for roughly a week by the time his remains were found.[ An initial autopsy found no evidence of trauma on his body and police said they believe he died of natural causes. He had tested positive for ]COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickl ...
not long before his death.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoffenberg, Steven
1945 births
2022 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American criminals
American businesspeople convicted of crimes
American chief executives of financial services companies
American confidence tricksters
American Jews
American prisoners and detainees
American twins
Businesspeople from Brooklyn
Criminals from New York City
New York Post people
Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government
Pyramid and Ponzi schemes