St Mary's Church, Barton Bendish
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St Mary's Church is a
redundant Redundancy or redundant may refer to: Language * Redundancy (linguistics), information that is expressed more than once Engineering and computer science * Data redundancy, database systems which have a field that is repeated in two or more table ...
medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...
Anglican Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christianity, Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the ...
church in the village of
Barton Bendish Barton Bendish is a civil parish and small village in the English county of Norfolk south of King's Lynn and northeast of London.Ordnance Survey (1999). ''OS Explorer Map 236 – King's Lynn, Downham Market & Swaffham''. . It has two medieval ...
,
Norfolk Norfolk ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in England, located in East Anglia and officially part of the East of England region. It borders Lincolnshire and The Wash to the north-west, the North Sea to the north and eas ...
, England. This village had two more
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...
churches –
St Andrew's Church St. Andrew's Church, Church of St Andrew, or variants thereof, may refer to: Albania * St. Andrew's Church, Himarë Australia Australian Capital Territory * St Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Canberra, founded by John Walker (Presbyterian minis ...
, and All Saints' Church (demolished). St Mary's is recorded in the
National Heritage List for England The National Heritage List for England (NHLE) is England's official database of protected heritage assets. It includes details of all English listed buildings, scheduled monuments, register of historic parks and gardens, protected shipwrecks, ...
as a designated Grade I
listed building In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Hi ...
, and is under the care of the
Churches Conservation Trust The Churches Conservation Trust is a registered charity whose purpose is to protect historic churches at risk in England. The charity cares for over 350 churches of architectural, cultural and historic significance, which have been transferred in ...
. The architectural historian
Nikolaus Pevsner Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner (30 January 1902 – 18 August 1983) was a German-British art historian and architectural historian best known for his monumental 46-volume series of county-by-county guides, ''The Buildings of England'' (195 ...
was of the opinion that its west door is "one of the best
Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 9th and 10th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norma ...
doorways in England". The church stands in an isolated position to the west of the village.


History


Saxons

Archaeological surveys through fieldwalking have shown that Middle and Late Saxon settlement was concentrated around the site of the church. The scholarly consensus has been that all three of the village's churches had Late Saxon foundations, although only two are mentioned in the
Domesday Book Domesday Book ( ; the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book") is a manuscript record of the Great Survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 at the behest of William the Conqueror. The manuscript was originally known by ...
survey of 1086 -it is uncertain as to which church is missing, or why. In 1979 a soakaway ditch was dug around the church, which yielded many sherds of Late Saxon pottery but no evidence of any Saxon church building. These sherds were probably domestic refuse.Rogerson et al: Three Norman Churches in Norfolk, East Anglian Archaeology 1987 p. 63


Medieval

The present church fabric dates from the 14th century. The archaeological survey by Rogerson et al. in 1987 concluded that the
chancel In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the Choir (architecture), choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may termi ...
, with its very fine Decorated Gothic east window, was built first, c. 1340. This would have abutted a putative earlier
nave The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...
for which no evidence has survived. Subsequently, this old nave and part of the new chancel were demolished for a matching nave, c. 1370. This was noted as being both inferior in construction and in design to the chancel –"oafishly ill-proportioned" and "preposterously provincial". The present south door replaced a former window, so measuring to accommodate an original south door gives an approximate original length of the nave at 14.2 metres (46.6 feet). The present nave is about 7.3 metres (24 feet) long.Rogerson et al: Three Norman Churches in Norfolk, East Anglian Archaeology 1987 p. 61 There was a south porch, and a wall of this was found in the 1979 drainage works. The church formerly had a tower, and a bequest for bells left by the
Lord of the Manor Lord of the manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England and Norman England, referred to the landholder of a historical rural estate. The titles date to the English Feudalism, feudal (specifically English feudal barony, baronial) system. The ...
in 1421 indicates that it was newly built then and so would have been in the
Perpendicular style Perpendicular Gothic (also Perpendicular, Rectilinear, or Third Pointed) architecture was the third and final style of English Gothic architecture developed in the Kingdom of England during the Late Middle Ages, typified by large windows, four-ce ...
. This would have made the church very similar to
St Andrew's Church St. Andrew's Church, Church of St Andrew, or variants thereof, may refer to: Albania * St. Andrew's Church, Himarë Australia Australian Capital Territory * St Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Canberra, founded by John Walker (Presbyterian minis ...
. (The village's manor house of Barton Hall still stands just north of St Mary's.) At about the same time a north
vestry A vestry was a committee for the local secular and ecclesiastical government of a parish in England, Wales and some English colony, English colonies. At their height, the vestries were the only form of local government in many places and spen ...
was apparently built, because the surviving ornate chancel door leading to it has a portrait bust of a lady with a hairstyle of the early 15th century. Also, there was some remodelling because the south chancel wall has a Perpendicular window of later date. The Reformation had little impact here, apart from the usual vandalism of interior fixtures and fittings such as the
rood screen The rood screen (also choir screen, chancel screen, or jubé) is a common feature in late medieval church architecture. It is typically an ornate partition between the chancel and nave, of more or less open tracery constructed of wood, stone, o ...
. A note dated 1731, which was probably originally in the papers of the antiquarian
Francis Blomefield Rev. Francis Blomefield (23 July 170516 January 1752), FSA, Rector of Fersfield in Norfolk, was an English antiquarian who wrote a county history of Norfolk: ''An Essay Towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk''. It includes ...
, indicates that rood stairs were still extant then. . Unusually for multi-church Norfolk villages, the Reformation was not made the excuse to "rationalise" and all three parish churches survived -unlike neighbouring Beachamwell for example, where one of the three there did not.


18th century

The tower failed catastrophically in 1710, and destroyed the west half of the nave in its fall. The south porch survived. The 1731 note referred to above describes the stump of the tower surviving to a height of a foot (30 cm), the south porch as being "small and tiled" and the north vestry as derelict. According to a note in the parish register made by Forby, the rector responsible for the 1789 restoration, the porch was functioning as a vestry instead. This would have entailed blocking up the doorway and re-hanging the door in the portal (or vice versa), thus creating a stand-alone building. According to a comment written by Blomefield, the western void left by the ruin was filled by a temporary wall created by setting the rubble in cob. This would have meant that the only entrance to the church was via the narrow priest's door in the south chancel wall. In the Eighties of this century the noted philologist, botanist and clergyman Robert Forby was resident in the village. As clergyman he held the benefices of
Horningtoft Horningtoft is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. Horningtoft is located north of Dereham and north-west of Norwich. History Horningtoft's name is of Anglo-Saxon origin and derives from the Old English for the cur ...
and Barton Bendish St Mary's, and arranged the proper restoration of the latter church in 1788-89. He subsequently became rector of
Fincham Fincham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. Fincham is located south of King's Lynn and west of Norwich. History Fincham's name is of Anglo-Saxon origin and derives from the Old English for a homestead or settlem ...
, where his name is better known. In 1787 the parishes of All Saints and St Mary at Barton Bendish were united as one benefice, allowing for the disposal of one of the two churches. It was decided to demolish All Saints in 1788, to use some of its materials in the repair of St Mary's and sell the rest to raise money for the restoration, which was overseen by Forby. During this process a 12th-century doorway was salvaged in toto, moved from All Saints and set in the new west wall at St Mary's. As well as a proper west wall and processional entrance, a new south doorway was inserted and the derelict north vestry demolished. The remains of the tower were cleared away, and apparently the vestiges of the rood stair were removed too. On top of the new west gable was put an attractive little octagonal bell-turret with a
ogee An ogee ( ) is an object, element, or curve—often seen in architecture and building trades—that has a serpentine- or extended S-shape (Sigmoid curve, sigmoid). Ogees consist of a "double curve", the combination of two semicircle, semicircula ...
cap, vaguely
Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
. The chancel roof was left in thatch, but the nave roof was apparently re-done in
pantile A pantile is a type of fired roof tile, normally made from clay. It is S-shaped in profile and is single lap, meaning that the end of the tile laps only the course immediately below. Flat tiles normally lap two courses. A pantile-covered roo ...
s. The floor was re-laid in brick, and
box pew A box pew is a type of church pew that is encased in panelling and was prevalent in England and other Protestant countries from the 16th to early 19th centuries. History in England Before the rise of Protestantism, seating was not customary in c ...
s provided. The new external appearance of the church was recorded in an extant engraving (q.v.). The restoration cost £80 (2022: £12 852) and the sale of All Saints' salvage (including its bells) fetched £56.755, so the balance had to come out of Forby's own pocket.


19th century

There were further restorations in 1858, 1865 and 1871. In 1858, the upper part of the west wall was rebuilt and a two-light window inserted. In 1865, the interior was re-ordered and the box pews cut down. In 1871, the bell-turret was replaced by a
bellcote A bellcote, bell-cote or bell-cot is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells. Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from ...
.Pevsner and Wilson: Buildings of England, Norfolk Vol.2 pt. 2 2002 p. 195 Either then or subsequently the tiled and thatched roofs were re-done in slate, and this was first noted in 1903. The demolished north vestry was rebuilt, and the old south porch vestry demolished in lieu.


Redundancy

The church was last used for regular worship in 1967, and was formally made
redundant Redundancy or redundant may refer to: Language * Redundancy (linguistics), information that is expressed more than once Engineering and computer science * Data redundancy, database systems which have a field that is repeated in two or more table ...
in 1974. Fortunately it was vested in what is now the
Churches Conservation Trust The Churches Conservation Trust is a registered charity whose purpose is to protect historic churches at risk in England. The charity cares for over 350 churches of architectural, cultural and historic significance, which have been transferred in ...
, which oversaw the latest restoration in 1976. Surprisingly this had a romantic element, because the slate roofs were replaced by thatch (including for the Victorian vestry) instead of being repaired. The nave roof had not been under thatch since 1789. Since then, the church has been kept open for visitors and occasional liturgical services are held.


Architecture


Exterior


Plan and fabric

The plan is simple, consisting of a
nave The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...
and a narrower
chancel In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the Choir (architecture), choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may termi ...
with a north
vestry A vestry was a committee for the local secular and ecclesiastical government of a parish in England, Wales and some English colony, English colonies. At their height, the vestries were the only form of local government in many places and spen ...
abutting the latter. The chancel and nave are not perfectly aligned, with the former inclining slightly to the right. The walls are constructed in small, roughly coursed
flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Historically, flint was widely used to make stone tools and start ...
s with some brick and
carrstone Carrstone (or carstone, also known as Silsoe, heathstone, ironstone or gingerbread) is a sedimentary sandstone conglomerate formed during the Cretaceous period. It varies in colour from light to dark rusty ginger. Used as a building stone it can be ...
admixture, and the wall surfaces used to be rendered. Much of this survives, and that on the east wall and the eastern part of the north wall was freshly applied in 1976. Architectural details are in limestone, including
quoin Quoins ( or ) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, ...
s and the capping stones of the foundation
plinth A pedestal or plinth is a support at the bottom of a statue, vase, column, or certain altars. Smaller pedestals, especially if round in shape, may be called socles. In civil engineering, it is also called ''basement''. The minimum height o ...
. The roofs are
thatched Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge ('' Cladium mariscus''), rushes, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. Since the bulk of ...
, with the pitch of the nave one being steeper which helps to disguise the oddity that the nave walls are lower than the chancel ones.


West wall and doorway

The west wall has its rendered lower courses dating from 1789 and the upper, rough flint ones from 1858 which is also the date of the two-light window in the
Early English style English Gothic is an architectural style that flourished from the late 12th until the mid-17th century. The style was most prominently used in the construction of cathedrals and churches. Gothic architecture's defining features are pointed a ...
. This has a circular eyelet. The 1789 work seems to be in salvaged limestone
ashlar Ashlar () is a cut and dressed rock (geology), stone, worked using a chisel to achieve a specific form, typically rectangular in shape. The term can also refer to a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, a ...
, and has a high plinth with roll- moulded capping stones. Three courses of brick separate the wall zones. On the west
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
is a
bellcote A bellcote, bell-cote or bell-cot is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells. Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from ...
of 1871 with a
wheel cross A sun cross, solar cross, or wheel cross is a solar symbol consisting of an equilateral cross inside a circle. The design is frequently found in the symbolism of prehistoric cultures, particularly during the Neolithic to Bronze Age periods of ...
finial A finial () or hip-knob is an element marking the top or end of some object, often formed to be a decorative feature. In architecture, it is a small decorative device, employed to emphasize the Apex (geometry), apex of a dome, spire, tower, roo ...
. The west doorway dates from the middle of the 12th century, and was salvaged from the demolished All Saints' Church in 1789. It is ornate. The arch proper has two orders, the inner one of which is embellished with continuous bobbin decoration on shafts and
voussoir A voussoir ( UK: ; US: ) is a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault.“Voussoir, N., Pronunciation.” Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, June 2024, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/7553486115. Acces ...
s. The outer order has its voussoirs embellished with standard beakheads, but the shafts have oddly stylized beakheads which become progressively narrower from bottom to top. The shaft capitals have thin
volute A volute is a spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column. It was later incorporated into Corinthian order and Composite column capitals. Four are normally to be found on an ...
s, except for the inner north one which seems to have small rosettes (the stone is weathered). The
hood mould In architecture, a hood mould, hood, label mould (from Latin , lip), drip mould or dripstone is an external moulded projection from a wall over an opening to throw off rainwater, historically often in form of a '' pediment''. This moulding can be ...
has an inner order of
dog-tooth In architecture, a dog-tooth or dogtooth pattern is an ornament found in the mouldings of medieval work of the commencement of the 12th century, which is thought to have been introduced by the Crusaders. The earliest example is found in the ha ...
and an outer one of semi-circular incisions.


Nave side walls

Each of the nave side walls has a two light window in the Decorated style, c. 1370, except that the
tracery Tracery is an architectural device by which windows (or screens, panels, and vaults) are divided into sections of various proportions by stone ''bars'' or ''ribs'' of moulding. Most commonly, it refers to the stonework elements that support th ...
is very poorly designed. This pair of windows used to be deeper, but the bottom 19 inches (0.5 metres) have been blocked. West of both windows can be discerned traces of a pair of lost windows, which in the south wall are next to a doorway with a plain arch which was inserted to replace the window here in 1789. The masonry to the west of these window traces is of the same year. Near the nave's south-east corner the wall has been patched with scavenged stonework from the church's former rood stair. The east gable is prominent, and arises from corbelled-out moulded consoles.Rogerson et al: Three Norman Churches in Norfolk, East Anglian Archaeology 1987 p. 60


Chancel walls

The east wall has a very fine large three-light Decorated window, c. 1320, with a hood moulding which ends in carved portrait bust stops featuring a king and a queen. The gable above is prominent like the east nave one, but the moulded consoles each have a carving of
Atlas An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a bundle of world map, maps of Earth or of a continent or region of Earth. Advances in astronomy have also resulted in atlases of the celestial sphere or of other planets. Atlases have traditio ...
bearing his burden. A similar pair of matching two-light early 14th-century windows are in the side walls, near the nave. These also have fine portrait bust hood stops, with the ones to the north described as "sad-looking" (the northern portion of a churchyard was traditionally viewed with disfavour, and miscreants and paupers could be buried here). As with the nave windows, the lower parts of both of these have been blocked up. In the south wall to the east is a three-light Perpendicular-style square-headed window with no tracery; the church's listed building description has this as 19th century, but the 1987 survey disagrees and puts it in the 15th century. The church of St Andrew's has a very similar window, inserted when the Perpendicular tower there was built. In between the two windows in the south wall is the narrow priest's door. This has an
ogee An ogee ( ) is an object, element, or curve—often seen in architecture and building trades—that has a serpentine- or extended S-shape (Sigmoid curve, sigmoid). Ogees consist of a "double curve", the combination of two semicircle, semicircula ...
head clasped by a hood mould with
crocket A crocket (or croquet) is a small, independent decorative element common in Gothic architecture. The name derives from the diminutive of the Old French ''croc'', meaning "hook", due to the resemblance of a crocket to a bishop's Shepherd's crook, ...
s, which springs from a pair of lion-head stops and is crowned by an oversized
finial A finial () or hip-knob is an element marking the top or end of some object, often formed to be a decorative feature. In architecture, it is a small decorative device, employed to emphasize the Apex (geometry), apex of a dome, spire, tower, roo ...
. The Victorian
vestry A vestry was a committee for the local secular and ecclesiastical government of a parish in England, Wales and some English colony, English colonies. At their height, the vestries were the only form of local government in many places and spen ...
abuts the north wall near its east end. It has a hooded single-light window in each side wall, but what looks like a window in the gable wall is actually a hooded niche containing a wooden board painted to resemble a window. The gable above was heightened when the roof was thatched in 1976. In the chancel wall just west of the vestry are traces of an original doorway, which existed before the medieval vestry was built.


Interior


Nave

The interior is in white, including the boarded and plastered ceiling vault. Behind the latter, the roof timbers are scissor-
trusses A truss is an assembly of ''members'' such as beams, connected by ''nodes'', that creates a rigid structure. In engineering, a truss is a structure that "consists of two-force members only, where the members are organized so that the assembla ...
. The floor is in brick, laid in a herringbone pattern in 1789. The
box pew A box pew is a type of church pew that is encased in panelling and was prevalent in England and other Protestant countries from the 16th to early 19th centuries. History in England Before the rise of Protestantism, seating was not customary in c ...
s are of the same date, but these were cut down in size in 1865. Older pews survive, dated 1637. On the south wall of the nave are the remains of a medieval wall painting apparently depicting Saint Catherine with her
wheel A wheel is a rotating component (typically circular in shape) that is intended to turn on an axle Bearing (mechanical), bearing. The wheel is one of the key components of the wheel and axle which is one of the Simple machine, six simple machin ...
. The identification is not conclusive, and an alternative description has this as a Wheel of Fortune. The chancel arch is of a similar design to that at the nearby
St Andrew's Church St. Andrew's Church, Church of St Andrew, or variants thereof, may refer to: Albania * St. Andrew's Church, Himarë Australia Australian Capital Territory * St Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Canberra, founded by John Walker (Presbyterian minis ...
. It has a
chamfer A chamfer ( ) is a transitional edge between two faces of an object. Sometimes defined as a form of bevel, it is often created at a 45° angle between two adjoining right-angled faces. Chamfers are frequently used in machining, carpentry, fur ...
, and a thinner
archivolt An archivolt (or voussure) is an ornamental Molding (decorative), moulding or band following the curve on the underside of an arch. It is composed of bands of ornamental mouldings (or other architectural elements) surrounding an arched opening, ...
is inserted which springs from a pair of polygonal moulded corbels. The top of the arch is obscured by the ceiling vault, and the top bead of the corbel mouldings continues as a short string course across the east nave wall. The nave glass is all clear, except for the west window of two lights which has Victorian
stained glass Stained glass refers to coloured glass as a material or art and architectural works created from it. Although it is traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensio ...
. This depicts Christ blessing the children (Mk 10:13-16) and the
raising of Jairus' daughter The raising of Jairus' daughter is a reported miracle of Jesus that occurs in the synoptic Gospels, where it is interwoven with the account of the healing of a bleeding woman. The narratives can be found in Mark 5:21–43, Matthew 9:18–26 a ...
. The font is Victorian, 1857 and octagonal with a tracery panel in each side in 14th century style. The north wall has two funerary tablets of former Lords of the Manor, the upper white marble pedimented one to Hanson Berney 1870 and his wife Agnes, and the lower black marble one to Matthew William Gotobed 1953. The latter had died in a shooting accident.


Chancel

The chancel walling and ceiling is in the same style as the nave and the two share the same 1789 brick floor. The sanctuary is raised a step, and has flooring of the same date which incorporates two salvaged grave-slabs. To the left is a worn limestone coffin-cover, possibly 14th century and having a wheel-cross with ribbons in shallow relief. To the right is a black slab
ledger stone A ledger stone or ledgerstone is an inscribed stone slab usually laid into the floor of a church to commemorate or mark the place of the burial of an important deceased person. The term "ledger" derives from the Middle English words ''lygger'', '' ...
dedicated to the Tiffin family, with the latest year given being 1743. It has a sunk relief of a skull with crossed palm branches and ribbons; weirdly, the church guide describes this as an octopus! The chancel side windows are within wide wall arch recesses, which are cut short by the chancel arch. This is evidence that the chancel was built before the nave, and used to be longer. The window embrasures meld into the intradoses of these arches. The priest's doorway to the right is undecorated, in contrast to its exterior. Then comes a simple step
sedilia In church architecture, sedilia (plural of Latin ''sedīle'', "seat") are seats, typically made of stone, located on the liturgical south side of the altar—often within the chancel—intended for use by the officiating priest, deacon, an ...
inserted into the embrasure of the three-light Perpendicular window. Below the seat is a row of decorative four-petalled blossoms. In the east wall, to the right of the communion table, is a simple
ambry An ambry (or ''almery'', ''aumbry''; from the medieval form ''almarium'', cf. Lat. ''armārium'', "a place for keeping tools"; cf. O. Fr. ''aumoire'' and mod. armoire) is a recessed cabinet in the wall of a Christianity, Christian church (building) ...
(now doorless) where one would expect the
piscina A piscina is a shallow basin placed near the altar of a church, or else in the vestry or sacristy, used for washing the communion vessels. The sacrarium is the drain itself. Lutherans and Anglicans usually refer to the basin, calling it a pisci ...
of the medieval
altar An altar is a table or platform for the presentation of religion, religious offerings, for sacrifices, or for other ritualistic purposes. Altars are found at shrines, temples, Church (building), churches, and other places of worship. They are use ...
. The latter is gone, and is replaced by an ornate wooden
communion table Communion table and Lord's table are terms used by many Protestant churches—particularly from Reformed, Baptist and low church Anglican and Methodist bodies—for the table used for preparation of Holy Communion (a sacrament also called the ...
dated 1633. Above, the east window's embrasure continues down to a shelf which looks like the original altar's gradine. On the wall flanking the window are two triangular pieces of wood each carved with an angel -the original purpose of these items is unknown. The original
ambry An ambry (or ''almery'', ''aumbry''; from the medieval form ''almarium'', cf. Lat. ''armārium'', "a place for keeping tools"; cf. O. Fr. ''aumoire'' and mod. armoire) is a recessed cabinet in the wall of a Christianity, Christian church (building) ...
in the north wall is ornate, and has an ogee-topped frame with tracery and a crowning finial, also a pair of thin little pinnacles with
crocket A crocket (or croquet) is a small, independent decorative element common in Gothic architecture. The name derives from the diminutive of the Old French ''croc'', meaning "hook", due to the resemblance of a crocket to a bishop's Shepherd's crook, ...
s. Compare the exterior of the priest's doorway. To the left is the vestry doorway, which has a moulded doorcase enclosed by a rectangular hood mould with carved leaves in the
spandrel A spandrel is a roughly triangular space, usually found in pairs, between the top of an arch and a rectangular frame, between the tops of two adjacent arches, or one of the four spaces between a circle within a square. They are frequently fil ...
s. The hood mould stops are portrait busts with ornate headdresses. As with the nave, the window glass is clear except that the east window has some yellow bits in the tracery which look like the very beginnings of an abortive project to insert stained glass. The chancel has two wall memorials. To the south is that to Philip and Anne Jenney 1819, in a simple Neoclassical style and signed by the sculptor Snare of
Thetford Thetford is a market town and civil parishes in England, civil parish in the Breckland District of Norfolk, England. It is on the A11 road (England), A11 road between Norwich and London, just east of Thetford Forest. The civil parish, coverin ...
. A line of Latin reads ''Moerens hoc marmor a fratre positum est'' (This marble was placed by the mourning brother). Opposite is a simple triangular-topped slab commemorating Stephen Gooch Read, who was rector of the church for 59 years from 1865 until two years before he died in 1926.


Gallery

File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - geograph.org.uk - 1707979.jpg, South side File: Barton Bendish, St Mary's Church - geograph.org.uk - 314392.jpg, East elevation File: St Mary's church - geograph.org.uk - 1634920.jpg, North side File: St Mary's church - Norman west doorway - geograph.org.uk - 1634149.jpg, West doorway File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Window - geograph.org.uk - 1708033.jpg, South nave window File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Priest's door - geograph.org.uk - 1708029.jpg, Priest's door File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Window - geograph.org.uk - 1708027.jpg, South-west chancel window (note blocking) File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Window - geograph.org.uk - 1708031.jpg, South-east chancel window, Perpendicular style File: St Mary's church - the vestry - geograph.org.uk - 1634910.jpg, Vestry File: St Mary's church - fake vestry window - geograph.org.uk - 1634912.jpg, Fake vestry window File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - East end - geograph.org.uk - 1707989.jpg, Interior from west end File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - West end - geograph.org.uk - 1707995.jpg, Interior from east end File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Font - geograph.org.uk - 1708018.jpg, Font File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Wall painting - geograph.org.uk - 1708021.jpg, Catherine wheel mural File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Pew - geograph.org.uk - 1708015.jpg, Pews dated 1637 File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Wall monument - geograph.org.uk - 1708023.jpg, Gotobed memorial File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - East end - geograph.org.uk - 1707991.jpg, Chancel File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Chancel - geograph.org.uk - 1708003.jpg, Chancel south side with priest's door File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Chancel - geograph.org.uk - 1708005.jpg, Chancel north side with vestry door File: St Mary's church - sanctuary - geograph.org.uk - 1634930.jpg, Vestry door, ambry and communion table File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Dorrway detail - geograph.org.uk - 1708008.jpg, Vestry door hood File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Label head - geograph.org.uk - 1708012.jpg, Vestry door, left hand hood stop File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Coffin slab - geograph.org.uk - 1707999.jpg, Medieval coffin slab File: St Mary, Barton Bendish, Norfolk - Ledger slab - geograph.org.uk - 1707997.jpg, Tiffin memorial


See also

*
List of churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust in the East of England The Churches Conservation Trust, which was initially known as the Redundant Churches Fund, is a Charitable organization, charity whose purpose is to protect historic churches at risk, those that have been made redundant church, redundant by the ...


References


External links


Norfolk Churches, with photographs of the exterior and interior
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barton Bendish, Saint Mary Grade I listed churches in Norfolk Church of England church buildings in Norfolk English churches with Norman architecture English Gothic architecture in Norfolk Churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust 14th-century church buildings in England