St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church (Port Washington, Wisconsin)
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St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church is a
Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...
Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
church located in
Port Washington, Wisconsin Port Washington is a city in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. Located on Lake Michigan's western shore east of Interstate 43, the community is a suburb in the Milwaukee metropolitan area north of Milwaukee. The c ...
. Its congregation is part of the parish of St. John XXIII in the
Archdiocese of Milwaukee The Archdiocese of Milwaukee () is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church in southeast Wisconsin in the United States. The Archdiocese of Milwaukee is the Metropolis (religious jurisdiction), metropolitan s ...
. The church was added to the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
in 1977 for its architectural and religious significance.


History

The first Catholic
Mass Mass is an Intrinsic and extrinsic properties, intrinsic property of a physical body, body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the physical quantity, quantity of matter in a body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physi ...
in Port Washington was read in Franz Gengler's home in 1847. In 1849 the growing
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...
built a tiny wooden church on "Lighthouse Hill." Since then the hill has also been called "Church Hill." In 1860 they built a larger stone church. By 1881 the parish had grown to 250 families, and they built the current church. With In 2016, St. Mary's officially merged with St. Peter of Alcantara in Port Washington and Immaculate Conception in Saukville to become St. John XXIII Parish. The traditional name of the site remains, and is now referred to as St. John XXIII Parish: St. Mary's Site.


Architecture

Henry Messmer Henry Messmer (August 25, 1839–February 20, 1899) was a Swiss-American architect who practiced in Milwaukee, Wisconsin Milwaukee is the List of cities in Wisconsin, most populous city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Located on the western ...
of Milwaukee designed the new church building in
Gothic Revival Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic or neo-Gothic) is an Architectural style, architectural movement that after a gradual build-up beginning in the second half of the 17th century became a widespread movement in the first half ...
style, with walls of random
ashlar Ashlar () is a cut and dressed rock (geology), stone, worked using a chisel to achieve a specific form, typically rectangular in shape. The term can also refer to a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, a ...
limestone Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
quarried three miles north of the building. A large tower is in the front center, with the main entrance at its base and a
rose window Rose window is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but is especially used for those found in Gothic cathedrals and churches. The windows are divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery. The term ''rose window'' wa ...
above it. The square tower rises to an octagonal spire topped with various crosses. The building is decorated with wall
buttress A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient (typically Gothic) buildings, as a means of providing support to act ...
es,
corbel In architecture, a corbel is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal keyed into and projecting from a wall to carry a wikt:superincumbent, bearing weight, a type of bracket (architecture), bracket. A corbel is a solid piece of material in t ...
s, and corner
parapets A parapet is a barrier that is an upward extension of a wall at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, walkway or other structure. The word comes ultimately from the Italian ''parapetto'' (''parare'' 'to cover/defend' and ''petto'' 'chest/breast'). ...
. Some parts of the exterior are trimmed in light-colored
marble Marble is a metamorphic rock consisting of carbonate minerals (most commonly calcite (CaCO3) or Dolomite (mineral), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) that have recrystallized under the influence of heat and pressure. It has a crystalline texture, and is ty ...
. The inside is decorated with tall double lancet
stained glass Stained glass refers to coloured glass as a material or art and architectural works created from it. Although it is traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensio ...
windows. An ornate high altar was built by E. Hackner and Son of
La Crosse La Crosse ( ) is a city in La Crosse County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. Positioned alongside the Mississippi River, La Crosse is the largest city on Wisconsin's western border. La Crosse's population was 52,680 as of the 20 ...
in 1912. The
apse In architecture, an apse (: apses; from Latin , 'arch, vault'; from Ancient Greek , , 'arch'; sometimes written apsis; : apsides) is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical Vault (architecture), vault or semi-dome, also known as an ' ...
behind it is decorated with pastels and
gold leaf upA gold nugget of 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter (bottom) can be expanded through hammering into a gold foil of about 0.5 m2 (5.4 sq ft). The Japan.html" ;"title="Toi gold mine museum, Japan">Toi gold mine museum, Japan. Gold leaf is gold that has ...
. In 1883 at the new church's dedication, a speaker described the building as "a splendid structure, an ornament not only to the city, but the entire state." Today the building, on its prominent hill, is still a focal point of the downtown.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Port Washington, Wisconsin Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin Churches in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milwaukee Gothic Revival church buildings in Wisconsin Religious organizations established in 1847 Roman Catholic churches completed in 1882 Churches in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin National Register of Historic Places in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin 19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States