St. Andrews is a

rural municipality A rural municipality is a classification of municipality, a type of local government, found in several countries. These include: * Rural municipality (Canada), Rural municipalities in Canada, a Lists of municipalities in Canada, type of municipa ...

(RM) in

Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...

, Canada. It lies west of the Red River; its southern border is approximately north of

Winnipeg Winnipeg () is the capital and largest city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Manitoba. It is centred on the confluence of the Red River of the North, Red and Assiniboine River, Assiniboine rivers. , Winnipeg h ...

. The communities of Clandeboye,

Petersfield Petersfield is a market town and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is north of Portsmouth. The town has its own Petersfield railway station, railway station on the Portsmouth Direct line, the mainline rai ...

, and Lockport (the part west of the Red River) are located in St. Andrews, which is part of Manitoba census division 13. The city of Selkirk, the town of

Winnipeg Beach Winnipeg Beach is a town in the Interlake Region, in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The town was founded in 1900 by Sir William Whyte and is located at the junction of Highway 9 and Highway 229 on the southwestern shore of Lake Winnipeg, abo ...

, and the village of Dunnottar are located adjacent to the municipality but are separate urban municipalities.

History

Since the Red River was an important means of transportation in the early settlement and parish, much of St. Andrews' history can be seen along River Road. The parish of St. Andrews was situated between two major fur trading centres of the

Hudson's Bay Company The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), originally the Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading Into Hudson’s Bay, is a Canadian holding company of department stores, and the oldest corporation in North America. It was the owner of the ...

Lower Fort Garry Lower Fort Garry was built in 1830 by the Hudson's Bay Company on the western bank of the Red River, north of the original Fort Garry (now in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada). Treaty 1 was signed there. A devastating flood destroyed Fort Garry ...

(near present-day Selkirk) and

Upper Fort Garry Fort Garry, also known as Upper Fort Garry, was a Hudson's Bay Company trading post located at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine rivers in or near the area now known as The Forks in what is now central Winnipeg, Manitoba. Fort Garry ...

(located in present-day Winnipeg). The name ''St. Andrews'' was derived from the Anglican parish of St. Andrews, which existed for several decades prior to the formation of the municipality in February 1880. St. Andrews Anglican Church is one of the most well-known historical sites in Manitoba. Built in 1849, it served a centre of

Anglican missionary Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protes ...

activity in

Rupert's Land Rupert's Land (), or Prince Rupert's Land (), was a territory in British North America which comprised the Hudson Bay drainage basin. The right to "sole trade and commerce" over Rupert's Land was granted to Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), based a ...

. It is the oldest surviving stone church in

western Canada Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces, Canadian West, or Western provinces of Canada, and commonly known within Canada as the West, is a list of regions of Canada, Canadian region that includes the four western provinces and t ...

and was designated a national historic site in 1970. Its distinctive steeple and

Gothic Revival architecture Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic or neo-Gothic) is an Architectural style, architectural movement that after a gradual build-up beginning in the second half of the 17th century became a widespread movement in the first half ...

make it instantly recognizable and the building is used as symbol for both the community as well as the nearby St. Andrews elementary school. Captain Kennedy House is located along the Red River about north of the St. Andrews church. Built in 1866 by Captain William Kennedy (1814–1890), it is now used as a museum and tea house. Its nearby flower garden is well known among locals and is commonly used for wedding photos. It was officially recognized as a provincial heritage site in 1984. Twin Oaks and Miss Davis' School Residence was a girls school and boarding house built in the 1850s by the Red River Settlement and the Hudson's Bay Company. It became a National Historic site in 1962.

Communities and localities

St. Andrews includes the following communities: * Clandeboye * Lockport (part) * Mapleton * Matlock * Netley *

* South St. Andrews Smaller communities include: *Breezy Point *Chalet Beach *Cloverdale *Less Crossing *Little Britain *McDonald *Melnice *Old England *Parkdale *Rossdale *Sans Souci

Demographics

In the

2021 Census of Population The 2021 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population with a reference date of May 11, 2021. It follows the 2016 Canadian census, which recorded a population of 35,151,728. The overall response rate was 98%, which is sli ...

conducted by

Statistics Canada Statistics Canada (StatCan; ), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. It is headquartered in ...

, St. Andrews had a population of 11,723 living in 4,404 of its 4,736 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 11,913. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.

Attractions

In addition to the St. Andrews church, the municipality contains many historical and significant buildings and establishments, including: * Captain Kennedy House * Little Britain United Church and Cemetery * Lockport Provincial Park * Lower Fort Garry National Historic Site *

Oak Hammock Marsh Oak Hammock Marsh is a marsh and a wildlife management area located north of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The WMA is considered to be a Class IV protected area under the IUCN protected area management categories. The marsh is recognized as an Imp ...

(partly) * River Road Provincial Park * St. Andrews Caméré Curtain Bridge Dam * St. Andrews Rectory * St. John's Cathedral Boys' School in Breezy Point * Twin Oaks * Winnipeg/St. Andrews Airport These and several others have been officially recognized as national, provincial, or municipal historic sites. Other noteworthy establishments include the St. Andrews school, the municipal office, Larter's golf course, River Road Provincial Park, and

(a nature preserve which lies partly in St. Andrews). St. Andrews Airport, which opened in 1962, provides an alternative to

Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada ...

for smaller aircraft including many flying to remote First Nation communities. The privately owned and operated Selkirk Airport and Selkirk Water Aerodrome services smaller aircraft with landing facilities on both land and the nearby Red River for

floatplane A floatplane is a type of seaplane with one or more slender floats mounted under the fuselage to provide buoyancy. By contrast, a flying boat uses its fuselage for buoyancy. Either type of seaplane may also have landing gear suitable for land, ...

s. Notable people born in St. Andrews include

Darren Helm Darren Helm (born January 21, 1987) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played for the Detroit Red Wings and the Colorado Avalanche, winning the Stanley Cup in 2008 and again in 2022. Playing career Junior Helm started ...

, a professional

ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey in North America) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an Ice rink, ice skating rink with Ice hockey rink, lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. Tw ...

player for the

Detroit Red Wings The Detroit Red Wings (colloquially referred to as the Wings) are a professional ice hockey team based in Detroit. The Red Wings compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Atlantic Division (NHL), Atlantic Division in the East ...

of the National Hockey League.

Water

Residents and businesses in the RM of St. Andrews get drinking water from private wells on their own land or purchase water from bulk water suppliers. Two underground carbonate aquifer wells located in the municipality supply part of the drinking water for the nearby City of Selkirk.

Governance

St. Andrews is a

municipal government A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

, led by a mayor and six councillors. The municipal office for St. Andrews is located in Clandeboye.

Notes

References

External links

RM of St. Andrews
website
Map of St. Andrews R.M. at Statcan

''Manitoba Historical Society - Rural Municipality of St. Andrews''
{{Authority control St._Andrews St._Andrews St._Andrews