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A sołectwo ( Polish plural: ''sołectwa'') is an administrative unit in
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
, an optional subdivision of a
gmina The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' ) is the basic unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,479 gminy throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminy include cities and tow ...
. The actions and organs of the soÅ‚ectwo are decided by the gmina council. On 31 December 2018 Poland had 40 740 soÅ‚ectwa.


Government and politics

The legislative organ in a sołectwo is a (village meeting) and the executive is a sołtys. A sołectwo council (''rada sołecka'') provides support to the sołtys. The sołtys and the council are elected by permanent citizens of the sołectwo. A zebranie wiejskie is an example of a direct democracy, as the most important concerns of the citizens are addressed. Citizens' participation in these events varies significantly. The national average is 15%. From 2010, sołectwa can also use their own budget independently if the gmina council agrees to let them to do so. In 2013, half of all gminy with sołectwa adapted to the change.


Structure

A sołectwo usually contains one settlement ( village, '' przysiółek'', etc.), but sometimes it contains more than one or a city has a few sołectwos inside itself.


In cities

The equivalent of a sołectwo in a city is often an osiedle or a dzielnica. There are examples where sołectwa are established within city limits. As of the year 2013, 49 sołectwa were functioning in 12 city gminy. Sołectwa were used as city districts in the cities of Krasnystaw, Orzesze, Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Mikołów, Pieszyce, Zawiercie, Suwałki, Kalisz, Czarna Woda, Miasteczko Śląskie, Woźniki, Sejny and Świnoujście. Until 2013, three sołectwa existed in Warsaw's district of Białołęka.


See also

* Wąchock jokes * Settlement geography * Municipality * Schultheiß


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Solectwo Administrative divisions of Poland