The Sabahan languages are a group of
Austronesian
Austronesian may refer to:
*The Austronesian languages
*The historical Austronesian peoples
The Austronesian peoples, sometimes referred to as Austronesian-speaking peoples, are a large group of peoples in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia, M ...
languages centered on the Bornean province of
Sabah
Sabah () is a state of Malaysia located in northern Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia. Sabah borders the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and the North Kalimantan province of Indonesia to the south. The Federal Territory ...
.
Languages
Blust (2010)
The constituents are separated into two families in Blust (2010):
;Northeast Sabahan
*
Bonggi
Bonggi (Banggi) is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Bonggi people of Banggi Island, off the northern tip of Sabah, Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy co ...
*
Ida’an
;Southwest Sabahan
*
Dusunic (15)
*
Paitanic (4)
*
Murutic (7)
*
Tidong (5)
Lobel (2013)
Lobel (2013b, p. 47, 361) proposes the following internal classification of Southwest Sabahan, based on phonological and morphological evidence.
*Greater Dusunic
**
Dusunic
**
Bisaya-
Lotud
**
Paitanic
*Greater Murutic
**
Murutic
**
Tatana
Tatana Sterba (born October 7, 1976 in Uherské Hradiště, Czechoslovakia (now in the Czech Republic) as ''Taťána Štěrbová'' (), in 1980 the family emigrated to Switzerland) is a dance and trance producer better known under her alias Tatana ...
**
Papar
Lobel (2013:367–368) lists the following Proto-Southwest Sabahan phonological innovations that were developed from
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (PMP) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, which is by far the largest branch (by current speakers) of the Austronesian language family. Proto-Malayo-Polynesian is ancestral to all Austronesi ...
. (Note: PSWSAB stands for Proto-Southwest Sabahan, while PMP stands for Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.)
*PMP *h > PSWSAB Ø
*PMP *a > PSWSAB *ə / _# (possibly be an areal feature in Sabah or northern Borneo, since this is also found in Idaanic)
*PMP *R > PSWSAB *h / (a,i,u)_(a,ə,u)
*PMP *R > PSWSAB *g / ə_
*PMP *-m- > ø in PSWSAB reflexes of the PMP pronoun forms *kami ‘1EXCL.NOM’, *mami ‘1EXCL.GEN’, and *kamu ‘2PL.NOM’
*Reduction of most PMP consonant clusters to either singletons or prenasalized clusters
Smith (2017)
Smith (2017)
proposes a North Borneo group comprising the
North Sarawak, Northeast Sabah, and Southwest Sabah branches.
*
North Sarawak
**
Bintulu
**
Berawan–Lower Baram
**
Dayic
**
Kenyah
*Northeast Sabah (
Bonggi
Bonggi (Banggi) is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Bonggi people of Banggi Island, off the northern tip of Sabah, Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy co ...
, ''
Idaanic'')
*Southwest Sabah
**Greater Dusunic
***Bisaya-Lotud-Dusunic
****
Bisaya-
Lotud (Sabah and Limbang Bisaya, Brunei Dusun, Lotud)
****
Dusunic (Bundu, Liwan, Tindal, Tobilung, Rungus, Kadazan, Kujau, Minokok, Dumpas, etc)
***
Paitanic (Beluran, Lingkabau, Lobu, Kuamut, Murut Serudong)
**Greater Murutic
***
Tatana
Tatana Sterba (born October 7, 1976 in Uherské Hradiště, Czechoslovakia (now in the Czech Republic) as ''Taťána Štěrbová'' (), in 1980 the family emigrated to Switzerland) is a dance and trance producer better known under her alias Tatana ...
***
Papar
***
Murutic (Murut (Nabaay, Timugon, Paluan, Tagol, Kalabakan), Gana, Tingalan, Kolod, Abai, Bulusu, Tidung (Bengawong, Sumbol, Kalabakan, Mensalong, Malinau))
Footnotes
References
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