The Sorum class, Soviet designation Project 745, is a series of
seagoing tugs built for the
Soviet Navy and
KGB Border Troops
The Soviet Border Troops (russian: Пограничные войска СССР, Pogranichnyye voyska SSSR) were the border guard of the Soviet Union, subordinated to the Soviet state security agency: first to the '' Cheka''/ OGPU, then to N ...
, and later operated by the
Russian Navy and
FSB Border Service.
These vessels perform the standard missions of a seagoing tugboat with other missions such as protecting and patrolling
Russian maritime borders, enforcing
navigational rules and
law enforcement,
search and rescue
Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger. The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, typically determined by the type of terrain the search ...
, and
fisheries protection {{Unreferenced, date=March 2008
Maritime patrol is the task of monitoring areas of water. Generally conducted by military and law enforcement agencies, maritime patrol is usually aimed at identifying human activities.
Maritime patrol refers to ac ...
.
Design
; Project 745 seagoing tug: The
oceangoing tugs are
auxiliary vessel
An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations. Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels, though they may have some limited combat capacity, usually for purposes of self-defense.
Auxil ...
s for the Soviet Navy, later the Russian Navy.
; Project 745P patrol ship: The
border patrol ship
A patrol boat (also referred to as a patrol craft, patrol ship, or patrol vessel) is a relatively small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defence, border security, or law enforcement. There are many designs for patrol boats, and the ...
s are modified versions of the original Project 745. They are armed with two 30 mm or gun mounts giving them the ability to fire on surface, air and ground targets, and are equipped with the
fire-control system
A fire-control system (FCS) is a number of components working together, usually a gun data computer, a director, and radar, which is designed to assist a ranged weapon system to target, track, and hit a target. It performs the same task as a ...
to control these weapons.
; Project 07452 experimental vessel: The
reconnaissance vessel is a version of the original Project 745, which is a
testbed for
SIGINT and
hydroacoustic
Underwater acoustics is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries. The water may be in the ocean, a lake, a river or a tank. Ty ...
equipment.
; Project 745MB seagoing tug: The oceangoing tug is a modernized version of the original Project 745. It is equipped with two main
diesel gensets (2 × 1,500 kW), three auxiliary diesel gensets (2 × 200 kW + 1 × 100 kW), an
asynchronous propulsion motor (1 × ) and a
bow thruster.
; Project 745MBS rescue tug: The
rescue tug
Rescue comprises responsive operations that usually involve the saving of life, or the urgent treatment of injuries after an accident or a dangerous situation.
Tools used might include search and rescue dogs, mounted search and rescue ho ...
is a
SAR
SAR or Sar may refer to:
Places
* Sar (river), Galicia, Spain
* Sar, Bahrain, a residential district
* Sar, Iran (disambiguation), several places in Iran
* Sar, Tibet, Tibet Autonomous Region of China
* Šar Mountains, in southeastern Europe
...
version of the modernized Project 745MB, which is equipped with a
switched reluctance propulsion motor instead of an asynchronous one.
Externally, the Projects 745MB and 745MBS tugs can be distinguished from the original Project 745 tugs by twin
funnels
A funnel is a tube or pipe that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used for guiding liquid or powder into a small opening.
Funnels are usually made of stainless steel, aluminium, glass, or plastic. The material used in its construc ...
instead of one.
MB-307 oceangoing tug (DN-SC-94-00168).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745 seagoing tug ' in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1993
Ходові випробування двох малих артилерійських бронекатерів у відритому морі (27834880515).jpg, Ukrainian Navy Project 745 seagoing tug ''Korets'' and ''Berdiansk'' (U175) in the Black Sea in 2016
ZABAYKALYE border patrol ship (DN-SC-93-06072).jpg, Russian Coast Guard Project 745P border patrol ship ''Zabaykalye'' in the western Pacific in 1992
RIAN archive 400846 Large-scale Russian-Japanese exercise in Sakhalin to prevent criminal activity at sea.jpg, Russian Coast Guard Project 745P border patrol ship ''Bug'' and Type Yamaha border patrol boat ''Steregushchy'' during the Russian-Japanese exercise in Aniva Bay
Aniva Bay (Russian: Залив Анива (''Zaliv Aniva''), Japanese: 亜庭湾, Aniwa Bay, or Aniva Gulf) is located at the southern end of Sakhalin Island, Russia, north of the island of Hokkaidō, Japan. The largest city on the bay is Korsako ...
in 2009
OS-572 experimental vessel (DN-SN-89-06987).jpg, Soviet Navy Project 07452 experimental vessel ' (de facto reconnaissance vessel)
MB-12 oceangoing tug (SF and RGO 2020-08-27).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745MB seagoing tug ' at Cape Zhelaniya
Cape Zhelaniya (russian: Мыс Желания, ; being Russian for 'wish/desire') is a headland in the Russian Federation. It is an important geographical landmark. The area in the vicinity of the cape is a desolate place, exposed to bitter Arc ...
in 2020
Naval review on the last day of Marine Security Belt 2019 (57).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745MBS rescue tug ''Viktor Konetsky'' and during the CHIRU exercise in 2019
History
A Project 745P border patrol ship was involved in an
incident involving Greenpeace vessel where the Russian ship fired warning shots, and later seized a Greenpeace vessel after they attempted to board an
oil rig in the
Arctic in 2013.
Another Project 745P border patrol ship
rammed a Ukrainian tug in the Kerch Strait on November 25, 2018.
See also
*
List of ships of Russia by project number
*
List of NATO reporting names for equipment
This is a list of NATO names for Soviet radars and ELINT systems. For additional reporting names, see NATO reporting names.
NATO reporting names
*Ball End – common navigational radar.
*Band Stand – Missile tracking and control
*Bass Tilt – M ...
Notes
References
Further reading
* .
* .
External links
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sorum class seagoing tug
Auxiliary ships of the Soviet Navy
Cold War patrol vessels of the Soviet Union
Auxiliary ships of the Russian Navy
Patrol vessels of Russia