Solotvyno (also Solotvina; ; ; or ; ; , ; ) is a

rural settlement The definition of a rural settlement depends on the country, in some countries, a rural settlement is any settlement in the areas defined as rural by a governmental office, e.g., by the national census bureau. This may include even rural towns. ...

Tiachiv Raion Tiachiv Raion (, ) is a raion in Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Tiachiv. Population: On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast was reduced to ...

Zakarpattia Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпатська область), also referred to as simply Zakarpattia (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпаття; Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Kárpátalja'') or Transcar ...

of Ukraine, located adjacent to

Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...

, on the right bank of the

Tisza River The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa (see below) is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. It was once called "the most Hungarian river" because it used to flow entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national bo ...

opposite the Romanian city of

Sighetu Marmației Sighetu Marmației (, also spelled ''Sighetul Marmației''; or ''Siget''; , ; ; ), until 1960 Sighet, is a city in Maramureș County near the Iza River, in northwestern Romania. Geography Sighetu Marmației is situated along the Tisa river o ...

. The village's name comes from the nearby

salt mine Salt mining extracts natural salt deposits from underground. The mined salt is usually in the form of halite (commonly known as rock salt), and extracted from evaporite formations. History Before the advent of the modern internal combustio ...

. The current population is .

History

Solotvyno was first mentioned (the former one was burned down by the

Tatars Tatars ( )Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary are a group of Turkic peoples across Eas ...

in 1241). In 1910, the town had a population of 2,330, the majority of whom were Hungarian. In 1920, the town became part of the newly formed

Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

, in 1939 it returned to

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

. Many of the large Jewish population died in

the Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, Solotvino became part of Ukraine in the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

. According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census, the majority of the population in the city is Romanian. In 2001, 56.97% of the 8,956 inhabitants spoke Romanian as their native language, while 14.54% spoke Ukrainian, 24.3% Hungarian, and 3.18% Russian. Until 26 January 2024, Solotvyno was designated

urban-type settlement Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the So ...

. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Solotvyno became a rural settlement. The settlement is the final stop of the Ukrainian section of the railway, which runs from

Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

Transcarpathia Transcarpathia (, ) is a historical region on the border between Central and Eastern Europe, mostly located in western Ukraine's Zakarpattia Oblast. From the Hungarian Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, conquest of the Carpathian Basin ...

. Solotvyno has a museum of salt miners.

Notable residents

Robert Maxwell Ian Robert Maxwell (born Ján Ludvík Hyman Binyamin Hoch; 10 June 1923 – 5 November 1991) was a Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor, politician and fraudster. After escaping the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, ...

, British MP, business owner and fraudster (1923–1991), born here when the village was part of the

First Czechoslovak Republic The First Czechoslovak Republic, often colloquially referred to as the First Republic, was the first Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938, a union of ethnic Czechs and Slovaks. The country was commonly called Czechosl ...

.Марк Штейнберг. Евреи в войнах тысячелетий. p. 227.

Gallery

file:Winding tower in Solotvyno (5659-61).jpg, A

in the town of Solotvyno file:Saltlake Solotwino.JPG, Recreation camp, "El dorado" file:Ukraine-Zakarpayska oblast-Solotvuno.JPG file:Solot02.JPG file:Ukraine-Zakarpayska oblast-Solotvuno-Alergologicne pidzemne viddilenja.JPG, Underground office of the hospital file:Solotvyno (Aknaszlatina),former synagogue.jpg, Former synagogue file:Solotvyno,former synagogue.jpg, Former synagogue, now bakery file:Solotvyno (Aknaszlatina). Old Jewish cemetery -01.jpg, Old Jewish cemetery file:Solotvyno (Aknaszlatina). New Jewish cemetery -01.jpg, New Jewish cemetery file:Solotvyno (Aknaszlatina),Jewish memorial plaque.jpg, Jewish memorial plaque

References

External links

Solotvyno
Rural settlements in Tiachiv Raion Mining cities and regions in Ukraine Romanian communities in Ukraine {{Zakarpattia-geo-stub