100 or one hundred (

Roman numeral Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, ea ...

: C) is the

natural number In mathematics, the natural numbers are the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on, possibly excluding 0. Some start counting with 0, defining the natural numbers as the non-negative integers , while others start with 1, defining them as the positive in ...

following 99 and preceding 101.

In mathematics

100 is the square of 10 (in

scientific notation Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form, since to do so would require writing out an inconveniently long string of digits. It may be referred to as scientif ...

it is written as 10²). The standard

SI prefix The International System of Units, internationally known by the abbreviation SI (from French ), is the modern form of the metric system and the world's most widely used system of measurement. It is the only system of measurement with official st ...

for a hundred is " hecto-". 100 is the basis of

percentage In mathematics, a percentage () is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction (mathematics), fraction of 100. It is often Denotation, denoted using the ''percent sign'' (%), although the abbreviations ''pct.'', ''pct'', and sometimes ''pc'' are ...

s ( meaning "by the hundred" in Latin), with 100% being a full amount. 100 is a

Harshad number In mathematics, a harshad number (or Niven number) in a given radix, number base is an integer that is divisible by the digit sum, sum of its digits when written in that base. Harshad numbers in base are also known as -harshad (or -Niven) numbers ...

decimal The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers. It is the extension to non-integer numbers (''decimal fractions'') of th ...

, and also in base-four, a base in-which it is also a

self-descriptive number In mathematics, a self-descriptive number is an integer ''m'' in a given base ''b'' that is ''b'' digits long, and each digit ''d'' at position ''n'' (the most significant digit being at position 0 and the least significant at position ''b''− ...

. 100 is the sum of the first nine

prime number A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a Product (mathematics), product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime ...

s, from 2 through 23. It is also divisible by the number of primes below it, 25. 100 cannot be expressed as the difference between any integer and the total of

coprime In number theory, two integers and are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor of both of them is 1. Consequently, any prime number that divides does not divide , and vice versa. This is equiv ...

s below it, making it a

noncototient In number theory, a noncototient is a positive integer that cannot be expressed as the difference between a positive integer and the number of coprime integers below it. That is, , where stands for Euler's totient function In number theory ...

. 100 has a reduced totient of 20, and an Euler totient of 40. A totient value of 100 is obtained from four numbers: 101,

125 125 may refer to: *125 (number), a natural number *AD 125, a year in the 2nd century AD *125 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC *125 (dinghy), a two person intermediate sailing dinghy *125 (New Jersey bus), a New Jersey Transit bus route *125 Liberatr ...

, 202, and 250. 100 can be expressed as a sum of some of its divisors, making it a semiperfect number. The

geometric mean In mathematics, the geometric mean is a mean or average which indicates a central tendency of a finite collection of positive real numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum). The geometri ...

of its nine divisors is 10. 100 is the sum of the

cubes A cube or regular hexahedron is a three-dimensional space, three-dimensional solid object in geometry, which is bounded by six congruent square (geometry), square faces, a type of polyhedron. It has twelve congruent edges and eight vertices. It i ...

of the first four positive

integers An integer is the number zero (0), a positive natural number (1, 2, 3, ...), or the negation of a positive natural number (−1, −2, −3, ...). The negations or additive inverses of the positive natural numbers are referred to as negative in ...

(100 = 1³ + 2³ + 3³ + 4³). This is related by Nicomachus's theorem to the fact that 100 also equals the square of the sum of the first four positive integers: . 100 = 2⁶ + 6², thus 100 is the seventh Leyland number. 100 is also the seventeenth Erdős–Woods number, and the fourth 18- gonal number. It is the 10th

star number In mathematics, a star number is a centered figurate number, a centered hexagram (six-pointed star), such as the Star of David, or the board Chinese checkers is played on. The ''n''th star number is given by the formula ''Sn'' = 6''n''(''n' ...

(whose

digit sum In mathematics, the digit sum of a natural number in a given radix, number base is the sum of all its numerical digit, digits. For example, the digit sum of the decimal number 9045 would be 9 + 0 + 4 + 5 = 18. Definition Let n be a natural number. ...

also adds to 10 in

In history

*In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of "hundred" to describe the

long hundred The long hundred, also known as the great hundred or twelfty, is the number 120 (in base-10 Hindu-Arabic numerals) that was referred to as ''hund,'' ''hund-teontig,'' ''hundrað'', ''hundrath'', or ''hundred'' in Germanic languages prior to the ...

of six score or 120.

In money

Most of the world's

currencies A currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or currency in circulation, circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. A more general definition is that a currency is a ''system of money'' in common use wi ...

are divided into 100 subunits. For example, one

euro The euro (currency symbol, symbol: euro sign, €; ISO 4217, currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 20 of the Member state of the European Union, member states of the European Union. This group of states is officially known as the ...

is one hundred cents and one

pound sterling Sterling (symbol: £; currency code: GBP) is the currency of the United Kingdom and nine of its associated territories. The pound is the main unit of sterling, and the word '' pound'' is also used to refer to the British currency general ...

is one hundred pence. By specification,

100 euro note The one hundred euro note (€100) is one of the higher value euro banknotes and has been used since the introduction of the euro (in its cash form) in 2002. The note is used in the 25 countries (and Kosovo) that have adopted the euro as their s ...

s feature a picture of a Rococo gateway on the obverse and a Baroque bridge on the reverse. The

United States one-hundred-dollar bill The United States one-hundred-dollar bill (US$100) is a Denomination (currency), denomination of United States dollar, United States currency. The first United States Note with this value was issued in 1862 and the Federal Reserve Note version w ...

has

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath: a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and Political philosophy, political philosopher.#britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Wood, 2021 Among the m ...

's portrait; this "Benjamin" is the largest American

banknote A banknote or bank notealso called a bill (North American English) or simply a noteis a type of paper money that is made and distributed ("issued") by a bank of issue, payable to the bearer on demand. Banknotes were originally issued by commerc ...

in circulation.

In other fields

Computers & Software

* The HTTP status code indicating that the client should continue with its request. * 100 Mbps Ethernet:

Fast Ethernet In computer networking, Fast Ethernet Ethernet physical layer, physical layers carry traffic at the nominal rate of . The Classic Ethernet, prior Ethernet speed was . Of the Fast Ethernet physical layers, 100BASE-TX is by far the most common. ...

standard.

Science & Measurement

* 100°C: The boiling point of water under standard atmospheric pressure. * 100 centimetres = 1 meter: Used in

metric Metric or metrical may refer to: Measuring * Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement * An adjective indicating relation to measurement in general, or a noun describing a specific type of measurement Mathematics ...

measurements. * 100 is the

atomic number The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol ''Z'') of a chemical element is the charge number of its atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei composed of protons and neutrons, this is equal to the proton number (''n''p) or the number of pro ...

of Fermium (Fm): A synthetic chemical element in the periodic table.

Sports

* 100-meter sprint: One of the most prestigious Olympic events.

Culture

* 100 emoji 💯: Is commonly used to represent something excellent or perfect.

References

* Wells, D. ''

The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers ''The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers'' is a reference book for recreational mathematics and elementary number theory written by David Wells. The first edition was published in paperback by Penguin Books in 1986 in the UK, a ...

'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:100 (Number) Integers