Sharif Ul-Hāshim Of Sulu
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Sharif ul-Hāshim (began reign 17 November 1405) was the regal name of Sharif Abubakar Abirin Al-Hashmi. He was an
Arab Arabs (,  , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...
Sulu Genealogy
website accessed on 23 November 2010.
-
Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
explorer and the founder of the
Sultanate of Sulu The Sultanate of Sulu (; ; ) is a Sunni Muslim subnational monarchy in the Philippines, Republic of the Philippines that includes the Sulu Archipelago, coastal areas of Zamboanga City and certain portions of Palawan in today's Philippines. H ...
. He assumed the political and spiritual leadership of the realm, and was given the title ''Sultan'', and was also the first Sultan of Sulu. During his reigning era, he promulgated the first Sulu code of laws called ''Diwan'' that were based on
Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...
. He introduced Islamic political institutions and the consolidation of Islam as the state religion.


Origins and personal life

Very little is known about the Sunni Sufi scholar Sharif ul-Hashim's early life. Born in
Johore Johor, also spelled Johore,'' is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. It borders with Pahang, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the north. Johor has maritime borders with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the east and ...
(in present-day
Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...
), his proper name was known to be Sayyid
Abu Bakr Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa (23 August 634), better known by his ''Kunya (Arabic), kunya'' Abu Bakr, was a senior Sahaba, companion, the closest friend, and father-in-law of Muhammad. He served as the first caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, ruli ...
bin Abirin AlHashmi, while his regal name was known as ''Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul- Hashim'', or "The Master (Paduka) His Majesty (Mahasari), Protector (Maulana) and (al) Sultan (Sultan), Sharif (Sharif) of (ul-) Hashim (Hashim)". he Sharif of Hashim part is a reference to his nobility as a descendant of Hashim clan, a clan the Islamic prophet Muhammad was a part of.His regnal name is often shortened to Sharif ul-Hashim. He was a scholar of the
Shafi'i The Shafi'i school or Shafi'i Madhhab () or Shafi'i is one of the four major schools of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), belonging to the Ahl al-Hadith tradition within Sunni Islam. It was founded by the Muslim scholar, jurist, and traditionis ...
Madh'hab and the
Ash'ari Ash'arism (; ) is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, a Shāfiʿī jurist, reformer (''mujaddid''), and scholastic theologian, in the 9th–10th century. It established an orthodox guideline, based on ...
Aqeeda. Abubakar bin Abirin bore the titles
Sayyid ''Sayyid'' is an honorific title of Hasanid and Husaynid lineage, recognized as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali, Hasan and Husayn ibn Ali, Husayn. The title may also refer ...
(alternatively spelled Saiyid, Sayyed, Seyyed, Sayed, Seyed, Syed, Seyd) and Shareef an honorific that denotes he was an accepted descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through both the Imams Hassan and Hussain. His name is also alternatively spelled Sayyid walShareef Abu Bakr ibn Abirin AlHashmi. He was a Najeeb AlTarfayn Sayyid. The genealogy of Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim describes him as a descendant of
Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...
, through his maternal bloodline, Sayyed Zainul Abidin of
Hadhramaut Hadhramaut ( ; ) is a geographic region in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula which includes the Yemeni governorates of Hadhramaut, Shabwah and Mahrah, Dhofar in southwestern Oman, and Sharurah in the Najran Province of Saudi A ...
,
Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...
, who belongs to the fourteenth generation of Hussain, the grandson of Muhammad.Genealogy of Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultanate
website accessed on 23 November 2010.
He was from the
Ba 'Alawiyya The Ba'Alawi tariqa (), also known as the Tariqa Ba Alawiyya is a Sufi order centered in Hadhramawt, Yemen, but now spread across the Indian Ocean rim along with the Hadhrami diaspora. The order is closely tied to the Ba'Alawi sadah famil ...
of Yemen along with the other known missionaries locally known as 'Lumpang Basih'.Quiling, Mucha-Shim (2020). "Lumpang Basih". Journal of Studies on Traditional Knowledge in Sulu Archipelago and Its People, and in the Neighboring Nusantara.


Descendants

Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim's descendants include:. . * Sharif Kamal ud-Din, his eldest son and successor, reigning 1480–1505. * Sultan Sharif Ala ud-Din, his son, not proclaimed as sultan of Sulu. * Sultan Sharif Mu-izz ul-Mutawadi-in, his grandson, who was sultan 1527–1548.


See also

* Sharif ‘Ali ibn ‘Ajlan ibn Rumaithah ibn Muhammad * Sultans of Sulu


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sharif ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultans of Sulu Filipino people of Arab descent Malaysian people of Arab descent Filipino datus, rajas and sultans Malaysian royalty 15th-century monarchs in Asia Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown 15th-century explorers Explorers of Asia