Shaqra, Qatar
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Shagra ( []; also known as Ash Shagra and Shaqra) is a Qatar, Qatari settlement located in the municipalities of Qatar, municipality of Al Wakrah (municipality), Al Wakrah. It was previously located in
Mesaieed Mesaieed (, also transliterated as ''Umm Sa'id'') is an industrial city in Al Wakrah Municipality south of the Qatari capital Doha. It was one of the most important cities in Qatar during the 20th century, having gained recognition as a prime ...
Municipality before the municipality was incorporated in Al Wakrah Municipality. It is a highly undeveloped area, consisting mainly of open desert. Of its 497.2 square km area, only 46 square km of land is under use. Residential units occupy 2% of its land, commercial and industrial establishments occupy 10%, and "other" (including under-construction) areas account for the remaining 88% of developed land.


Etymology

Shagra's name has its roots in the
Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...
word 'shaqra', meaning 'blonde' or 'fair'. This name was originally given to a
well A well is an excavation or structure created on the earth by digging, driving, or drilling to access liquid resources, usually water. The oldest and most common kind of well is a water well, to access groundwater in underground aquifers. The ...
posthumously for a light-colored camel owned by nomads in the area, and eventually came to be applied to the entire region. Various alternative
transliteration Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus '' trans-'' + '' liter-'') in predictable ways, such as Greek → and → the digraph , Cyrillic → , Armenian → or L ...
s of the name are used by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment, including ''Shaqra'', ''Eshaiqir'', and ''Leshaiger''.


Geography

The most convenient point of entry into Shagra is from the road leading from
Mesaieed Mesaieed (, also transliterated as ''Umm Sa'id'') is an industrial city in Al Wakrah Municipality south of the Qatari capital Doha. It was one of the most important cities in Qatar during the 20th century, having gained recognition as a prime ...
to the east. Another route, accessible from the north and west, is from the village of Al Khubayb.


Archaeology

An important
Neolithic period The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wid ...
site is located in Shagra. The site was first discovered by a French archaeological team in 1981, and in 1988 it was described in a publication authored by a member of the team, Dr. Marie-Louise Inizan. It is one of the earliest settlements found in the southern portion of Qatar and dates back to 6000 BC. Among the artifacts found at the site was a two-room structure, flints and remnants of fish and molluscs. Although there were numerous references to the site in Inizan's reports, no co-ordinates were mentioned and the site was subsequently lost due to strong winds burying the area under sand. The general location of Shagra was re-discovered in 2008 by a hydrologist named Philip Macumber when he found markers belonging to the French archaeological team. Between 2010 and 2012,
Qatar Museums Authority Qatar Museums (formerly the Qatar Museums Authority) was founded in 2005 and is a Qatari government entity that oversees the Museum of Islamic Art, Doha, Museum of Islamic Art (MIA), Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art, MIA Park, QM Gallery at the ...
attempted to narrow the location of the site but were unsuccessful. Finally, in 2015, geologist Jacques LeBlanc was successful in rediscovering the site. In addition to rediscovering the lost site, LeBlanc also discovered a new site approximately northwest of the old site which he dubbed Shagra II. At the site, he recorded an 18 meter path along which foundations were visible of four to five adjacent dwellings, a lone dwelling roughly 19 meters south of the aforementioned path, another partially submerged dwelling approximately 13 meters northeast of the path, and a north-to-south facing grave 5 meters to the west from the path. The grave is located in a
sabkha A sabkha () is a predominately coastal, supratidal mudflat or sandflat in which evaporite-saline minerals accumulate as the result of a semiarid to arid climate. Sabkhas are gradational between land and intertidal zone within restricted coast ...
, has rock slabs on either side, and may have belonged to a child.


Demographics

As of the 2010 census, the settlement comprised 11 housing units and 6 establishments. There were 3,874 people living in the settlement, of which 99% were male and 1% were female. Out of the 3,874 inhabitants, 99% were 20 years of age or older and 1% was under the age of 20. The
literacy rate Literacy is the ability to read and write, while illiteracy refers to an inability to read and write. Some researchers suggest that the study of "literacy" as a concept can be divided into two periods: the period before 1950, when literacy was ...
stood at 97.6%. Employed persons made up 100% of the total population. Females accounted for 0% of the working population, while males accounted for 100% of the working population.


References


External links


Shagra at Geographic.org
Populated places in Al Wakrah {{Al Wakrah Municipality