The Shanghai–Nanjing or Huning Railway
[ Chinese: t , s , p ''Hù–Níng Tiělù''.] is a railway in
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
running from
Shanghai
Shanghai, Shanghainese: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China. The city is located on the Chinese shoreline on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the ...
to
Nanjing
Nanjing or Nanking is the capital of Jiangsu, a province in East China. The city, which is located in the southwestern corner of the province, has 11 districts, an administrative area of , and a population of 9,423,400.
Situated in the Yang ...
, capital of Jiangsu province. The railway is about long. The Huning line is one of the busiest in China.
The
Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway
The Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway or Huning intercity railway () is a -long high-speed rail line between Shanghai and Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province. and are shorthand Chinese names for Shanghai and Nanjing, respectively. T ...
runs along the same route, but on parallel tracks.
Its Chinese name is derived from the
character abbreviations ''
Hù'' (
s ,
t ) for Shanghai and ''
Níng'' (
s ,
t ) for Nanjing.
History
Such a railway had long been desired by Western interests in
19th-century China and just as long opposed by the
Qing
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...
government. Following China's disastrous failure in the
First Sino-Japanese War
The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 189417 April 1895), or the First China–Japan War, was a conflict between the Qing dynasty of China and the Empire of Japan primarily over influence in Joseon, Korea. In Chinese it is commonly known as th ...
, however, the
Guangxu Emperor
The Guangxu Emperor (14 August 1871 – 14 November 1908), also known by his temple name Emperor Dezong of Qing, personal name Zaitian, was the tenth Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China ...
approved the construction of the Shanghai–Nanjing line as a western extension of the existing
Songhu Railway. The project was undertaken by the civil engineering partnership Sir
John Wolfe-Barry and Lt Col
Arthur John Barry at the end of the nineteenth century.
[Frederick Arthur Crisp ''Visitation of England and Wales'', Volume 14, London (1906)] Its former eastern terminus at the Old North Station in Shanghai's
Zhabei District (the former
American district of the
International Settlement) is now the
Shanghai Railway Museum.
From 1928 to 1949, while Nanjing was the capital of the
Republic of China
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
, the line was known as the Jinghu Railway,
[ Chinese: t , s , p ''Jīng–Hù Tiělù''.] a name now reserved for the line between ''Bei''jing and Shanghai. In 2007 during the
Sixth Railway Speed-Up Campaign, the line was organized into the
Beijing–Shanghai railway
The Beijing–Shanghai railway or Jinghu railway () is a railway line between Beijing and Shanghai.
The line has a total length of and connects the municipalities of Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai, as well as the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, ...
See also
*
Jinghu Railway, the modern railway between
Beijing
Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...
and Shanghai
*
Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway
The Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway or Huning intercity railway () is a -long high-speed rail line between Shanghai and Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province. and are shorthand Chinese names for Shanghai and Nanjing, respectively. T ...
Notes
References
Railway lines in China
{{PRChina-rail-transport-stub