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The Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge is a bridge–tunnel complex across the south fork of the
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/ref> The bridge has three road lanes in each direction, with a designed speed of . Room on both flanks of the bridge is reserved for a future metro line, line 19, so total deck width is .
Shanghai Yantze River Bridge&Tunnel Project Info Website
The world's largest bridge tunnel opened to traffic in Shanghai
SMG：采用最新科技 上海长江隧道做足安全文章新闻午报：上海长江大桥主塔封顶
{{Shanghai Bridges and Tunnels Bridge–tunnels in Asia Road transport in Shanghai Road tunnels in China Bridges in Shanghai Bridges over the Yangtze River Cable-stayed bridges in China 2009 establishments in Shanghai
Yangtze River
The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ) is the longest river in Eurasia and the third-longest in the world. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau and flows including Dam Qu River the longest source of the Yangtze, i ...
near the river mouth in Shanghai. The tunnel connects the Pudong
Pudong is a list of administrative divisions of Shanghai, district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu River, Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank (g ...
District of Shanghai on the south bank of the river with Changxing Island, while the bridge connects Changxing Island with Chongming Island
Chongming (), Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanized as Chungming, is an alluvial island at the mouth of the Yangtze, Yangtze River in East China covering as of 2010. Together with the islands Changxing Island (Shanghai), Changxing an ...
. In combination with the Chongqi Bridge (opened in December 2011), which connects Chongming Island to the north bank of the Yangtze, the bridge–tunnel complex forms the final crossing of the Yangtze before it empties into the East China Sea
The East China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean, located directly offshore from East China. China names the body of water along its eastern coast as "East Sea" (, ) due to direction, the name of "East China Sea" is otherwise ...
.
The bridge and tunnel were built from 2005 to 2009 at a cost of 12.6 billion yuan (US$1.84 billion), and opened on 31 October 2009.Bridge-tunnel linking Chongming Island opens to traffic''
Shanghai Daily
''Shanghai Daily'' () is an English-language newspaper founded in 1999 and owned by the Shanghai United Media Group, a state media company under the control of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It was the first dail ...
'', 2009-10-31, retrieved 3 November 2009 Their combined length is , forming part of the G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway.
Tunnel
The Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel starts on the south bank of the Yangtze at Wuhaogou,Pudong
Pudong is a list of administrative divisions of Shanghai, district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu River, Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank (g ...
and ends in the south of Changxing Island. It is in length, and has two stacked levels. The upper level is for a motorway, and has three lanes in each direction, with a designed speed of . The lower level is reserved for a future Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (; Shanghainese: ''Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7'') is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 List of township-level divisions of Shanghai, municipal districts and to the neighb ...
line, Chongming Line
Line 22 of the Shanghai Metro, formerly named Chongming line () is a rapid transit line on the Shanghai Metro that is part of the 2018–2023 Shanghai Metro plan. The Chongming line was previously treated as the last phase of Line 9, and was L ...
.
The tunnelling was completed using four tunnel boring machine
A tunnel boring machine (TBM), also known as a "mole" or a "worm", is a machine used to excavate tunnels. TBMs are an alternative to drilling and blasting methods and "hand mining", allowing more rapid excavation through hard rock, wet or dry so ...
s, the largest of which was in diameter, long, and weighed 2,300t.
Bridge
The Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge starts at the tunnel exit, crosses Changxing Island at ground level, then crosses to Chongming Island, ending at Chenjia Town. It consists of two longviaduct
A viaduct is a specific type of bridge that consists of a series of arches, piers or columns supporting a long elevated railway or road. Typically a viaduct connects two points of roughly equal elevation, allowing direct overpass across a wide ...
s with a higher cable-stayed
A cable-stayed bridge has one or more ''towers'' (or ''pylons''), from which cables support the bridge deck. A distinctive feature are the cables or stays, which run directly from the tower to the deck, normally forming a fan-like pattern o ...
section in the middle to allow the passage of ships. The total length is , of which is road and bridge.
The overall shape of the bridge is not linear
In mathematics, the term ''linear'' is used in two distinct senses for two different properties:
* linearity of a '' function'' (or '' mapping'');
* linearity of a '' polynomial''.
An example of a linear function is the function defined by f(x) ...
but slightly sigmoid
Sigmoid means resembling the lower-case Greek letter sigma (uppercase Σ, lowercase σ, lowercase in word-final position ς) or the Latin letter S. Specific uses include:
* Sigmoid function, a mathematical function
* Sigmoid colon, part of the l ...
(S-shaped).
The central cable-stayed span is about , the longest span of any bridge in Shanghai, and the tenth longest cable-stayed span in the world. The span arrangement is 92+258+730+258+72 m.Q.E. Deng, C.Y. Shao: Recent Major Cable-Stayed Bridges in Shanghai/ref> The bridge has three road lanes in each direction, with a designed speed of . Room on both flanks of the bridge is reserved for a future metro line, line 19, so total deck width is .
See also
*Yangtze River bridges and tunnels
The bridges and tunnels across the Yangtze River carry rail and road traffic across China's longest and largest List of rivers of China, river and form a vital part of the Transport in China, country's transportation infrastructure. The river bi ...
* Hangzhou Bay Bridge
Hangzhou Bay Bridge () is a long highway bridge with two separate cable-stayed bridge, cable-stayed portions, built across the mouth of Hangzhou Bay in the eastern coastal region of China. It connects the municipalities of Jiaxing and Ningbo in Z ...
, a bridge across the Hangzhou Bay
Hangzhou Bay is a funnel-shaped inlet of the East China Sea on the middle eastern coast of Mainland China, bordered by the province of Zhejiang to the west and south, and the municipality of Shanghai to north. The bay extends westwards to its ...
connecting Jiangsu
Jiangsu is a coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province in East China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the List of Chinese administra ...
and Zhejiang
)
, translit_lang1_type2 =
, translit_lang1_info2 = ( Hangzhounese) ( Ningbonese) (Wenzhounese)
, image_skyline = 玉甑峰全貌 - panoramio.jpg
, image_caption = View of the Yandang Mountains
, image_map = Zhejiang i ...
provinces.
* Donghai Bridge, a bridge from Shanghai to the island of Yangshan and the Yangshan Deepwater Port Yangshan could refer to the following places in China:
*Yangshan Port (洋山港), part of Port of Shanghai
*Yangshan Park Station (羊山公园站), a station on the Line No. 2 of the Nanjing Metro, opened on 28 May 2010
*Yangshan County (阳山� ...
in Hangzhou Bay.
* Yangpu Bridge
The Yangpu Bridge () is a sister bridge to the Nanpu Bridge, both crossing the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China. Yangpu is among the world's longest bridges, with a total length of 8354 meters. Its longest span of 602 m makes it one of the List of ...
, a cable-stayed bridge across Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its ...
in Shanghai.
* Lupu Bridge
The Lupu Bridge (), named after Luwan District, is a through arch bridge over the Huangpu River in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, China, connecting the city's Huangpu District, Shanghai, Huangpu and Pudong New Area, Pudong districts. It is L ...
, an arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its structural load, loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either si ...
across Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its ...
in Shanghai.
References
External links
Shanghai Yantze River Bridge&Tunnel Project Info Website
The world's largest bridge tunnel opened to traffic in Shanghai
SMG：采用最新科技 上海长江隧道做足安全文章
{{Shanghai Bridges and Tunnels Bridge–tunnels in Asia Road transport in Shanghai Road tunnels in China Bridges in Shanghai Bridges over the Yangtze River Cable-stayed bridges in China 2009 establishments in Shanghai