Semionotiformes is an order of ray-finned fish known from the Middle

Triassic The Triassic ( ; sometimes symbolized 🝈) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. The Triassic is t ...

(

Anisian In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage (stratigraphy), stage or earliest geologic age, age of the Middle Triassic series (stratigraphy), series or geologic epoch, epoch and lasted from million years ago until million years ag ...

) to the Late

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 143.1 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era (geology), Era, as well as the longest. At around 77.1 million years, it is the ...

(

Maastrichtian The Maastrichtian ( ) is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geologic timescale, the latest age (geology), age (uppermost stage (stratigraphy), stage) of the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or Upper Cretaceous series (s ...

). Their closest living relatives are gars (Lepisosteidae), with both groups belonging to the clade

Ginglymodi Ginglymodi is a clade of ray-finned fish containing modern-day gars (Lepisosteidae) and their extinct relatives (including the family (biology), family Lepidotidae) in the Order (biology), order Lepisosteiformes, the extinct orders Semionotiforme ...

within the

Holostei Holostei is a group of ray-finned bony fish. It is divided into two major clades, the Halecomorphi, represented by the single living genus, '' Amia'' with two species, the bowfins (''Amia calva'' and '' Amia ocellicauda''), as well as the Gin ...

. The group includes both freshwater (Semionotidae) and marine (Callipurbeckiidae, Macrosemiidae) adapted forms. Many members of the family Macrosemiidae (which are usually included in Semionotiformes but sometimes placed in their order), had elongated dorsal fins, often associated with an adjacent area of skin which was free of scales. These fins were likely undulated for use in precision swimming. The body morphology of macrosemiids suggests that they were slow swimmers who were capable of maneuvering around complex topography, such as reef environments.

Classification

* Order †Semionotiformes Arambourg & Bertin 1958 sensu López-Arbarello 2012 ** Genus ?†'' Orthurus'' Kner 1866 ** Genus †'' Sangiorgioichthys'' Tintori & Lombardo 2007 ** Genus †'' Luoxiongichthys'' Wen et al. 2011 ** Genus †'' Aphanepygus'' Bassani 1879 ** Genus †'' Austrolepidotes'' Bocchino, 1974 ** Genus †'' Corunegenys'' Wade, 1942 ** Genus †'' Placidichthys'' Brito 2000 ** Family ?† Hadrodontidae Thurmond and Jones, 1981 (alternately considered a pycnodont) *** Genus ?†'' Hadrodus'' Leidy, 1857 (alternately considered a pycnodont) ** Family † Pleurolepididae Lütken 1871 *** Genus †'' Pleurolepis'' Agassiz 1863 non Quenstedt 1852 ** Family † Macrosemiidae Wagner 1860a corrig. Cope 1889 sensu Murray & Wilson 2009 acrosemii Wagner 1860a*** Genus †'' Eusemius'' Vetter 1881 *** Genus †'' Blenniomoeus'' Costa 1850 'Calignathus'' Costa 1853">Calignathus.html" ;"title="'Calignathus">'Calignathus'' Costa 1853*** Genus †''Enchelyolepis'' Woodward 1918 *** Genus †''Palaeomacrosemius'' Ebert, Lane & Kolbl-Ebert 2016 *** Genus †''Voelklichthys'' Arratia & Schultze 2012 *** Genus †'' Notagogus'' Agassiz 1833-1844 'Neonotagogus'' Bravi 1994">Neonotagogus.html" ;"title="'Neonotagogus">'Neonotagogus'' Bravi 1994*** Genus †''Agoultichthys'' Murray & Wilson 2009 *** Genus †''Histionotus'' Egerton 1854 *** Genus †''Propterus'' Agassiz 1833-1844 [''Rhynchoncodes'' Costa 1850] *** Genus †'' Macrosemiocotzus'' González-Rodríguez, Applegate & Espinosa-Arrubarrena 2004 *** Genus †'' Legnonotus'' Egerton 1853 *** Genus †'' Macrosemius'' Agassiz 1833-1844 ** Family † Semionotidae Woodward 1890 sensu López-Arbarello 2012 *** Genus †'' Semionotus'' Agassiz 1832 (Usually considered a

wastebasket taxon Wastebasket taxon (also called a wastebin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by e ...

) *** Genus †'' Sargodon'' Plieninger 1847 ** Family † Callipurbeckiidae López-Arbarello 2012 aralepidotidae Hadding 1919 ex Lund 1920*** Genus †'' Occitanichthys'' López-Arbarello & Wencker 2016 *** Genus †'' Semiolepis'' Lombardo & Tintori 2008 *** Genus †'' Paralepidotus'' Stolley 1919 *** Genus †'' Macrosemimimus'' Schröder, López-Arbarello & Ebert 2012 *** Genus †'' Tlayuamichin'' López-Arbarello & Alvarado-Ortega 2011 *** Genus †'' Callipurbeckia'' López-Arbarello 2012

Timeline of genera

ImageSize = width:1500px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-299 till:15 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:25 start:-299 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:5 start:-299 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196) id:HER value:teal id:HAD value:green id:OMN value:blue id:black value:black id:white value:white id:paleozoic value:rgb(0.6,0.75,0.55) id:cambrian value:rgb(0.49,0.63,0.33) id:ordovician value:rgb(0,0.57,0.44) id:silurian value:rgb(0.70,0.88,0.71) id:devonian value:rgb(0.8,0.55,0.22) id:carboniferous value:rgb(0.4,0.65,0.6) id:permian value:rgb(0.94,0.25,0.24) id:mesozoic value:rgb(0.38,0.77,0.79) id:triassic value:rgb(0.51,0.17,0.57) id:jurassic value:rgb(0.2,0.7,0.79) id:cretaceous value:rgb(0.5,0.78,0.31) id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.95,0.98,0.11) id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32) id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1) id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.50) BarData= bar:eratop bar:space bar:periodtop bar:space bar:NAM1 bar:NAM2 bar:NAM3 bar:NAM4 bar:NAM5 bar:NAM6 bar:NAM7 bar:NAM8 bar:NAM9 bar:NAM10 bar:NAM11 bar:NAM12 bar:NAM13 bar:NAM14 bar:NAM15 bar:NAM16 bar:NAM17 bar:NAM18 bar:NAM19 bar:NAM20 bar:NAM21 bar:NAM22 bar:NAM23 bar:NAM24 bar:NAM25 bar:NAM26 bar:NAM27 bar:NAM28 bar:NAM29 bar:NAM30 bar:NAM31 bar:NAM32 bar:NAM33 bar:space bar:period bar:space bar:era PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(7,-4) bar:periodtop from: -299 till: -251 color:permian text:

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ...

from: -251 till: -199.6 color:triassic text:

from: -199.6 till: -145.5 color:jurassic text:

Jurassic The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 143.1 Mya. ...

from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:

from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:

Paleogene The Paleogene Period ( ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Ma. It is the fir ...

from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text: Neog. from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q. bar:eratop from: -299 till: -251 color:paleozoic text:

Paleozoic Era The Paleozoic ( , , ; or Palaeozoic) Era is the first of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Beginning 538.8 million years ago (Ma), it succeeds the Neoproterozoic (the last era of the Proterozoic Eon) and ends 251.9 Ma at the start of ...

from: -251 till: -65.5 color:mesozoic text:

Mesozoic Era The Mesozoic Era is the era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about , comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods. It is characterized by the dominance of archosaurian reptiles such as the dinosaurs, and of gymnosperms s ...

from: -65.5 till: 0 color:cenozoic text:

Cenozoic The Cenozoic Era ( ; ) is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66million years of Earth's history. It is characterized by the dominance of mammals, insects, birds and angiosperms (flowering plants). It is the latest of three g ...

PlotData= align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left color:permian bar:NAM1 from:-260 till:-253.8 text:

Acentrophorus ''Acentrophorus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater and marine ray-finned fish from the Roadian (Guadalupian/Middle Permian) to the Wuchiapingian (Lopingian/late Permian) of England (Marl Slate), Germany (Kupferschiefer), Italy (Val G ...

color:permian bar:NAM2 from:-260 till:-199.8 text: Paralepidotus color:triassic bar:NAM3 from:-251 till:-245 text: Archaeolepidotus color:triassic bar:NAM4 from:-251 till:-245 text: Pericentrophus color:triassic bar:NAM5 from:-249.7 till:-237 text: Eosemionotus color:triassic bar:NAM6 from:-245 till:-175.6 text: Semionotus color:triassic bar:NAM7 from:-245 till:-228 text: Alleiolepis color:triassic bar:NAM8 from:-245 till:-228 text: Allelepidotus color:triassic bar:NAM9 from:-245 till:-228 text: Asialepidotus color:triassic bar:NAM10 from:-245 till:-228 text: Enigmatichthys color:triassic bar:NAM11 from:-245 till:-228 text: Sinosemionotus color:triassic bar:NAM12 from:-245 till:-199.6 text: Serrolepis color:triassic bar:NAM13 from:-228.7 till:-216.5 text: Aphelolepis color:triassic bar:NAM14 from:-228.7 till:-216.5 text: Orthurus color:triassic bar:NAM15 from:-228.7 till:-65.5 text:

Lepidotus ''Lepidotes'' (from , 'covered with scales') (previously known as ''Lepidotus'') is an extinct genus of Mesozoic Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish. It has long been considered a wastebasket taxon, characterised by "general features, such as thick ...

color:triassic bar:NAM16 from:-228.7 till:-203.6 text: Plesiolepidotus color:triassic bar:NAM17 from:-228 till:-199.6 text: Corunegenys color:triassic bar:NAM18 from:-228 till:-199.6 text: Hemicalypterus color:triassic bar:NAM19 from:-228 till:-199.6 text: Pristiosomus color:triassic bar:NAM20 from:-216.5 till:-203.6 text: Dandya color:triassic bar:NAM21 from:-216.5 till:-199.6 text: Sargodon color:triassic bar:NAM22 from:-216.5 till:-171.6 text: Dapedium color:triassic bar:NAM23 from:-203.6 till:-199.6 text: Prolepidotus color:jurassic bar:NAM24 from:-199.6 till:-145.5 text: Prionopleurus color:jurassic bar:NAM25 from:-183 till:-175.6 text: Austrolepidotus color:jurassic bar:NAM26 from:-183 till:-145.5 text: Tetragonolepis color:jurassic bar:NAM27 from:-164.7 till:-149.03 text: Heterostrophus color:jurassic bar:NAM28 from:-155.7 till:-150.8 text: Callopteus color:jurassic bar:NAM29 from:-155.7 till:-150.8 text: Oligopleurus color:cretaceous bar:NAM30 from:-112 till:-70.6 text: Paralepidosteus color:cretaceous bar:NAM31 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text: Oshunia color:cretaceous bar:NAM32 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text: Sphathiurus PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 bar:period from: -299 till: -251 color:permian text:

from: -251 till: -199.6 color:triassic text:

from: -199.6 till: -145.5 color:jurassic text:

from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:

from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:

from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text: Neog. from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q. bar:era from: -299 till: -251 color:paleozoic text:

from: -251 till: -65.5 color:mesozoic text:

from: -65.5 till: 0 color:cenozoic text:

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q946193 Prehistoric ray-finned fish orders Lopingian first appearances Late Cretaceous extinctions