''Sarcodon'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...
in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Bankeraceae
The ''Bankeraceae'' are a family of fungi in the order Thelephorales. Taxa are terrestrial, and ectomycorrhizal with plant species in families such as Pinaceae or Fagaceae. The family was circumscribed by Marinus Anton Donk in 1961. According t ...
, which is part of the
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
...
Thelephorales
The Thelephorales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order includes corticioid and hydnoid fungi, together with a few polypores and clavarioid species. Most fungi within the Thelephorales are ectomycorrhizal. None is of ...
, known for its almost universal ectomycorrhizal ecology.
The genus owes its name to the presence of teeth-like spines on the
hymenophore
A hymenophore refers to the hymenium-bearing structure of a fungal fruiting body. Hymenophores can be smooth surfaces, lamellae, folds, tubes, or teeth. The term was coined by Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke (; 18 July 16353 March 1703) was an ...
, from ancient Greek; ''sarco'' = flesh and ''odon'' = tooth. For this reason they are commonly called "tooth fungi", or "
Hydnoid fungi".
Description
''Sarcodon'' species have yellow to brown tinted basidiospores,
with lengths in the range of 7.4–9 μm.
The basidiomata are often soft and fleshy.
Species
,
Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and th ...
listed 49 valid species of ''Sarcodon''.
However, in 2019 Larsson ''et al.'' transferred 12 species into the genus ''
Hydnellum
''Hydnellum'' is a genus of tooth fungi in the family Bankeraceae (order Thelephorales). Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, the genus contains around 40 species. The basidiocarp, fruitbodies of its members grow by slowly enveloping n ...
''.
In 2024, Douch ''et al.'' transferred ''
Sarcodon carbonarius'' to the genus ''
Neosarcodon''.
* ''
Sarcodon aglaosoma''
* ''
Sarcodon atroviridis''
* ''
Sarcodon austrofibulatus''
* ''
Sarcodon bubalinus''
* ''
Sarcodon caliginosus''
* ''
Sarcodon calvatus''
* ''
Sarcodon catalaunicus''
* ''
Sarcodon conchyliatus''
* ''
Sarcodon cyanellus''
* ''
Sarcodon cyrneus''
* ''
Sarcodon dissimulans''
* ''
Sarcodon excentricus''
* ''
Sarcodon harrisonii''
* ''
Sarcodon humilis''
* ''
Sarcodon ianthinus''
* ''
Sarcodon illudens''
* ''
Sarcodon imbricatus''
* ''
Sarcodon lanuginosus''
* ''
Sarcodon leucopus''
* ''
Sarcodon pakaraimensis''
* ''
Sarcodon portoricensis''
* ''
Sarcodon praestans''
* ''
Sarcodon procerus''
* ''
Sarcodon quercinofibulatus''
* ''
Sarcodon quercophilus''
* ''
Sarcodon quietus
''Sarcodon quietus'' is a species of tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. Found in the Congo, it was described as new to science in 1967 by Dutch mycologist Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus.
References
External links
*
Fungi describe ...
''
* ''
Sarcodon regalis''
* ''
Sarcodon rimosus''
* ''
Sarcodon roseolus''
* ''
Sarcodon rutilus''
* ''
Sarcodon scabripes''
* ''
Sarcodon squamosus''
* ''
Sarcodon stereosarcinon''
* ''
Sarcodon subfelleus''
* ''
Sarcodon thwaitesii''
* ''
Sarcodon umbilicatus''
* ''
Sarcodon ussuriensis''
* ''
Sarcodon ustalis''
* ''
Sarcodon wrightii''
Human uses
Several species within the ''Sarcodon'' genus, including ''
S. imbricatus'' (''see figure''), are edible. The fungus can be bitter, but that is less apparent in younger specimens. In China, it is a popular edible mushroom and it is used to reduce cholesterol, relax the muscles, and improve blood circulation.
from the genus, called scabronines, may increase
nerve growth factor
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the regulation of growth, maintenance, proliferation, and survival of certain target neurons. It is perhaps the prototypical growth factor, in that it was ...
synthesis ''in vitro''.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q902135
Thelephorales genera