Sant'Adriano Al Foro on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
Sant'Adriano al Foro was a
The Church of Sant'Adriano al Foro (Italian for St. (H)Adrian at the Roman Forum) was a conversion of the Curia Julia, which had housed the Senate of Ancient Rome, by
/ref>
original pictures of the exterior of the church and its conversion
original picture of the pre-1930 interior of the church {{DEFAULTSORT:Adriano Al Foro, Santo Deconsecrated Roman Catholic churches in Rome Roman Senate
Sant'Adriano al Foro was a church
Church may refer to:
Religion
* Church (building), a place/building for Christian religious activities and praying
* Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination
* Church service, a formalized period of Christian comm ...
in Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
, formerly in the Curia Julia in the ''Forum Romanum
A forum (Latin: ''forum'', "public place outdoors", : ''fora''; English : either ''fora'' or ''forums'') was a public square in a municipium, or any civitas, of Ancient Rome reserved primarily for the vending of goods; i.e., a marketplace, along ...
'' and a cardinal-deaconry (a titular church
In the Catholic Church, a titular church () is a Churches in Rome, church in Rome that is assigned to a member of the Holy orders in the Catholic Church, clergy who is created a Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal. These are Catholic churches in ...
for a Cardinal-deacon
A cardinal is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. Ca ...
).
The church
The Church of Sant'Adriano al Foro (Italian for St. (H)Adrian at the Roman Forum) was a conversion of the Curia Julia, which had housed the Senate of Ancient Rome, by Pope Honorius I
Pope Honorius I (died 12 October 638) was the bishop of Rome from 27 October 625 to his death on 12 October 638. He was active in spreading Christianity among Anglo-Saxons and attempted to convince the Celts to calculate Easter in the Roman fa ...
in 630.
The end of the sixth and the beginning of the seventh century mark for Rome a period of profound decay. The curia had been abandoned until Honorius decided to erect the church.
Its name refers to the martyr Adrian of Nicomedia
Adrian of Nicomedia (also known as Hadrian) or Saint Adrian (, died 4 March 306) was a Herculian Guard of the Roman Emperor Galerius. After becoming a convert to Christianity with his wife Natalia (Ναταλία), Adrian was martyred at Nicome ...
. Paintings are still visible in a side chapel which depict scenes from the life of St. Adrian; there are also some Byzantine paintings. It was designated by Pope Sergius I
Pope Sergius I (8 September 701) was the bishop of Rome from 15 December 687 to his death on 8 September 701, and is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. He was elected at a time when two rivals, Paschal and Theodore, were locked ...
(687-701) as the starting point for the litanies
Litany, in Christian worship and some forms of Jewish worship, is a form of prayer used in services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions. The word comes through Latin ''wikt:litania, litania'' from Ancient Greek wikt:λιτα ...
during certain the procession liturgical feasts of the Virgin Mary, Presentation in the Temple, Annunciation, Assumption and Nativity. Pope Gregory IX
Pope Gregory IX (; born Ugolino di Conti; 1145 – 22 August 1241) was head of the Catholic Church and the ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the '' Decretales'' and instituting the Pa ...
made substantial changes to the building in 1228.
In 1590 the relics of saints Papias and Maurus were rediscovered in the church and transferred to Santa Maria in Vallicella
Santa Maria in Vallicella, also called Chiesa Nuova, is a church in Rome, Italy, which today faces onto the main thoroughfare of the Corso Vittorio Emanuele and the corner of Via della Chiesa Nuova. It is the principal church of the Oratorians ...
. In the 17th century, its large bronze doors were moved by order of Pope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII (; 13 February 159922 May 1667), born Fabio Chigi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 April 1655 to his death, in May 1667.
He began his career as a vice- papal legate, and he held various d ...
to adorn the main portal of the Basilica of St. John Lateran.Lorizzo, Paul. "The Ancient Center of Roman Power", ''Zenit'', May 19 2012/ref>
Reconstruction as Curia Julia
Its structure was modified multiple times before it was deconsecrated in the 1930s to recover the ancient structure of the building. On either side of the entrance are niches corresponding to medieval burials. The painting of the Holy Family, a product of the school of Raphael, was moved to the modern Church of Santa Maria della Mercede (1958), and the dedication to Saint Adrian added to that church.Cardinal deaconry
It was established in 734 as Cardinal Deaconry of S. Adriano al Foro. On 25 January 1946, the title was suppressed to establish the Cardinal Deaconry of S. Paolo alla Regola.Cardinal deacons
The following Cardinals have beenCardinal deacon
A cardinal is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. C ...
s of the Deaconry,Conradus Eubel, ''Hierarchia catholica medii aevi'' II, editio altera (Monasterii 1914), p. 66 (1385-1503). except in special circumstances, which are noted by italics.
* Blessed Berardo dei Marsi (1099 – 1100)
* Matthaeus ( - 1127/1128) (promoted to Cardinal Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli)
* Pierre (1127.12 – 1130), later Pseudocardinal-Priest
A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deity, deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in parti ...
of S. Eusebio (1130 – death 1130?)
* Guido (1130 – 1138?)
* ''Germano (1130.03.29 – ?), pseudocardinal created by Antipope Anacletus II''
* Ubaldo Aucingoli (1138 – May 1141), appointed Cardinal-priest of Santa Prassede
The Basilica of Saint Praxedes (, ), commonly known in Italian as Santa Prassede, is an early medieval titulus (Roman Catholic), titular church and minor basilica located near the papal basilica of Saint Mary Major, on Via di Santa Prassede, Mont ...
* Gilberto hilibertus(1141 – 1143.12.17)
* Giovanni Paparoni (1143.12.17 – 1151.03.02)
* Alberto di Morra (1155.12 – 1158), later Pope Gregory VIII
* Cinzio Papareschi (1158.02 – 1178.09)
* Eutichio (1178.09.22 – 1178?)
* Rainier (1178.09.22 – 1182.08)
* Gerardo (1182 – 1208)
* Angelo (1212.02.18 – 1215.11.29)
* Stefano de Normandis dei Conti (1216 – 1228)
* Goffredo da Trani (1244.05.28 – 1245)
* Ottobono de Fieschi (1251.12 – 1276.07.11), later Pope Adrian V
* Napoleone Orsini (1288.05.16 – 1342.03.23)
* Rinaldo Orsini (1350.12.17 – 1374.06.06)
* Gentile di Sangro (1378.09.18 – 1385.12)
* Ludovico Fieschi (1385.01 – 1423.04.03)
* '' Bonifacio Ammannati (1397.12.21 – death 1399.07.19), pseudo-cardinal created by Antipope Benedict XIII
Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor (25 November 1328 – 23 May 1423), known as () or Pope Luna, was an Aragonese nobleman who was antipope with the regnal name Benedict XIII during the Western Schism.
Early life
Pedro Martínez de Lu ...
''
* Hugues de Lusignan (1426.05.27 – 1431.03.11)
* Stefano Nardini (1473.05.07 – 1476), Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice''
* Giovanni d'Aragona (1477.12.12 – 1480.01.14); promoted Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice'' (1480.01.14 – 1483.09.10)
* Cardinal Giovanni Conti (1485.10.18 – 1489.03.09 ''in commendam'', while Cardinal-Priest
A cardinal is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. ...
of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo (1483.11.15 – 1489.03.09)
* Pierre d'Aubusson
Pierre d'Aubusson (1423 – 3 July 1503) was a List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller, Grand Master of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, and a zealous opponent of the Ottoman Empire.
Pierre probably joined the Knights of Saint John ...
(1489.03.23 – 1503.07.03)
* François Guillaume de Castelnau de Clermont-Lodève (1503.12.06 – 1509.05.02), ''in commendam'' (1509.05.02 – 1511.03.17)
* Bandinello Sauli
Bandinello Sauli (c. 1481 – 28 March 1518) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.
Biography
Bandinello Sauli was born in Genoa, ca. 1481, the son of nobles Pasquale Sauli and Mariola Giustiniani Longhi. .Hyde, Cardinal Bendin ...
(1511.03.17 – 1511.10.24)
* Agostino Trivulzio (1517.07.06 – 1537.08.17); ''in commendam'' 1537.08.17 – 1537.09.06 while transferred as Cardinal-Deacon of S. Eustachio (1537.08.17 – 1537.09.06), finally again Cardinal-Deacon of S. Adriano al Foro (1537.09.06 – 1548.03.30)
* Jean du Bellay (1548.04.09 – 1549.02.25, Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice''
* Odet de Coligny de Châtillon (1549.02.25 – 1563.03.31), became a Protestant, and gave up the Cardinalate and his Deaconry.
* Innico d'Avalos d' Aragona, Military Order of Saint James the Sword (O.S.), (1563.07.30 – 1565.01.19); promoted Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice'' (1480.01.14 – 1483.09.10)
* Fulvio Giulio della Corgna, (O.B.E.) (1567.03.03 – 1574.05.05, Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice''
* Prospero Santacroce (1574.05.05 – 1583.03.04), Cardinal priest ''pro hac vice''
* Andrzej Báthory (1584.07.23 – 1587.01.07)
* Girolamo Mattei (1587.01.14 – 1587.04.20)
* Agostino Cusani (1589.01.09 – 1591.01.14)
* Odoardo Farnese (1591.11.20 – 1595.06.12)
* Francesco Mantica (1596.06.21 – 1597.01.24)
* Giovanni Battista Deti (1599.03.17 – 1599.12.15)
* Alessandro d'Este
Alessandro d'Este (1568–1624) was a Roman Catholic cardinal.
On 3 Apr 1622, he was consecrated bishop by Marco Antonio Gozzadini, Bishop of Recanati with Raffaele Inviziati, Bishop of Cefalonia e Zante, Bishop Emeritus of Cefalonia e Zante, an ...
(1600.04.17 – 1600.11.15)
* Giovanni Doria (1605.12.05 – 1623.10.02)
* Louis de Nogaret de La Valette (1623.11.20 – 1639.09.27)
* Achille d'Estampes de Valençay (1644.05.02 – 1646.06.27)
* Francesco Maidalchini (1647.12.16 – 1653.05.05)
* Decio Azzolini (1654.03.23 – 1668.03.12)
* Carlo Cerri (1670.05.19 – 1690.05.14)
* Giovanni Francesco Albani (1690.05.22 – 1700.03.30) (later Pope Clement XI)
* Pietro Priuli (1706.06.25 – 1720.05.06)
* Alessandro Albani (1721.09.24 – 1722.09.23)
* Giulio Alberoni
Giulio Alberoni (21 May 1664 OS – 26 June NS 1752) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal and statesman in the service of Philip V of Spain.
Early years
He was born near Piacenza on May 21, 1664, probably at the village of Fiorenzuola ...
(1724.06.12 – 1728.09.20)
* Neri Maria Corsini (1731.01.08 – 1737.05.06)
* Marcellino Corio (1739.09.30 – 1742.02.20)
* Girolamo De Bardi (1743.09.23 – 1753.05.28)
* Giovanni Francesco Banchieri (1753.12.10 – 1763.10.18)
* Enea Silvio Piccolomini (1766.12.01 – 1768.11.18)
* Carlo Livizzani Forni (1785.04.11 – 1794.02.21)
* Luigi Gazzoli (1803.09.26 – 1809.01.23)
* Lorenzo Prospero Bottini (1817.11.15 – 1818.08.11)
* Cesare Guerrieri Gonzaga (1819.12.17 – 1832.02.05)
* Giuseppe Ugolini (1838.09.13 – 1855.12.17)
* Camillo Mazzella, Jesuits
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rom ...
(S.J.- (1886.06.10 – 1896.06.22)
* José de Calasanz Félix Santiago Vives y Tutó, O.F.M. Cap. (1899.06.22 – 1913.09.07)
* Evaristo Lucidi
Evaristo Lucidi (4 October 1866 – 31 March 1929) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as secretary of the Apostolic Signatura from 1916 to 1923, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1923.
Biography
Lucidi was born in ...
(1923.12.23 – 1929.03.31)
References
Bibliography
* Michele Dattoli, ''L'aula del Senato Romano e la chiesa di S. Adriano'' (Roma: Maglione & Strini, 1921). * Antonio Nibby, ''Roma nell'anno MDCCCXXXVIII: pte. I-II. Antica'' (Roma: Tipografia delle belle arti, 1839), pp. 27–32.Sources and external links
original pictures of the exterior of the church and its conversion
original picture of the pre-1930 interior of the church {{DEFAULTSORT:Adriano Al Foro, Santo Deconsecrated Roman Catholic churches in Rome Roman Senate