Sanjeev Arora (born January 1968) is an

Indian-American Indian Americans are Americans whose ancestry originates wholly or partly from India. The terms Asian Indian and East Indian are used to avoid confusion with Native Americans in the United States, who are also referred to as "Indians" or "Am ...

theoretical computer scientist who works in AI and Machine learning.

Life

Sanjeev scored the IIT JEE number 1 rank in 1986 He was a visiting scholar at the

Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent scholars, including Albert Ein ...

in 2002–03. In 2008 he was inducted as a Fellow of the

Association for Computing Machinery The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) is a US-based international learned society for computing. It was founded in 1947 and is the world's largest scientific and educational computing society. The ACM is a non-profit professional membe ...

. In 2011 he was awarded th
ACM Infosys Foundation Award
(now renamed ACM Prize in Computing), given to mid-career researchers in Computer Science. He is a two-time recipient of the

Gödel Prize The Gödel Prize is an annual prize for outstanding papers in the area of theoretical computer science, given jointly by the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS) and the Association for Computing Machinery Special Inter ...

(2001 & 2010). Arora has been awarded the

Fulkerson Prize The Fulkerson Prize for outstanding papers in the area of discrete mathematics is sponsored jointly by the Mathematical Optimization Society (MOS) and the American Mathematical Society (AMS). Up to three awards of $1,500 each are presented at e ...

for 2012 for his work on improving the

approximation ratio In computer science and operations research, approximation algorithms are efficient algorithms that find approximate solutions to optimization problems (in particular NP-hard problems) with provable guarantees on the distance of the returned sol ...

for graph separators and related problems from

O(\log n)

O(\sqrt)

(jointly with Satish Rao and Umesh Vazirani). In 2012 he became a

Simons Investigator The Simons Foundation is an American private foundation established in 1994 by Marilyn and James Harris Simons, Jim Simons with offices in New York City. As one of the largest charitable organizations in the United States with assets of over $5 ...

. Arora was elected in 2015 to the

American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and other ...

and in 2018 to the

National Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the ...

. He was a plenary speaker at the 2018

International Congress of Mathematicians The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before ...

. He is a coauthor (with Boaz Barak) of the book ''Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach.'' He was a founder of Princeton's Center for Computational Intractability. He and his coauthors have argued that certain

financial products Financial services are economic services tied to finance provided by financial institutions. Financial services encompass a broad range of service sector activities, especially as concerns financial management and consumer finance. The financ ...

are associated with computational

asymmetry Asymmetry is the absence of, or a violation of, symmetry (the property of an object being invariant to a transformation, such as reflection). Symmetry is an important property of both physical and abstract systems and it may be displayed in pre ...

, which under certain conditions may lead to market instability.Arora, S, Barak, B, Brunnemeier, M 2011 "Computational Complexity and Information Asymmetry in Financial Products" Communications of the ACM, Issue
see FAQ
Since September 2023, he is the founding Director o
Princeton Language and Intelligence
a new unit at Princeton University devoted to study of large AI models and their applications.

Books

References

External links

Sanjeev Arora's Homepage

Sanjeev Arora at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
1968 births Living people Theoretical computer scientists 20th-century Indian mathematicians 20th-century American mathematicians Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars Gödel Prize laureates Princeton University faculty Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Scientists from Rajasthan People from Jodhpur 21st-century Indian mathematicians Simons Investigator Recipients of the ACM Prize in Computing Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences 21st-century American mathematicians American people of Punjabi descent American people of Indian descent {{US-mathematician-stub Indian emigrants to the United States Punjabi people