Sangar (; ) is an urban locality (an

urban-type settlement Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the So ...

) and the

administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...

Kobyaysky District Kobyaysky District (; , ''Kebeeyi uluuha'', ) is an administrativeConstitution of the Sakha Republic, Article 45 and municipalLaw #172-Z #351-III district (raion, or ''ulus''), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is locat ...

of the Sakha Republic, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,377.

Geography

Sangar is located on the right bank of the

Lena River The Lena is a river in the Russian Far East and is the easternmost river of the three great rivers of Siberia which flow into the Arctic Ocean, the others being Ob (river), Ob and Yenisey. The Lena River is long and has a capacious drainage basi ...

, on the opposite bank of the mouth of the Tyugyuene, by road from

Yakutsk Yakutsk ( ) is the capital and largest city of Sakha, Russia, located about south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the ...

, the

capital Capital and its variations may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** Capital region, a metropolitan region containing the capital ** List of national capitals * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Econom ...

of the republic.

Google Earth Google Earth is a web mapping, web and computer program created by Google that renders a 3D computer graphics, 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery. The program maps the Earth by superimposition, superimposing satelli ...

History

It was established in 1928 as a mining settlement. The name originates from the nearby Sangar-Khaya Mountain. On February 10, 1930, the

Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic The Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (; ), also known as Soviet Sakha, Soviet Yakutia or the Yakut ASSR (, ''Yakutskaya ASSR''), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union. History The Yakut ASSR was formed ...

was split into districts (uluses) and Sangar became a part of newly established

Namsky District Namsky District (; , ''Nam uluuha'') is an administrativeConstitution of the Sakha Republic, Article 45 and municipalLaw #172-Z #351-III district (raion, or ''ulus''), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. The district is loca ...

. In 1934, the mine was transferred to the

Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route The Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (), also known as Glavsevmorput or GUSMP (), was a Soviet government organization in charge of the maritime Northern Sea Route, established in January 1932 and dissolved in 1964. History The organiz ...

, which at the time administrated most of the industrial activity in the north of the Soviet Union. Coal from Sangar was transported to

Tiksi Tiksi ( rus, Ти́кси, , ˈtʲiksʲɪ; , ''Tiksii'' – lit. ''a moorage place'') is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Bulunsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the shore of the B ...

on the coast of the

Arctic Ocean The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five oceanic divisions. It spans an area of approximately and is the coldest of the world's oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, ...

and there distributed among various Arctic settlements. On April 20, 1937, Kobyaysky District was established, with the

in the '' selo'' of Kobyay, and Sangar became a part of that district. In 1938, the reconstruction of Sangar, which until that year did not have a hospital or a club, started.

Urban-type settlement Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the So ...

status was granted to it in 1940.''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic'' In 1942, about two hundred of people were deported to exile to Sangar from

Leningrad Oblast Leningrad Oblast (, ; ; ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). The oblast has an area of and a population of 2,000,997 (2021 Russian census, 2021 Census); up from 1,716,868 recorded in the 2010 Russian census ...

. In June 1943, a fatal accident occurred in the mine, and twenty-two miners were killed. In 1956, gas was discovered in the district, and the economy of Sangar started to reorient to gas production and transport. In 1959, the administrative center of the district was moved to Sangar. The mine eventually decayed and in the 1960s was transferred to the local authorities, finally closing down in 1997. Since the mine was providing most of the jobs, more than a half of the population of Sangar migrated and the infrastructure was considerably reduced.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the

of SangarAccording to Article 7 of the Law #77-I, lower-level administrative divisions with the status of a settlement have their administrative centers in an inhabited locality with the status of an urban-type settlement. According to the ''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic'', Sangar is the administrative center of the Settlement of Sangar. serves as the

. As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated within Kobyaysky District as the

Settlement Settlement may refer to: *Human settlement, a community where people live *Settlement (structural), downward movement of a structure's foundation *Settlement (finance), where securities are delivered against payment of money *Settlement (litigatio ...

of Sangar. As a municipal division, the Settlement of Sangar is incorporated within Kobyaysky Municipal District as Sangar Urban Settlement.Law #173-Z #353-III

Economy

Industry

The coal mine was closed down in 1997. Another coal mine is located about from Sangar.

Transportation

There are no all-season roads, and land connections to

are only possible during winter along a

winter road A winter road is a seasonal road only usable during the winter, i.e. it has to be re-built every year. This road typically runs over land and over frozen lakes, rivers, swamps, and sea ice. Segments of a winter road that cross an expanse of flo ...

(''zimnik''). The

is navigable. Sangar has an airport which provides the only regular all-year-round means of transportation.

References

Notes

Sources

*Official website of the Sakha Republic. ''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic''
Kobyaysky District
* *

External links

Unofficial website of Sangar

Another unofficial website of Sangar
{{Use mdy dates, date=July 2013 Urban-type settlements in the Sakha Republic Populated places on the Lena River