Sandar (or historically Sandeherred) is a former municipality in

Vestfold Vestfold () is a county and a current electoral district in Norway. Located on the western shore of the Oslofjord, it borders Buskerud and Telemark counties. The county administration is located in Tønsberg, Norway's oldest city, and the larg ...

county,

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1968. The area is now part of

Sandefjord Municipality Sandefjord () is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the Traditional districts of Norway, traditional district of Vestfold. The administrative centre of the municipality is the Sandefjord ...

. The

administrative centre An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgi ...

was located at Sandar, right by the Sandar Church in what is now the town of Sandefjord. Sandar was located in the southern, coastal part of

county. The

European route E18 European route E18 runs between Craigavon, County Armagh, Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about in length. Although the designation implies the ...

highway and the Vestfoldbanen railway line both passed through the municipality. The municipality encircled the whole town of Sandefjord until 1968 when they were merged.

History

The

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...

of ''Sandeherred'' (later spelled ''Sandar'') was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see

formannskapsdistrikt () was the name of a Norwegian self-governing municipality. The name was used from the establishment these municipalities in 1838 until the name fell out of use in 1863. The municipalities had their legal basis from two laws enacted on 14 Jan ...

law). The original municipality encircled the growing town of Sandefjord. On 1 January 1889, an area of Sandeherred (population: 318) was

annexed Annexation, in international law, is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory. In current international law, it is generally held to ...

and became part of the town of Sandefjord. In 1931, another area of Sandeherred (population: 66) was transferred to the town of Sandefjord. In 1950, another area of Sandar (population: 226) was transferred to the town of Sandefjord. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the

Schei Committee The Schei Committee () was a committee named by the Government of Norway to look into the organization of municipalities in Norway post-World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a ...

. On 1 January 1968, Sandar Municipality (population: 24,898) was merged with the neighboring town of Sandefjord (population: 6,242) to form a new, larger

. During its existence, Sandar was basically the rural area surrounding an urban town. It had its share of industry, mostly located close to the town border. Many famous corporations now associated with Sandefjord had their origins in Sandar including Jotun, Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted and Sandar Fabrikker (a chemical plant dedicated to refining whale oil).

Name

The municipality (originally the

) was originally named ''Sandeherred''. The name came from the old ''Sande'' farm () since the first Sandar Church was built there. The first element is the

plural In many languages, a plural (sometimes list of glossing abbreviations, abbreviated as pl., pl, , or ), is one of the values of the grammatical number, grammatical category of number. The plural of a noun typically denotes a quantity greater than ...

form of which means "

sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is usually defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural ...

" or " sandbanks". The last element was added later. It was derived from the old word which means "district" or "municipality". Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled ''Sandeherred''. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to ''Sandeherad''. On 13 March 1931, a royal resolution changed the name of the municipality to ''Sandar'', the original

Old Norse Old Norse, also referred to as Old Nordic or Old Scandinavian, was a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants ...

name for the old farm.

Government

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for

primary education Primary education is the first stage of Education, formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary education. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first schools and middle s ...

(through 10th grade), outpatient

health services Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

senior citizen Old age is the range of ages for people nearing and surpassing life expectancy. People who are of old age are also referred to as: old people, elderly, elders, senior citizens, seniors or older adults. Old age is not a definite biological sta ...

services,

unemployment Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is the proportion of people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work du ...

social services Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. Also available amachine-converted HTML They may be provided by individuals, private and i ...

zoning In urban planning, zoning is a method in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into land-use "zones", each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for ...

economic development In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ...

, and municipal

road A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. Th ...

s. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a

municipal council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough cou ...

of directly elected representatives. The

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

was

indirectly elected An indirect election or ''hierarchical voting,'' is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office ( direct voting system), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the o ...

by a vote of the municipal council.

Mayors

The

mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

() of Sandar: * 1838–1839: Anders Haraldsen Sverstad * 1840–1841: Erland Erlandsen Orerød * 1842–1859: Peder Hansen Holtan * 1860–1863: Brynnil Haraldsen Hotvet * 1864–1878: Henrik Klaveness * 1878–1881: Thor Bryn * 1882–1892: Olaus Klaveness ( V) * 1892–1893: Oluf Joberg ( V) * 1893–1897: Olaus Klaveness ( V) * 1898–1907: Fredrik Enge ( V) * 1908–1913: Julius From ( H) * 1914–1919: Johan L. Tønnesson ( V) * 1920–1928: Johan Rasmussen ( H) * 1929–1931: Lars Klaveness ( H) * 1932–1937: P. Irgens Odberg ( H) * 1938–1940: Haldor Virik ( H) * 1941-1941: Kristian Laug ( V) * 1941–1945: Ole Kristian Holtan ( NS) * 1945–1947: Haldor Virik ( H) * 1948–1957: Egill Thoresen ( H) * 1958-1959: Kristoffer Kalleberg ( Ap) * 1960–1963: Bjarne Vangstein ( H) * 1964–1967: Einar Abrahamsen ( H)

Municipal council

The

of Sandar was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political

party A party is a gathering of people who have been invited by a Hospitality, host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, recreation, or as part of a festival or other commemoration or celebration of a special occasion. A party will oft ...

References