Sancho Ramírez ( 1042 – 4 June 1094) was
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
from 1063 until 1094 and
King of Pamplona
The Kingdom of Navarre ( ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay), between present-day Spain and France.
The me ...
from 1076 under the name of Sancho V (). He was the eldest son of
Ramiro I and
Ermesinda of Bigorre. His father was the first king of Aragon and an illegitimate son of
Sancho III of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés III ( 992–996 – 18 October 1035), also known as Sancho the Great (, ), was the Kingdom of Pamplona, King of Pamplona from 1004 until his death in 1035. He also ruled the County of Aragon and by marriage the counties of County o ...
. He inherited the Aragonese crown from his father in 1063.
[Vicente Salas Merino, ''La Genealogía de los Reyes de España'', (Visionnet, 2007), 220.] Sancho Ramírez was chosen king of Pamplona by Navarrese noblemen after
Sancho IV was murdered by his siblings.
Biography
Sancho Ramírez succeeded his father as second
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
in 1063.
Between 1067 and 1068, the
War of the Three Sanchos involved him in a conflict with his first cousins, both also named Sancho:
Sancho IV the
king of Navarre
This is a list of the kings and queens of kingdom of Pamplona, Pamplona, later kingdom of Navarre, Navarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union with Kingdom of Aragon, Aragon (1076–1134). However, the territorial desig ...
and
Sancho II the
king of Castile
This is a list of kings regnant and queens regnant of the Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom and Crown of Castile. For their predecessors, see List of Castilian counts.
Kings and Queens of Castile
Jiménez dynasty
House of Ivrea / Burgundy
...
, respectively. The Castilian Sancho was trying to retake
Bureba and
Alta Rioja, which his father had given away to the king of Navarre and failed to retake. The Navarrese Sancho begged the aid of the Aragonese Sancho to defend his kingdom. Sancho of Castile defeated the two cousins and retook both Bureba and Alta Rioja, as well as
Álava
Álava () or Araba (), officially Araba/Álava, is a Provinces of Spain, province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country, heir of the ancient Basque señoríos#Lords of Álava, Lordship ...
.
Sancho Ramírez followed his father's practice, not using the royal title early in his reign even though his state had become fully independent. This changed in 1076, when
Sancho IV of Navarre
Sancho Garcés IV (; 1039 – 4 June 1076),Sancho IV, ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. nicknamed Sancho of Peñalén (, ) was King of Pamplona from 1054 until his death. He was the eldest son of García Sánchez III and his wife, Stephanie, and ...
was murdered by his own siblings, thus prompting a succession crisis in this neighboring kingdom that represented Aragon's nominal overlord. At first, the murdered king's young son, García, who had fled to
Castile, was recognized as titular king by
Alfonso VI, while Sancho Ramírez recruited to his side noblemen of Navarre who resented their kingdom falling under Alfonso's influence. The crisis was resolved by partition. Sancho Ramírez was elected King of Navarre, while he ceded previously contested western provinces of the kingdom to Alfonso. From this time, Sancho referred to himself as king not only of Aragon but also Navarre.
Sancho
conquered Barbastro in 1064,
Graus
Graus () is a village in the Spanish province of Huesca, located in the Pyrenees at the confluence of rivers Esera and Isabena. It is the administrative capital of the region. It is one of the areas of Aragon in which is still preserved the Ara ...
in 1083, and
Monzón in 1089. He was defeated by
El Cid
Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar ( – 10 July 1099) was a Castilian knight and ruler in medieval Spain. Fighting both with Christian and Muslim armies during his lifetime, he earned the Arabic honorific ("the Lord" or "the Master"), which would evolve i ...
, who was raiding his lands and those of his Muslim allies, at the
Battle of Morella, probably in 1084. He perished in 1094 at the battle of Huesca.
Sancho contracted his first marriage in , to
Isabella (died ), daughter of Count
Armengol III of Urgel. They were divorced 1071. His second marriage, in 1076, was with
Felicia (died 3 May 1123), daughter of
Hilduin IV, Count of Montdidier. A third marriage—to
Philippa of Toulouse—is sometimes given, but contemporary evidence records him as still married to Felicia at the time of his death. He was father of four sons: by Isabella, he had
Peter
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a su ...
, his successor; by Felicia he had Ferdinand, who was alive in 1086 but died within the next decade,
Alfonso
Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic Kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula. I ...
, who succeeded Peter, and
Ramiro
Ramiro is a Spanish and Portuguese name from the latinisation of the Gothic given name *𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐍂 (*Ranamir). Notable people with the name include:
Given name
* Ramiro I of Asturias (c. 790–850), king of Asturias
* Ramiro ...
, who succeeded Alfonso.
Marriage and family
Sancho Ramírez married
Isabella of Urgell
Isabella of Urgel (Aragonese: ''Isabel d'Urchel''; died 1071) was Queen of Aragon; the only daughter of Ermengol III, Count of Urgell by his first wife Adelaide of Besalú.
Isabella is mentioned in her brother Ermengol IV, Count of Urgell, Ermengo ...
, daughter of
Ermengol III,
Count of Urgell
This is a list of the counts of Urgell, a county of the Principality of Catalonia in the 10th through 13th centuries.
{{circa, 798–870 Counts appointed by the Carolingians
*798–820 Borrell, count of Urgell and Cerdanya
*820–824 Aznar ...
around the year 1062. They had one known child:
*
Peter
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a su ...
(c. 1068 – 1104), known as "the Catholic", who ruled as
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
and
Pamplona
Pamplona (; ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Navarre, Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain.
Lying at near above sea level, the city (and the wider Cuenca de Pamplona) is located on the flood pl ...
from 1094 until 1104. Peter married
Agnes of Aquitaine.
Sancho Ramírez remarried around 1071 with
Felicia of Roucy, daughter of
Hilduin IV, Count of Montdidier. They had three children:
* Fernando Sánchez (1071 – 1094)
[Lema Pueyo (2008:48)]
*
Alfonso Sánchez ( 1073 – 1134), known as "the Battler",
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
and
Pamplona
Pamplona (; ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Navarre, Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain.
Lying at near above sea level, the city (and the wider Cuenca de Pamplona) is located on the flood pl ...
from 1104 until 1134. He married
Urraca of León Urraca (also spelled ''Hurraca'', ''Urracha'' and ''Hurracka'' in medieval Latin) is a female first name. In Spanish, the name means magpie, derived perhaps from Latin ''furax'', meaning "thievish", in reference to the magpie's tendency to collect ...
,
Queen of León,
Castile and
Galicia. Their marriage was annulled in 1112.
*
Ramiro Sánchez (1086 – 1157), known as "the Monk",
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
between 1134 and 1157, and married to
Agnes of Aquitaine in her second marriage after Viscount of Thouars, Aimery V.
References
Bibliography
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramirez, Sancho, King Of Aragon And Navarre
1040s births
Year of birth uncertain
1094 deaths
11th-century Aragonese monarchs
11th-century Navarrese monarchs
Place of birth missing
Burials at the Monastery of San Juan de la Peña
11th-century people from the Kingdom of Pamplona