San Isidro, officially the Municipality of San Isidro (,

Kapampangan Kapampangan, Capampañgan or Pampangan may refer to: *Kapampangan people, of the Philippines *Kapampangan language Kapampangan, Capampáñgan, or Pampangan, is an Austronesian language, and one of the eight major languages of the Philippines. ...

: ''Balen ning San Isidro''), is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

in the

province A province is an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman , which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

Nueva Ecija Nueva Ecija, officially the Province of Nueva Ecija ( ; ; ; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is the city of Palayan, while Cabanatuan, its former capital, is the largest Local gove ...

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 54,372 people. San Isidro became the

capital of the Philippines This is an overview of current and former national capital cities in the Philippines, spanning from the Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish colonial period to the current History of the Philippines (1986–present), Fifth Philippine R ...

during the

First Philippine Republic The Philippine Republic (), now officially remembered as the First Philippine Republic and also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was a state established in Malolos, Bulacan, during the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish ...

when President

Emilio Aguinaldo Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (: March 22, 1869February 6, 1964) was a Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who became the first List of presidents of the Philippines, president of the Philippines (1899–1901), and the first pre ...

was moving north to avoid being captured by American forces. This municipality also has the first high school in the Philippines outside Manila

History

San Isidro, along with its origin

Gapan Gapan , officially the City of Gapan (, Ilocano: ''Siudad ti Gapan'', Kapampangan: ''Ciudad/Lakanbalen ning Gapan''), is a component city in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 1 ...

, Aliaga, Cabiao, and

San Antonio San Antonio ( ; Spanish for " Saint Anthony") is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in Greater San Antonio. San Antonio is the third-largest metropolitan area in Texas and the 24th-largest metropolitan area in the ...

were parts of

Pampanga Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga (; ; ), is a province in Central Luzon in the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac to the north, Nueva Ecija to the northeast, Bulacan to the east, ...

until they were transferred to Nueva Ecija in 1848. It served as the capital of

from 1852 to 1912. After the first cry against the Spanish colonial government was made in 1896, there were 2,000 revolutionary soldiers under General Mariano Llanera who besieged San Isidro. On March 29, 1899, General

declared San Isidro as the

after the revolutionary capital

Malolos Malolos , officially the City of Malolos (), is a component city and capital of the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 261,189 people. It is the capital city of the province of Bulacan as the ...

Bulacan Bulacan, officially the Province of Bulacan (; ; ; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon Regions of the Philippines, region. Its capital is the city of Malolos. Bulacan was established on ...

was captured by the Americans. However, this was short-lived. General

Frederick Funston Frederick Funston (November 9, 1865 – February 19, 1917), also known as Fighting Fred Funston, was a General officer, general in the United States Army, best known for his roles in the Spanish–American War and the Philippine–American ...

planned the capture of Aguinaldo to end the

Philippine–American War The Philippine–American War, known alternatively as the Philippine Insurrection, Filipino–American War, or Tagalog Insurgency, emerged following the conclusion of the Spanish–American War in December 1898 when the United States annexed th ...

in San Isidro. The Wright Institute, established in 1903 in San Isidro, was the first high school established outside

Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...

during the American period. The town was occupied by Japanese troops in 1942, during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. The combined U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth ground forces liberated San Isidro and defeated the Japanese forces in 1945.

Contemporary period

On September 11, 1989, Mayor Enrique Lorenzo was on his way back from Manila with his wife Aurora, their driver, and one of their security personnel when they were ambushed by four gunmen along the Sta. Mesa Bridge. Aurora and two other companions died from their gunshot wounds while Mayor Lorenzo survived the attempted assassination with only his left shoulder wounded.

Geography

The municipality is bounded by

to the east, the municipalities of San Leonardo and Jaen to the north,

to the west, Cabiao to the south-west, San Miguel, Bulacan, to the southeast and Candaba, Pampanga, to the south. It is from

Cabanatuan Cabanatuan, officially the City of Cabanatuan (; ; kapampangan language, Kapampangan: ''Lakanbalen/Ciudad ning Cabanatuan''), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Acco ...

, from Palayan, and from

Barangays

San Isidro is divided into nine

barangay The barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as ''barrio'', is the smallest Administrative divisions of the Philippines, administrative division in the Philippines. Named after the Precolonial barangay, precolonial po ...

s, as shown below. Each barangay consists of

purok A ''purok'' () is an informal division within a barangay in the Philippines. While not officially considered a local government unit (LGU), a ''purok'' often serves as a unit for delivering services and administration within a barangay. ''Pur ...

s and some have

sitios A ''sitio'' (Spanish language, Spanish for "site") in the Philippines is a territorial enclave that forms part of a barangay. Typically rural, a ''sitios location is usually far from the center of the barangay itself and could be its own bar ...

. *Alua *Calaba *Malapit *Mangga *Poblacion *Pulo *San Roque *Santo Cristo *Tabon

Climate

Demographics

Religion

Majority of populace is Roman Catholic. Other religious groups have churches and places of worship.

Economy

Primarily depends on rice & vegetable farming, poultry and piggery. As of 2017, based on

Commission on Audit of the Philippines The Commission on Audit (COA; ) is an independent constitutional commission established by the Constitution of the Philippines. It has the primary function to examine, audit and settle all accounts and expenditures of the funds and properties ...

, San Isidro reached their income of ; assets of ; liabilities of and allotments of .

Tourism

*Carron Dreampark is an amusement and theme park in Barangay Santo Cristo, and was opened on November 17, 2012. *JF Sports Complex & Resort in Barangay Poblacion. *YES Cookery in Barangay Poblacion

Education

* Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, San Isidro Campus: started as a vocational course at the Wright Institute in San Isidro, Nueva Ecija where young Filipinos were trained in woodworking and basic telegraphy. This vocational course lasted until S.Y. 1927-1928 when the general secondary education course was transferred to Cabanatuan. On June 9, 1929, the school was renamed Nueva Ecija Trade School (NETS) in accordance with Vocational Education Act 3377 of 1929. The NETS was based in San Isidro, Nueva Ecija, offering vocational opportunities to the youth of the province. The first and only vocational course being offered then was woodworking. That course was an addition to the existing secondary curriculum inherited from the Wright Institute. *General de Jesus College: formerly known as General de Jesus Academy, is a private school located in the Poblacion, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija, the Philippines. It was founded in 1946. *Holy Rosary Colleges Foundation: private school at Calaba, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija.

Gallery

References

External links

San Isidro Official Website
* Philippine Standard Geographic Codebr>Philippine Census InformationLocal Governance Performance Management System
{{Authority control Former provincial capitals of the Philippines Municipalities of Nueva Ecija Populated places on the Pampanga River