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Saint Veronica, also known as ''Berenike'', was a widow from Jerusalem who lived in the 1st century AD, according to extra-biblical Christian traditions. Apocryphal texts relate how Veronica was moved with sympathy seeing Christ Carrying the Cross , Jesus carrying the cross to Calvary and gave him her veil so that he could wipe his forehead. Jesus accepted the offer, and when he returned the veil the Holy Face of Jesus, image of his face was miraculously captured on it. The resulting relic became known as the Veil of Veronica.
The story of Veronica is celebrated in the sixth Stations of the Cross, Station of the Cross in Anglican, Catholic Church, Catholic, and Western Orthodox churches. A celebrated saint in many pious Christianity by country, Christian countries, the 17th-century ''Acta Sanctorum'' published by the Bollandists listed her feast under July 12, but the German Jesuit scholar Joseph Braun cited her commemoration in ''Festi Marianni'' on January 13.
At some point a relic became associated with the story. Pedro Tafur, a Spanish knight visiting Rome in 1436, describes the following in the Church of St. Peter in his 1454 travel account:
However, he does not say specifically that he witnessed for himself this exhibition of the relic.
Some academic sources suggest a different origin for the legend of St. Veronica: that the cloth bearing an image of Jesus's face was known in Latin as the ''vera icon'' ("true image"), and that this name for the relic was misinterpreted as the name of a saint. The ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' of 1913 writes:
The reference to Abgar is related to a similar legend in the Eastern Christianity, Eastern Church, the Image of Edessa or Mandylion.
The ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' says this about the legend:
Veronica was mentioned in the reported visions of Jesus and Mary, visions of Jesus by Marie of St Peter, a Carmelites, Carmelite nun who lived in Tours, France, and started the Catholic devotions, devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus. In 1844, Sister Marie reported that in a vision, she saw Veronica wiping away the spit and mud from the face of Jesus with her veil on the way to Calvary. She said that sacrilegious and blasphemous acts today are adding to the spit and mud that Veronica wiped away that day. According to Marie of St Peter, in her visions, Jesus told her that he desired devotion to His Holy Face in reparation (legal), reparation for sacrilege and blasphemy. Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ are thus compared to Veronica wiping the face of Jesus.
The Devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus was eventually approved by Pope Leo XIII in 1885. Veronica is commemorated on 12 July.
File:Mattia Preti - Santa Veronica con il velo.jpg, ''Saint Veronica with the Veil'', Mattia Preti
File:La Verónica (Strozzi).jpg, ''Saint Veronica'' by Bernardo Strozzi
File:Cristo con la Cruz a cuestas, encuentra a la Verónica (Museo del Prado).jpg, ''Christ with the Cross on his back, encountering Veronica'', Antonio Fernández Arias, Antonio Arias Fernández
File:La Verónica, Ángel María Cortellini Hernández.jpg, ''Saint Veronica'' by Ángel María Cortellini, Ángel María Cortellini Hernández
File:La Verónica mostrando la Santa Faz a la Virgen y San Juan (Museo del Prado).jpg, ''Veronica showing the Holy Face to the Virgin and Saint John'', 1864, by Juan Antonio Vera Calvo
File:Giovanni Cariani - Road to Calvary with Veronica's Veil - WGA04215.jpg, ''Road to Calvary with Veronica's Veil'', Giovanni Cariani
File:Saint Veronica by Rupert Bunny (c, 1902).jpg, ''Saint Veronica'', 1902 by Rupert Bunny
File:Kemptener Kreuzigung.jpg, ''Kempten Crucifixion'', 1475 by unknown artist
File:Gaspar de Crayer (1582-1669) Veronica en de kruisdraging van Christus - Sint-Janskerk (Mechelen) 13-09-2018.jpg, ''Veronica and the Carrying of Christ'', Gaspar de Crayer
Background
There is no reference to the story of Veronica and her veil in the canonical gospels. The closest is Jesus healing the bleeding woman, the miracle of the unnamed woman who was healed by touching the hem of Jesus’s garment. The apocryphal Gospel of Nicodemus gives her name as Berenikē or Beronike (). The name Veronica is a Latinisation of this ancient Macedonian language, ancient Macedonian name. The story was later elaborated in the 11th century by adding that Christ gave her a portrait of himself on a cloth, with which she later cured the Emperor Tiberius. The linking of this with the bearing of the cross in the Passion occurs only around 1380 in the internationally popular book ''Meditations on the Life of Christ''.
At some point a relic became associated with the story. Pedro Tafur, a Spanish knight visiting Rome in 1436, describes the following in the Church of St. Peter in his 1454 travel account:
However, he does not say specifically that he witnessed for himself this exhibition of the relic.
Some academic sources suggest a different origin for the legend of St. Veronica: that the cloth bearing an image of Jesus's face was known in Latin as the ''vera icon'' ("true image"), and that this name for the relic was misinterpreted as the name of a saint. The ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' of 1913 writes:
The reference to Abgar is related to a similar legend in the Eastern Christianity, Eastern Church, the Image of Edessa or Mandylion.
The ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' says this about the legend:
Veronica was mentioned in the reported visions of Jesus and Mary, visions of Jesus by Marie of St Peter, a Carmelites, Carmelite nun who lived in Tours, France, and started the Catholic devotions, devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus. In 1844, Sister Marie reported that in a vision, she saw Veronica wiping away the spit and mud from the face of Jesus with her veil on the way to Calvary. She said that sacrilegious and blasphemous acts today are adding to the spit and mud that Veronica wiped away that day. According to Marie of St Peter, in her visions, Jesus told her that he desired devotion to His Holy Face in reparation (legal), reparation for sacrilege and blasphemy. Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ are thus compared to Veronica wiping the face of Jesus.
The Devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus was eventually approved by Pope Leo XIII in 1885. Veronica is commemorated on 12 July.
Official patronage
Saint Veronica is the patron of the French Mulquinerie, mulquiniers whose representations they celebrated semi-annually (summer and winter) as in many pious Christianity by country, Christian countries. She is also the patron saint of photographers, and laundry workers.Gallery
See also
* Acheiropoieta * Women at the crucifixion * Jesus healing the bleeding woman * List of names for the biblical nameless * Relics associated with Jesus * Scapular of the Holy Face * Veil of Veronica, Veronica's Veil * s:Bible (King James)/Matthew#Chapter 9, Matthew 9 * s:Bible (King James)/Mark#Chapter 5, Mark 5References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Veronica 1st-century births 1st-century Christian female saints 1st-century deaths Saints from the Holy Land Stations of the Cross Veil of Veronica