Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière
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Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière (; ) is a commune in the
Dordogne Dordogne ( , or ; ; ) is a large rural departments of France, department in south west France, with its Prefectures in France, prefecture in Périgueux. Located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region roughly half-way between the Loire Valley and ...
department in
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine () is the largest Regions of France, administrative region in France by area, spanning the west and southwest of Metropolitan France. The region was created in 2014 by the merging of Aquitaine, Limousin, and Poitou-Charentes ...
in southwestern France. It forms part of the
Parc naturel régional Périgord Limousin The Parc naturel régional Périgord Limousin (, "Périgord Limousin Regional Natural Park") was created March 9, 1998. It consists of 78 communes situated in the Dordogne and Haute Vienne départements. The park has a surface area of 1,800 square ...
.


Etymology

The Occitan is derived from ''Saint Pardulphus'' (), means 'the river', i.e. the
Dronne The Dronne (, also , ; ) is a long river in southwestern France, right tributary of the Isle, which itself is a tributary of the Dordogne. The source of the Dronne is in the north-western Massif Central, east of the town of Châlus (south-wes ...
.


Geography

Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière is surrounded by the following communes: *
Champs-Romain Champs-Romain (; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Population See also *Communes of the Dordogne department The following is a list of the 503 communes of the Dordogne department o ...
in the north. * Saint-Saud-Lacoussière in the northeast. *
Milhac-de-Nontron Milhac-de-Nontron (, literally ''Milhac of Nontron''; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Population See also *Communes of the Dordogne department The following is a list of the 503 co ...
in the southeast. * Saint-Front-la-Rivière in the south. * Sceau-Saint-Angel in the west. *
Nontron Nontron (; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. History The name Nontron probably derives from the Gallo-Roman personal name ''Nantironius''. Over time, the placename has been spelt Natadun, ...
in the northwest. * Savignac-de-Nontron in the northwest (the communes only touch at a single point). Besides the village center the commune of Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière comprises the following hamlets: ''Beaumont'', ''Bon Ombre'', ''Bordessoule'', ''Bos-Brûlat'', ''Brande'', ''Brin'', ''Chaumeille'', ''Chez Bathe'', ''Chez Boissard'', ''Chez Boutard'', ''Chez Neymard'', ''Jamaye'', ''La Briderie'', ''La Dorie'', ''La Font du Prince'', ''La Grange'', ''La Nanotte'', ''La Plassade'', ''Langlade'', ''Lapeyronnie'', ''Le Buisson'', ''Le Châtenet'', ''Le Clos'', ''Le Couvent'', ''Le Maine'', ''Le Mandereau'', ''Le Queyroi'', ''Le Petit Villars'', ''Les Batisses'', ''Les Combes'', ''Les Granges'', ''Les Rebières'', ''Les Roches'', ''Lescure'', ''Maliba'', ''Négrecombe'', ''Neuil'', ''Noujarède'', ''Puy d'Arnac'', and ''Puypelat''. The commune's territory is traversed roughly centrally by the River
Dronne The Dronne (, also , ; ) is a long river in southwestern France, right tributary of the Isle, which itself is a tributary of the Dordogne. The source of the Dronne is in the north-western Massif Central, east of the town of Châlus (south-wes ...
. The northern boundary to Champs-Romain is formed by the river, which is occupying a narrow canyon. After initially following a southwesterly direction it then swings to the south. Before reaching the village the valley widens. Alongside a ford over the river Saint-Pardoux was founded. A right tributary of the Dronne, the ''Ruisseau de Lachenaud'', forms the western continuation of the northern boundary to Champs-Romain. Its course is directed to the southeast. Near the center of Saint-Pardoux the Dronne receives a left tributary, the ''Ruisseau de Chantres''. The topographically lowest point in the commune with 132 meters above sea level is situated at the southern exit of the Dronne near ''Jamaye'', the highest point with 332 meters above sea level near ''Bos Brûlat'' in the very northeastern corner.


Geology

The commune's territory is divided into two contrasting domains by two crossing
fault lines In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements. Large faults within Earth's crust result from the action of plate tectonic f ...
(N 065 and N 160). To the north and east of these faults one encounters the
Variscan The Variscan orogeny, or Hercynian orogeny, was a geologic mountain-building event caused by Late Paleozoic continental collision between Euramerica (Laurussia) and Gondwana to form the supercontinent of Pangaea. Nomenclature The name ''Variscan ...
basement rocks of the northwestern Massif Central, which also stand out topographically. The southern lowlands around the village center are occupied by
sediment Sediment is a solid material that is transported to a new location where it is deposited. It occurs naturally and, through the processes of weathering and erosion, is broken down and subsequently sediment transport, transported by the action of ...
s of the northern
Aquitaine Basin The Aquitaine Basin is the second largest Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basin in France after the Paris Basin, occupying a large part of the country's southwestern quadrant. Its surface area covers 66,000 km2 onshore. It formed on Varisca ...
. Along the border faults the basement rocks were raised relative to the sedimentary cover. The oldest unit of the basement rocks are
Neoproterozoic The Neoproterozoic Era is the last of the three geologic eras of the Proterozoic geologic eon, eon, spanning from 1 billion to 538.8 million years ago, and is the last era of the Precambrian "supereon". It is preceded by the Mesoproterozoic era an ...
mica schist Schist ( ) is a medium-grained metamorphic rock generally derived from fine-grained sedimentary rock, like shale. It shows pronounced ''schistosity'' (named for the rock). This means that the rock is composed of mineral grains easily seen with a l ...
of the Parautochthonous Mica schist Unit (''PMU''). They can be seen in the east near ''Chantres'' and ''Le Châtenet''. They were intruded during the
Pennsylvanian Pennsylvanian may refer to: * A person or thing from Pennsylvania * Pennsylvanian (geology) The Pennsylvanian ( , also known as Upper Carboniferous or Late Carboniferous) is, on the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timesc ...
by the Saint-Mathieu Leucogranite. The
leucogranite Leucogranite is a light-colored, granitic, igneous rock containing almost no dark minerals. Leucogranites have been reported from a variety of orogenies involving continental collisions. Examples include the Black Hills (Trans-Hudson orogeny ...
crops out in the upper reaches of the Dronne valley. To the north of the N 065-striking fault the basement rocks consist of
Plagioclase Plagioclase ( ) is a series of Silicate minerals#Tectosilicates, tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group. Rather than referring to a particular mineral with a specific chemical composition, plagioclase is a continu ...
-bearing
paragneiss Gneiss (pronounced ) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under p ...
es. In some places these are intruded by small
granodiorite Granodiorite ( ) is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar. The term banatite is sometimes used informally for various rocks ranging from gra ...
bodies belonging to the
Piégut-Pluviers Granodiorite The Piégut-Pluviers Granodiorite is situated at the northwestern edge of the Variscan Massif Central in France. Its cooling age has been determined as 325 ± 14 million years BP (Mississippian age, Upper Mississippian, Serpukhovian). Geographical ...
or by leptynites of
Ordovician The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era, and the second of twelve periods of the Phanerozoic Eon (geology), Eon. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years f ...
age. The flat-lying sediments surrounding the village center are mainly of
Jurassic The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 143.1 Mya. ...
age and comprise Lias as well as Dogger
limestone Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
s. The Lias is composed of
Hettangian The Hettangian is the earliest age and lowest stage of the Jurassic Period of the geologic timescale. It spans the time between 201.3 ± 0.2 Ma and 199.3 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Hettangian follows the Rhaetian (part of the Triass ...
(
sandstone Sandstone is a Clastic rock#Sedimentary clastic rocks, clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of grain size, sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate mineral, silicate grains, Cementation (geology), cemented together by another mineral. Sand ...
s, coarse sandstones and conglomerates),
Sinemurian In the geologic timescale, the Sinemurian is an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Early Jurassic, Early or Lower Jurassic epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), Series. It spans the time between 199.5 ±0.3 annu ...
( oolithic limestones, sometimes
dolomitic Dolomite () is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite (see Dolomite (rock)). An alternative name sometimes ...
) and
Toarcian The Toarcian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS' geologic timescale, an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Early Jurassic, Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 184.2 Megaannum, Ma (million ...
(
claystone Mudrocks are a class of fine-grained siliciclastic sedimentary rocks. The varying types of mudrocks include siltstone, claystone, mudstone and shale. Most of the particles of which the stone is composed are less than and are too small to ...
s and grey
marl Marl is an earthy material rich in carbonate minerals, Clay minerals, clays, and silt. When Lithification, hardened into rock, this becomes marlstone. It is formed in marine or freshwater environments, often through the activities of algae. M ...
s). Near the border faults the Lias can be
silicified In geology, silicification is a process in which silica-rich fluids seep into the voids of Earth materials, e.g., rocks, wood, bones, shells, and replace the original materials with silica (SiO2). Silica is a naturally existing and abundant com ...
. The Toarcian clays were once quarried by a (now redundant) tile factory. The Dogger consists of cryptocrystalline limestones, bioclastic limestones and oolithic limestones spanning the period Upper Bajocian and
Bathonian In the geologic timescale the Bathonian is an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 168.2 ±1.2 annum, Ma to around 165.3 ±1.1 Ma (million years ago). The Bathonian Age succeeds ...
. Close to the border faults crop out the so-called (iron-rich, reddish, clayey
sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is usually defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural ...
s) and solidified, conglomeratic
alluvial deposits Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...
. Both formations are most likely of
Eocene The Eocene ( ) is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes ...
age. All the aforementioned sedimentary units can be covered by
colluvial Colluvium (also colluvial material or colluvial soil) is a general name for loose, unconsolidated sediments that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by either rainwash, sheetwash, slow continuous downslope creep, or a variable combina ...
gravel Gravel () is a loose aggregation of rock fragments. Gravel occurs naturally on Earth as a result of sedimentation, sedimentary and erosion, erosive geological processes; it is also produced in large quantities commercially as crushed stone. Gr ...
s of
Pleistocene The Pleistocene ( ; referred to colloquially as the ''ice age, Ice Age'') is the geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fin ...
age. In the Dronne valley gravelly terrasses belonging to the
Mindel stage The Mindel glaciation (, also ''Mindel-Glazial'', ''Mindel-Komplex'' or, colloquially, ''Mindel-Eiszeit'') is the third youngest glacial stage in the Alps. Its name was coined by Albrecht Penck and Eduard Brückner, who named it after the Swabian ...
and the
Würm stage Wurm or Würm may refer to: Places * Wurm (Rur), a river in North Rhine-Westphalia in western Germany * Würm (Amper), a river in Bavaria, southeastern Germany ** Würm glaciation, an Alpine ice age, named after the Bavarian river * Würm (Nagold ...
can be observed. Limestone debris mantelling certain hill slopes is due to gelifraction processes during the last
ice age An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Earth's climate alternates between ice ages, and g ...
. Worth mentioning are certain
mineral In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid substance with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. (2011): Mi ...
occurrences like
silver Silver is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ag () and atomic number 47. A soft, whitish-gray, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. ...
-bearing
galena Galena, also called lead glance, is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulfide (PbS). It is the most important ore of lead and an important source of silver. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crysta ...
in the paragneisses or
baryte Baryte, barite or barytes ( or ) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate (Ba S O4). Baryte is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of the element barium. The ''baryte group'' consists of baryte, celestine (strontium sulfate), ...
mainly within the Lias. Occasional
tourmaline Tourmaline ( ) is a crystalline silicate mineral, silicate mineral group in which boron is chemical compound, compounded with chemical element, elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. This gemstone comes in a ...
can also be found in the paragneisses.
Manganese Manganese is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese was first isolated in the 1770s. It is a transition m ...
(manganese dioxide) associated with
nontronite Nontronite is the iron(III) rich member of the smectite group of clay minerals. Nontronites typically have a chemical composition consisting of more than ~30% Fe2 O3 and less than ~12% Al2O3 (ignited basis). Nontronite has very few economic dep ...
was once mined near ''Le Mandereau''. The Neuil mine, situated in the paragneisses, contains apart from galena and baryte the minerals
chalcopyrite Chalcopyrite ( ) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a Mohs scale, hardness of 3.5 to 4 ...
,
gypsum Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate Hydrate, dihydrate, with the chemical formula . It is widely mined and is used as a fertilizer and as the main constituent in many forms of plaster, drywall and blackboard or sidewalk ...
,
marcasite The mineral marcasite, sometimes called "white iron pyrite", is iron sulfide (FeS2) with orthorhombic crystal structure. It is physically and crystallographically distinct from pyrite, which is iron sulfide with cubic crystal structure. Both ...
,
pyrite The mineral pyrite ( ), or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula Fe S2 (iron (II) disulfide). Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide mineral. Pyrite's metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue ...
,
pyromorphite Pyromorphite is a mineral species composed of lead chlorophosphate: Pb5( P O4)3 Cl, sometimes occurring in sufficient abundance to be mined as an ore of lead. Crystals are common, and have the form of a hexagonal prism terminated by the basal p ...
and
sphalerite Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula . It is the most important ore of zinc. Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in Sedimentary exhalative deposits, sedimentary exhalative, Carbonate-hoste ...
.


History

Between the 13th century and the French Revolution there was once a
monastery A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of Monasticism, monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in Cenobitic monasticism, communities or alone (hermits). A monastery generally includes a ...
in Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière. Hardly anything is left of it now, because most of its building stones were used in the construction of the village. The church goes back to the 17th and 18th centuries. It underwent extensive renovation during the 19th century with the steeple being completely rebuilt. The Château de Vaugoubert at the Dronne also goes back to the 17th century. From an even older castle only the round tower is left.


Population

The population of Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière has decreased continuously till 1999 (25% decrease), but seems to recover somewhat since then.


Mayor

The mayor of Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière is since 2001 Maurice Combeau, a pensioner who is not affiliated with any political party.


Sights

* The church of Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière with its sun dial. * The postcard museum. It has a vast collection of postcards from the
Périgord Périgord ( , ; ; or ) is a natural region and former province of France, which corresponds roughly to the current Dordogne department, now forming the northern part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is divided into f ...
dating back to the years 1898–1920.


See also

*
Communes of the Dordogne department The following is a list of the 503 communes of the Dordogne department of France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include Fren ...


References


Sources

* Floc'h, J.-P. et al. Feuille Nontron. Carte géologique de la France à 1/50000. BRGM. * Guillot, P.-L. et al. Feuille Thiviers. Carte géologique de la France à 1/50000. BRGM.


External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saintpardouxlariviere Communes of Dordogne