Rudolf (also ''Rudolph'', ''Ralph'', or ''Raoul'', called ''Maccabeus'', ''Maccabeo'', or ''Maccabees''; died 1108) was the second

Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 10th and 11th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norm ...

count of

Montescaglioso Montescaglioso ( Montese: ) is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Matera, Basilicata, southern Italy. The economy is mostly based on agriculture, including production of renowned oil and wine, as well as traditional food. Historically, i ...

from the death of his father

Robert The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

in 1080. During the three-year period between the death of the Guiscard in 1085 and the peace between his sons Bohemond and

Roger Borsa Roger Borsa (1060/1061 – 22 February 1111) was the Norman Duke of Apulia and Calabria and effective ruler of southern Italy from 1085 until his death. Life Roger was the son of Robert Guiscard and Sikelgaita, a Lombard noblewoman. His ambiti ...

, Rudolph and many other barons took advantage of the fraternal civil war to enhance their own lands and powers. In 1087, Rudolf married Emma (1070–1120), the fourth and youngest daughter of

Roger I of Sicily Roger I ( it, Ruggero I, Arabic: ''رُجار'', ''Rujār''; Maltese: ''Ruġġieru'', – 22 June 1101), nicknamed Roger Bosso and The Great, was a Norman nobleman who became the first Count of Sicily from 1071 to 1101. He was a member of the ...

and his first wife Judith d'Évreux. She had previously been briefly engaged to

Philip I of France Philip I (23 May 1052 – 29 July 1108), called the Amorous, was King of the Franks from 1060 to 1108. His reign, like that of most of the early Capetians, was extraordinarily long for the time. The monarchy began a modest recovery from the low i ...

and was then married for some years to William VI, Count of Auvergne. His brother Geoffrey died while on the

First Crusade The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic r ...

in the battle of Dorlylaeum. When Rudolf died without issue, Emma ruled his territories until her death. In 1124, her half brother

Roger II Roger II ( it, Ruggero II; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in ...

invaded the county territory claiming it for the crown.

Sources

''Lexikon de Mittelalters''.

Italo-Normans Norman warriors 1108 deaths Year of birth unknown {{Europe-noble-stub