computing Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and development of both hardware and software. Computing has scientific, e ...

, route is a

command Command may refer to: Computing * Command (computing), a statement in a computer language * COMMAND.COM, the default operating system shell and command-line interpreter for DOS * Command key, a modifier key on Apple Macintosh computer keyboards * ...

used to view and manipulate the IP

routing table In computer networking, a routing table, or routing information base (RIB), is a data table stored in a router or a network host that lists the routes to particular network destinations, and in some cases, metrics (distances) associated with tho ...

Unix-like A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X or *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-li ...

and

Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washing ...

Windows Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for serv ...

operating system An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also in ...

s and also in IBM

OS/2 OS/2 (Operating System/2) is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci. As a result of a feud between the two companies over how to position OS/2 ...

and ReactOS. Manual manipulation of the routing table is characteristic of

static routing Static routing is a form of routing that occurs when a router uses a manually-configured routing entry, rather than information from dynamic routing traffic. In many cases, static routes are manually configured by a network administrator by adding i ...

Implementations

Unix and Unix-like

Linux distributions A Linux distribution (often abbreviated as distro) is an operating system made from a software collection that includes the Linux kernel and, often, a package management system. Linux users usually obtain their operating system by downloading one ...

based on 2.2.x

Linux kernel The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, modular, multitasking, Unix-like operating system kernel. It was originally authored in 1991 by Linus Torvalds for his i386-based PC, and it was soon adopted as the kernel for the GNU ope ...

s, the

ifconfig 



ifconfig (short for ''interface config'') is a system administration utility in Unix-like operating systems for  network interface configuration.

The utility is a command-line interface tool and is also used in the system startup scripts of man ...

and route commands are operated together to connect a computer to a network, and to define routes between

computer network A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes. The computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to communicate with each other. These interconnections are ...

s. Distributions based on later kernels have deprecated ifconfig and route, replacing them with

iproute2 




iproute2 is a collection of userspace utilities for controlling and monitoring various aspects of  networking in the  Linux kernel, including routing, network interfaces, tunnels, traffic control, and network-related  device drivers.

iproute2  ...

. Route for Linux was originally written by Fred N. van Kempen.

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route nNvee FC AF> List kernel routing tables route v FC ... Modify routing table for AF. route AF> Detailed usage syntax for specified AF. route Display version/author and exit.

Example

user@linux:~$ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.101.0 192.168.102.102 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.102.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.103.0 192.168.102.102 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

Microsoft Windows

The command is only available if the TCP/IP protocol is installed as a component in the properties of a

network adapter A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. Ear ...

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route f p -6 ommand_[Destination[mask_Netmask.html" ;"title="estination.html" ;"title="ommand [Destination">ommand [Destination[mask Netmask">estination.html" ;"title="ommand [Destination">ommand [Destination[mask Netmask[Gateway] metric Metric if Interface

Parameters

* -f: Clears the routing table * -p: The route is added to the Windows Registry and is used to initialize the IP routing table whenever the TCP/IP protocol is started (only when used with the add command) * Command: The command to run (add, change, delete, print) * -4: Force using

IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks. IPv4 was the first version de ...

* -6: Force using

IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communication protocol, communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic ...

* Destination: Network destination of the route * mask Netmask: The netmask (

subnet mask A subnetwork or subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network. Updated by RFC 6918. The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting. Computers that belong to the same subnet are addressed with an identical ...

) associated with the network destination * Gateway: The forwarding or next hop IP address over which the set of addresses defined by the network destination and subnet mask are reachable * metric Metric: Integer cost metric (ranging from 1 to 9999) for the route * if Interface: The index of the interface over which the destination is reachable * /?: Command help The -p parameter is only supported on

Windows NT 4.0 Windows NT 4.0 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and oriented towards businesses. It is the direct successor to Windows NT 3.51, which was released to manufacturing on July 31, 1996, and then to retail ...

Windows 2000 Windows 2000 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and oriented towards businesses. It was the direct successor to Windows NT 4.0, and was released to manufacturing on December 15, 1999, and was officiall ...

Windows Millennium Edition Windows Millennium Edition, or Windows Me (marketed with the pronunciation of the pronoun "me"), is an operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of Microsoft Windows operating systems. It is the successor to Windo ...

, and

Windows XP Windows XP is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It was released to manufacturing on August 24, 2001, and later to retail on October 25, 2001. It is a direct upgrade to its predecessors, Windows 2000 for high-end and ...

. It is not supported on

Windows 95 Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of operating systems. The first operating system in the 9x family, it is the successor to Windows 3.1x, and was released to manufacturi ...

Windows 98 Windows 98 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of Microsoft Windows operating systems. The second operating system in the 9x line, it is the successor to Windows 95, and was released to ...

IBM OS/2

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route nqv OMMAND

MODIFIERS In linguistics, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure which ''modifies'' the meaning of another element in the structure. For instance, the adjective "red" acts as a modifier in the noun phrase "red ball", provi ...

args]

Parameters

* -n: Bypasses translating IP addresses to symbolic host names * -q: Suppresses all output * -v: Verbose * COMMAND: The command to run (add, delete, change, get, monitor, flush) * -net: is a network address * -host: is host name or address (default) * -netmask: the mask of the route * : IP address or host name of the destination * : IP address or host name of the next-hop router

ReactOS

Syntax

Print the route table: route print Add a route: route add ask etric Delete a route: route delete

References

External links

* * * *
route
- o
technet.microsoft.com
{{Windows commands Internet Protocol based network software OS/2 commands Routing Unix network-related software Windows communication and services Windows administration

Implementations

Unix and Unix-like

Syntax

Example

Microsoft Windows

Syntax

Parameters

IBM OS/2

Syntax

Parameters

ReactOS

Syntax

See also

Further reading

References

External links