Rudolf Tönnies was an

Austro-Hungarian Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consist ...

and Yugoslav architect and politician (councillor of the

Drava Banovina The Drava Banovina or Drava Banate (Slovene language, Slovene and Serbo-Croatian: ''Dravska banovina''), was a province (Ban (title), banovina) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941. This province consisted of most of present-day Slove ...

), son of the Swedish industrialist

Gustav Tönnies Gustav Johann Ludvik Tönnies (January 16, 1814 – November 12, 1886) was a Swedish and Austro-Hungarian carpenter, architect and industrialist, who lived most of his life in Ljubljana. During the period of the great social and economic change ...

.Vila Serena
/ref>Slovenski biografski leksikon
/ref> Together with the Czech Josip Pospišil and the Austrian Ernst Lichtblau, who had all studied at the Art Academy in Vienna with Karl von Hasenauer and

Otto Wagner Otto Koloman Wagner (; 13 July 1841 – 11 April 1918) was an Austrian architect, furniture designer and urban planner. He was a leading member of the Vienna Secession movement of architecture, founded in 1897, and the broader Art Nouveau mo ...

, Tönnies is considered one of the proponents of the " Bosnian style" as a step towards architectural modernism in

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

, as opposed to Moorish Revival style

Biography

Rudolf Tönnies studied construction and civil engineering and worked for the Croatian government in

Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...

, then as lead architect for the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina in

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ), ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'' is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 2 ...

, where he left among the most notable residential and mixed buildings in

Vienna Secession The Vienna Secession (; also known as the Union of Austrian Artists or ) is an art movement, closely related to Art Nouveau, that was formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian painters, graphic artists, sculptors and architects, including Josef Ho ...

style in town. In 1918 he returned to Ljubljana, obtained a trade concession (building master) and joined his brothers. In Ljubljana he built around 1923 the Credit Bank (today the seat of the National Bank) and at the same time the Ljubljana yard (headquarters of Railway Transport Company). In 1898 he married Paula Faller (Ivanec,

Varaždin Varaždin ( or ; , also known by #Name, alternative names) is a city in Northern Croatia, north-east of Zagreb. The total population is 46,946, with 38,839 in the city settlement itself (2011). The city is best known for its baroque buildings, ...

, 22 August 1864); they had a daughter, Frigga Tönnies. Tönnies also contributed to the Bosnian style in architecture, which can be compared with

Scandinavia Scandinavia is a subregion#Europe, subregion of northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. It can sometimes also ...

National Romanticism Romantic nationalism (also national romanticism, organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state claims its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs. This includes ...

. The Bosnian Style was championed by a younger generation of architects, like Czech architect Josip Pospišil, Slovene architect Rudolf Tönnies, and Austrian architect Ernst Lichtblau, who all studied at the Art Academy in Vienna with Karl von Hasenauer and

. The style was, however, named by Sarajevo's senior architect,

Josip Vancaš Josip Vancaš (22 March 1859 – 15 December 1932) was an Austro-Hungarian and Yugoslav architect who spent most of his career in the Bosnian city of Sarajevo, where he designed over two hundred buildings. He also designed important buildings in ...

, for whom many of these younger architects worked.

Works

* Palace of the Orthodox Metropolitan, Štrosmajerova 1 Sarajevo (1899) * Villa Rädisch, Petrakijina 13

, 1906. This Vienna secession villa boasts a dense flower carpet. * House of Milan Jojkić, Muvekita 8

, 1906. The partitioning of this façade is similar to that of the house that Tönnies designed for Mehmed-beg Fadilpašić some years later. * Residential and commercial building on Zelenih beretki,

1907 * House of Mehmed-beg Fadilpašić, Franjevačka 2

, 1910. The undulating façade, the floral and geometric elements and the protruding roof show the influences of both Bosnian vernacular and

architecture. * Building of Altarac Meyer, Ferhadija 22

, 1911. This building, an example of the geometric Art Nouveau, typical of the late period, also shows some influence of Neoclassicism. * House of Atijas Mordohaj Rahae, Valtera Perića 4

1911. This building has a notable corner solution with a dome. * Bank on obala Kulina bana, Sarajevo 1913 Orthodox_Metropolitan's_Palace,_Sarajevo.jpg, Palace of the Orthodox Metropolitan, Sarajevo, 1898-1899KONS.gov.ba
/ref> Sarajevo Bosnie Herzegovine O (137557959).jpeg, Villa Rädisch, Petrakijina 13

, 1906. Sarajevo, dům s výklenky.jpg, House of Mehmed-beg Fadilpašić, Franjevačka 2

, 1910. File:Sarajevo, Residential and commercial building on Zelenih beretki by Rudolf Tönnies.jpg, Residential and commercial building on Zelenih beretki,

1907 File:BOR_Bank_in_Sarajevo.JPG, Bank on obala Kulina bana, Sarajevo 1913 File:Srpska_muska_i_zenska_osnovna_skola,_Sarajevo.jpg, The building of the Orthodox seminary in the 1920s

References

Bibliography

* ''Slovenski biografski leksikon'' 1925-1991.''(2009). Elektronska izdaja. Ljubljana: SAZU'' * Enciklopedija Slovenije; knjiga 13, Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana, 1999

External links

Primorski Dnevnik

Slovenski biografski leksikon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tönnies, Rudolf Art Nouveau architects Vienna Secession architects 19th-century Slovenian architects 20th-century Slovenian architects Bosnia and Herzegovina architects 1869 births 1929 deaths Architects from Ljubljana

Biography

Works

See also

References

Bibliography

External links