Rottum (or Röppen) is a small village on an

artificial dwelling hill A ''terp'', also known as a ''wierde, woerd, warf, warft, werf, werve, wurt'' or ''værft'', is an artificial dwelling mound found on the North European Plain that has been created to provide safe ground during storm surges, high tides a ...

between

Kantens Kantens is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Het Hogeland, about 16 km north of the city of Groningen. It had a population of around 965 including the surrounding area in January 2017. Kantens ...

and

Usquert Usquert is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Het Hogeland Het Hogeland is a municipality in the north of the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Hist ...

in the municipality of

Het Hogeland Het Hogeland is a municipality in the north of the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. History The municipality of Het Hogeland was established on 1 January 2019 by merging the municipalities of Bedu ...

, falling under the province

Groningen Groningen ( , ; ; or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen (province), Groningen province in the Netherlands. Dubbed the "capital of the north", Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of ...

in the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

. It had a population of around 85 in January 2017.Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017
- CSB Statline

History

Heathen chapel

The village was founded on a clay bank of the Fivel

estuary An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime enviro ...

and the

Wadden Sea The Wadden Sea ( ; ; or ; ; ; ) is an intertidal zone in the southeastern part of the North Sea. It lies between the coast of northwestern continental Europe and the range of low-lying Frisian Islands, forming a shallow body of water with tida ...

. Since high tides were threatening the early inhabitants they raised its height with manure and waste: this way an

was created. On top of the artificial dwelling hill eventually a heathen chapel was located, according to the biography of the missionary

Ludger Ludger (; also Lüdiger or Liudger) ( – 26 March 809) was a missionary among the Frisians and Saxons, founder of Werden Abbey and the first Bishop of Münster in Westphalia. He has been called the "Apostle of Saxony". Early life to ordina ...

. The name "Rottum" could be derived from "rot Heim", which can be translated as "red dwelling-place".

Monastery

St. Juliana's Abbey was a Benedictine monastery, probably founded between 1195 and 1210 by monks from the Benedictine

Werden Abbey Werden Abbey () was a Benedictine monastery in Essen-Werden (Germany), situated on the Ruhr. The foundation of the abbey Near Essen Saint Ludger founded a monastery in 799 and became its first abbot. The little church which Saint Ludger b ...

in Germany. The monastery was demolished at the end of the 1800s.

Rottumeroog Rottumeroog (; ) is an Desert island, uninhabited island in the Wadden Sea and is part of the Netherlands. The island is one of three West Frisian Islands in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen. It is situated between the islands of R ...

or Rottum, an island in the

Waddenzee The Wadden Sea ( ; ; or ; ; ; ) is an intertidal zone in the southeastern part of the North Sea. It lies between the coast of northwestern continental Europe and the range of low-lying Frisian Islands, forming a shallow body of water with t ...

, is named after the village since the monastery was two-thirds owner of the island. Near the village the nunnery named

Bethlehem Bethlehem is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, located about south of Jerusalem, and the capital of the Bethlehem Governorate. It had a population of people, as of . The city's economy is strongly linked to Tourism in the State of Palesti ...

was located.

Protestant church

In 1889 a Protestant church was built on the same location as the monastery. The poet

Jan Boer Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numb ...

was born in Rottum. In 1999 the sculptor

Greet Grottendieck Greet Grottendieck (born 22 February 1943 in The Hague) is a Dutch sculptor. Greet moved to the Veluwe The Veluwe () is a forest-rich ridge of hills (1100 km2; 420 sq. mi.) in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands. The Veluwe ...

was asked to make a bust of Jan Boer to celebrate the 100th anniversary of his day of birth.

Gallery

File:Kerk van Rottum.jpg, Church of Rottum File:Rottum - Ceres (1).jpg, Former brick works File:Afgegraven wierde.JPG, Excavated ''

terp A ''terp'', also known as a ''wierde, woerd, warf, warft, werf, werve, wurt'' or ''værft'', is an artificial dwelling mound found on the North European Plain that has been created to provide safe ground during storm surges, high tides and ...

'' File:Rottum - kloosterkerk - 1854.jpg, View on the monastery (1854)

References

External links

* {{Coord, 53, 22, 55, N, 6, 37, 13, E, display=title, region:NL_source:nlwiki Artificial dwelling hills Het Hogeland Populated places in Groningen (province)