Roger Clifford, 5th Baron Clifford
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Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford, 9th Lord Clifford, 5th Baron of Westmoreland (10 July 1333 – 13 July 1389), was the son of
Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford, also 3rd Lord of Skipton (5 November 1305 – 20 May 1344) was a member of The Cliffords, the Clifford family which held the seat of Skipton from 1310 to 1676. He was the second son of Robert de Clifford ...
(d. 20 May 1344), second son of
Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford (1 April 1274 – 24 June 1314), of Appleby Castle, Westmorland, feudal baron of Appleby and feudal baron of Skipton in Yorkshire, was an English soldier who became 1st Lord Warden of the Marches, ...
(1273–1314), the founder of the northern branch of the family. His mother was Isabella (d. 25 July 1362), daughter of Maurice, 2nd Lord Berkeley. He succeeded his elder brother, Robert de Clifford, 4th Baron de Clifford in 1350, on which day he made proof of his age.


Life


Military career

Clifford entered on his military career when hardly more than twelve, being armed at the time of Jacob van Artevelde's death on 17 July 1345. In August 1350 he was engaged in the sea fight with the Spaniards near Winchelsea; and in 1355 he accompanied his father-in-law, Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, on the expedition to Gascony. He again served in Gascony in 1359, 1360, and in the French expedition of the
Duke of Lancaster The dukedom of Lancaster is a former Peerage of England, English peerage, created three times in the Middle Ages, which finally merged in the Crown when Henry V of England, Henry V succeeded to the throne in 1413. Despite the extinction of the ...
in 1373. A document dated at Brougham of 10 July 1369 shows him engaging the services of Richard le Fleming and his company for a year. In the same way, he retained Sir Roger de Mowbray; and was himself retained, with his company of nearly eighty men, by Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, on 25 September 1379. On 15 March 1361, he was called upon to assist Lionel, duke of Clarence, in his great Irish expedition on pain of forfeiting his Irish estates. A similar summons to defend his lands in Ireland was issued on 28 July 1368. His chief services, however, were rendered on the Scottish borders. In July 1370 he was appointed one of the wardens of the west marches; but according to Sir H. Nicolas, he is found defending the northern borders fourteen years earlier. Resigned the truce with Scotland on 24 August 1369, and was warden of both east and west marches on five occasions between 1380 and 1385. In August 1385 he accompanied Richard II's expedition against
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
with sixty men-at-arms and forty archers. His last border sendee seems to have been in October 1388, when he was ordered to adopt measures of defence for the Scotch Marches. In May 1388 he accompanied Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, in his naval expedition to
Brittany Brittany ( ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica in Roman Gaul. It became an Kingdom of Brittany, independent kingdom and then a Duch ...
.


Political Offices

He was hereditary High Sheriff of Westmorland from 1350? until his death in 1389. In 1377 he was made
High Sheriff of Cumberland The sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere o ...
and governor of
Carlisle Carlisle ( , ; from ) is a city in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. Carlisle's early history is marked by the establishment of a settlement called Luguvalium to serve forts along Hadrian's Wall in Roman Britain. Due to its pro ...
, a city whose walls he appears to have inspected and found weak in the preceding year. To the last two offices, he was reappointed on Richard II's accession. He was made a commissioner of array against the Scots (26 February 1372), and one of a body of commissioners to correct truce-breakers and decide border disputes on 26 May 1373, having sat on a similar commission in September 1367.


Parliament

Clifford was summoned to all parliaments from 15 December 1356 to 28 July 1388. He was the trier of petitions in many parliaments from November 1373 to September 1377. In August 1374 he was appointed one of the commissioners to settle the dispute between Henry de Percy and William, Earl of Douglas, relative to the possession of Jedworth Forest. In the parliament of November 1381, he was member of a committee to confer with the House of Commons. On 12 October 1386, he gave evidence in the great Scrope and Grosvenor case at St. Margaret's Church, Westminster.


Death and succession

Roger de Clifford died 13 July 1389, being then possessed of enormous estates, chiefly situated in Yorkshire, Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmoreland, but spread over several other counties. He was succeeded by his son Thomas de Clifford, 6th Baron de Clifford.


Marriage and issue

He married Maud (d. 1403), daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick. * Thomas de Clifford, 6th Baron de Clifford (d. 1391 ?) * William Clifford, the Governor of Berwick (d. 1419) * Margaret, married Sir John Melton, knight * Katherine, married Ralph, lord Greystock * Philippa, married William Ferrers, 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby (Lewis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed. (2006), line 11, no. 34) Dugdale gives him a third son, the Lollard, Sir Lewis Clifford (d. 1404), whom, however, Sir H. Nicolas shows to have been probably his brother, but certainly not his son(Dugdale, i. 340-2; Whitaker, 314-16; Nicolas, Scr. and Gros. Roll, ii. 427, &c.) Magna Carta Ancestry by Douglas Richardson lists three sons, including a Roger, with no additional information.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:de Clifford, Roger De Clifford, 5th Baron 1333 births 1389 deaths 14th-century English nobility High sheriffs of Westmorland High sheriffs of Cumberland Lords Warden of the Marches
Roger Roger is a masculine given name, and a surname. The given name is derived from the Old French personal names ' and '. These names are of Germanic languages">Germanic origin, derived from the elements ', ''χrōþi'' ("fame", "renown", "honour") ...
Barons de Clifford