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Roberto Cintli Rodríguez ( 1954 – 31 July 2023) was a Mexican-American journalist, columnist, poet, author, and academic of Mexican American Studies at the
University of Arizona The University of Arizona (Arizona, U of A, UArizona, or UA) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Tucson, Arizona, United States. Founded in 1885 by the 13th Arizona Territorial Legislature, it ...
. On 23 March 1979, Rodriguez was taking photos on the corner of
Whittier Boulevard Whittier Boulevard is an arterial street that runs from the Los Angeles River (where it continues into Downtown Los Angeles as 6th Street) to Brea, California. The street is one of the main thoroughfares in both Whittier and East Los Angele ...
and McDonnell Avenue in
East Los Angeles East Los Angeles (), or East L.A., is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) situated within Los Angeles County, California, United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, East Los Angeles is designated as ...
for ''Lowrider Magazine'' and captured the assault of an innocent man by members of the
Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department (LASD), officially the County of Los Angeles Sheriff's Department, is a law enforcement agency serving Los Angeles County, California. LASD is the largest sheriff's department in the United States a ...
. The last photo Rodriguez took was of a
police officer A police officer (also called policeman or policewoman, cop, officer or constable) is a Warrant (law), warranted law employee of a police, police force. In most countries, ''police officer'' is a generic term not specifying a particular rank. ...
pointing directly at him. Soon after, the officers attacked him, confiscated his camera and film, and beat him so badly that he spent three days in the Los Angeles County Hospital. While preparing to leave the hospital, Rodriguez was placed under arrest for allegedly assaulting the officers with a "deadly weapon." Rodriguez suffered from
post-traumatic stress disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that develops from experiencing a Psychological trauma, traumatic event, such as sexual assault, domestic violence, child abuse, warfare and its associated traumas, natural disaster ...
and lost the ability to dream in the aftermath of the incident. From 1979 to 1986, Rodriguez sought justice in court for this incident, which involved two trials; he eventually won his case, being awarded $205,000 by a jury, which he used to start a bilingual magazine. Rodriguez reported that he began to dream again 20 years following the event after drinking from a
medicinal plant Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including Plant defense against h ...
in
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
. The fatal
shooting of Michael Brown On August 9, 2014, 18-year-old Michael Brown was shot and killed by police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis. Brown was accompanied by his 22-year-old male friend Dorian Johnson. Wilson, a white male Fergu ...
in 2014 inspired Rodriguez to retell his story and provide a platform for the stories of others who have suffered
police brutality Police brutality is the excessive and unwarranted use of force by law enforcement against an individual or Public order policing, a group. It is an extreme form of police misconduct and is a civil rights violation. Police brutality includes, b ...
in ''Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World: Testimonios on Violence'' (2019). In 2020, Rodríguez, along professional demographer Jesus Garcia, Social Justice activist Ivette "Xochiyotl" Boyzo and other academic researchers, created La Raza Database Research Project La Raza Database Research Project which will be housed by the
California State University, San Bernardino California State University, San Bernardino (Cal State San Bernardino or CSUSB) is a public research university in San Bernardino, California. Founded in 1965, it is part of the California State University system. The main campus sits on in th ...
. The database tracks the murders of People of Color and the undercount of "Brown/Red/Indigenous" People by law enforcement. Rodriguez supported students and spoke out at
protest A protest (also called a demonstration, remonstration, or remonstrance) is a public act of objection, disapproval or dissent against political advantage. Protests can be thought of as acts of cooperation in which numerous people cooperate ...
s, governing board meetings, and other public hearings against the passing of Arizona House Bill 2281 led by
Tom Horne Thomas Charles Horne (born March 28, 1945) is an American politician, attorney, businessman, and activist who has served as the Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction since 2023 and previously from 2003 to 2011. A member of the Republican P ...
, which banned the Mexican American Studies Department Programs and banned and confiscated books on
Chicano Chicano (masculine form) or Chicana (feminine form) is an ethnic identity for Mexican Americans that emerged from the Chicano Movement. In the 1960s, ''Chicano'' was widely reclaimed among Hispanics in the building of a movement toward politic ...
and Indigenous People's history,
critical race theory Critical race theory (CRT) is an academic field focused on the relationships between Social constructionism, social conceptions of Race and ethnicity in the United States census, race and ethnicity, Law in the United States, social and political ...
, and
decoloniality Decoloniality () is a school of thought that aims to Delinking, delink from Eurocentrism, Eurocentric Episteme, knowledge hierarchies and Being, ways of being in the world in order to enable other forms of existence on Earth. It critiques the p ...
in the
Tucson Unified School District Tucson Unified School District (TUSD) is the largest school district of Tucson, Arizona, in terms of enrollment. Dr. Gabriel Trujillo is the superintendent, appointed on September 12, 2017, by the Governing Board. As of 2016, TUSD had more tha ...
. He was arrested with local high school and college students the day the anti-Mexican-American studies legislation was signed into law. In response, Rodriguez stated that the ban was evidence that only "Greco-Roman Knowledge" was allowed in Arizona Schools and "that
Indigenous peoples There is no generally accepted definition of Indigenous peoples, although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territ ...
and
Indigenous knowledge Traditional knowledge (TK), indigenous knowledge (IK), folk knowledge, and local knowledge generally refers to knowledge systems embedded in the cultural traditions of regional, indigenous, or local communities. Traditional knowledge include ...
" have been "outlawed once again." Rodriguez was attacked by the
far-right Far-right politics, often termed right-wing extremism, encompasses a range of ideologies that are marked by ultraconservatism, authoritarianism, ultranationalism, and nativism. This political spectrum situates itself on the far end of the ...
for his vocal support of the Mexican American Studies Department Programs, which included a threat on his life. Rodríguez worked for over ten years with colleague Patrisia Gonzales, who he was married to for 19 years, on a syndicated column entitled "Column of the Americas" and have many joint publications together. Their work was jointly celebrated in 2014. Gonzales also authored the foreword of Rodríguez's 2019 book. Rodríguez died from heart failure in Mexico, on 31 July 2023, at the age of 69. In the three years before his death, he lived in
Teotihuacan Teotihuacan (; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Teotihuacán'', ; ) is an ancient Mesoamerican city located in a sub-valley of the Valley of Mexico, which is located in the State of Mexico, northeast of modern-day Mexico City. Teotihuacan is ...
. He was survived by Gonzales and five brothers.


Publications


Articles

* "History of Red-Brown Journalism and Communications: Or the Art of Story-Telling," ''Revista canaria de estudios ingleses'', 2011, 62 * "Arizona Criminalizes Indigenous Knowledge," ''Wíčazo Ša Review'', 2013, 28(1) * "'If There is No Struggle, There is No Progress': Transformative Youth Activism and the School of Ethnic Studies," ''The Urban Review'', 2013, 45(1)


Books

* ''Justice: A Question of Race'' (Bilingual Review Press, 1997) * ''Our Sacred Maíz Is Our Mother: Indigeneity and Belonging in the Americas'' (University of Arizona Press, 2014) * ''Yolqui: A warrior summonsed from the spirit world'' (University of Arizona Press, 2019)


Lectures

*
Mexico, the Revolution and Beyond: The Mexican Revolution: 1810, 1910, 2010?
(Arizona State Museum, 2009)


Poems

* "That Indian Man You See On The Hospital Bed," in ''Poetry of Resistance: Voices for Social Justice'' (University of Arizona Press, 2016)


Research

*La Raza Database Research Project


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, Roberto Cintli 1950s births Year of birth uncertain 2023 deaths American academics of Mexican descent American writers of Mexican descent Chicano Ethnic studies scholars Writers from Aguascalientes