Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt (first Creation)
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Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt, PC ({{circa1550 – 9 September 1634){{sfn, Dunlop, Barry, 2004 was an English-born army officer and military administrator during the reigns of
Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last and longest reigning monarch of the House of Tudo ...
and
James I James I may refer to: People *James I of Aragon (1208–1276) * James I of Sicily or James II of Aragon (1267–1327) * James I, Count of La Marche (1319–1362), Count of Ponthieu * James I, Count of Urgell (1321–1347) *James I of Cyprus (1334 ...
.{{sfn, Dunlop, Barry, 2004 He is notable for his defeat of Sir
Cahir O'Doherty Sir Cahir O'Doherty ( or ; 1587 – 5 July 1608) was the last Gaelic Irish chief of the O'Doherty clan, who in 1608 launched a failed rebellion against the English crown. O'Doherty was the eldest son of clan chief John O'Doherty, ruler of ...
's forces at the 1608
Battle of Kilmacrennan The Battle of Kilmacrennan was a skirmish fought near Kilmacrennan, County Donegal in 1608 during O'Doherty's Rebellion. Sir Cahir O'Doherty was a traditional supporter of the Crown whose treatment at the hands of local officials had led him to ...
during O'Doherty's Rebellion in
Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...
.


Family

Sir Richard Wingfield was the son of Sir
Richard Wingfield Sir Richard Wingfield KG of Kimbolton Castle (c. 1469 – 22 July 1525) was an influential courtier and diplomat in the early years of the Tudor dynasty of England which included being English Ambassador to France. Life The Wingfield family o ...
, Governor of Portsmouth, who was descended from an old
Suffolk Suffolk ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East of England and East Anglia. It is bordered by Norfolk to the north, the North Sea to the east, Essex to the south, and Cambridgeshire to the west. Ipswich is the largest settlement and the county ...
family, and Christian, daughter of Sir William Fitzwilliam of Milton, Castor,
Northamptonshire Northamptonshire ( ; abbreviated Northants.) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Leicestershire, Rutland and Lincolnshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshi ...
, and sister of Sir William Fitzwilliam,
Lord Deputy of Ireland The Lord Deputy was the representative of the monarch and head of the Irish executive (government), executive under English rule, during the Lordship of Ireland and then the Kingdom of Ireland. He deputised prior to 1523 for the Viceroy of Ireland ...
.{{sfn, Dunlop, Barry, 2004 He became the step-son of Sir George Delves, after his mother's remarriage.{{sfn, Lodge, 1789,
268
}


Early career

He came to Ireland as a military adventurer in the latter part of the 16th century and afterwards fought in
Flanders Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...
, France and
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...
, gaining the military rank of lieutenant colonel.{{sfn, Webb, 1878, p=571 Returning to Ireland, Wingfield distinguished himself and was wounded in an expedition against Tyrone, and was knighted by the Lord Deputy, William Russell, in Christ Church Cathedral on 9 November 1595.{{sfn, Shaw II, 1906, p=91{{sfn, Dunlop, Barry, 2004 He served as a
colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...
in the expedition against
Calais Calais ( , , traditionally , ) is a French port city in the Pas-de-Calais department, of which it is a subprefecture. Calais is the largest city in Pas-de-Calais. The population of the city proper is 67,544; that of the urban area is 144,6 ...
, and in 1600 was advanced to the office of Marshal of Ireland, with a retinue of fifty horse and a company of foot.{{sfn, Lodge, 1789, pp=268–272{{sfn, Webb, 1878, p=571 In 1601 during the
4th Spanish Armada The Fourth Spanish Armada, also known as the Last Armada, was a military expedition sent to Ireland that took place between August 1601 and March 1602 towards the end of Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), Anglo-Spanish war. The armada – the fou ...
, he led a force at the reduction of Kinsale, and was one of those who signed the articles of capitulation made between the
Lord Deputy of Ireland The Lord Deputy was the representative of the monarch and head of the Irish executive (government), executive under English rule, during the Lordship of Ireland and then the Kingdom of Ireland. He deputised prior to 1523 for the Viceroy of Ireland ...
and Don
Juan del Águila Juan Del Águila (d'Aguila) y Arellano (Ávila, Spain, Ávila, 1545 – A Coruña, August 1602) was a Habsburg Spain, Spanish general. He commanded the Spanish expeditionary Tercio troops in Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily then in Brittany (1584 ...
, commander of the Spanish troops made prisoners on that occasion.{{sfn, Lodge, 1789, pp=268–272{{sfn, Webb, 1878, p=571


O'Doherty's Rebellion

{{Main, Battle of Kilmacrennan In May 1608 during O'Doherty's Rebellion he marched into
Ulster Ulster (; or ; or ''Ulster'') is one of the four traditional or historic provinces of Ireland, Irish provinces. It is made up of nine Counties of Ireland, counties: six of these constitute Northern Ireland (a part of the United Kingdom); t ...
against Sir
Cahir O'Doherty Sir Cahir O'Doherty ( or ; 1587 – 5 July 1608) was the last Gaelic Irish chief of the O'Doherty clan, who in 1608 launched a failed rebellion against the English crown. O'Doherty was the eldest son of clan chief John O'Doherty, ruler of ...
, who had burnt Derry, killing him and dispersing his followers. For this success Sir Richard was on 29 June 1609 rewarded by a grant of the Powerscourt Estate in
County Wicklow County Wicklow ( ; ) is a Counties of Ireland, county in Republic of Ireland, Ireland. The last of the traditional 32 counties, having been formed as late as 1606 in Ireland, 1606, it is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the Provinces ...
.{{sfn, Webb, 1878, p=571


Later career

In the
Parliament of Ireland The Parliament of Ireland () was the legislature of the Lordship of Ireland, and later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1297 until the end of 1800. It was modelled on the Parliament of England and from 1537 comprised two chambers: the Irish Hou ...
of 1613–15, he sat in the
Irish House of Commons The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the Irish House of Lords, House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, ...
as MP for
Downpatrick Downpatrick () is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the Lecale peninsula, about south of Belfast. In the Middle Ages, it was the capital of the Dál Fiatach, the main ruling dynasty of Ulaid. Down Cathedral, Its cathedral is sai ...
. On 19 February 1618, he was created
Viscount Powerscourt Viscount Powerscourt ( ) is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of Ireland, each time for members of the Wingfield family. It was created first in 1618 for the Chief Governor of Ireland, Richard Wingfield. However, this creat ...
, and he subsequently enjoyed several important offices under the Crown.{{sfn, Dunlop, Barry, 2004


Marriage

He married Frances Rugge, (or Repps), (died before 30 November 1631), daughter of William Rugge, (or Repps), of Felmingham, Norfolk, and Thomasine Townshend, and widow of Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell.{{sfn, Cokayne III, 1913, p=558, ps=, Frances was the second wife of Edward Cromwell. His first wife was Elizabeth Umpton (or Upton).{{sfn, Grummitt, 2008 Frances Cromwell, the elder of her two daughters, married Sir John Wingfield of
Tickencote Tickencote is a small village and civil parish in the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England. It is noted for St Peter's Church, Tickencote, St Peter's Church, with its Norman chancel arch. The population at the 2001 census was 67. At ...
, Rutland in January 1619.{{sfn, Burke, 1831, p=153 Her younger daughter, Anne Cromwell, married her husband's cousin, Sir Edward Wingfield of
Carnew Carnew () is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It is the most southerly town in Wicklow situated just a mile from the border with County Wexford. For historical reasons it has often been described as "a Protestant enclave". The village is ...
,
County Wicklow County Wicklow ( ; ) is a Counties of Ireland, county in Republic of Ireland, Ireland. The last of the traditional 32 counties, having been formed as late as 1606 in Ireland, 1606, it is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the Provinces ...
on 9 May 1619.{{sfn, Lodge, 1789,
272
}


Death

He died on 9 September 1634, without issue from his wife, Frances and his title, therefore, became extinct. His estates passed to his cousin, Sir Edward Wingfield. The title was revived in 1665 in the person of Folliott Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt, who died without issue in 1717; and again in 1743 for
Richard Wingfield Sir Richard Wingfield KG of Kimbolton Castle (c. 1469 – 22 July 1525) was an influential courtier and diplomat in the early years of the Tudor dynasty of England which included being English Ambassador to France. Life The Wingfield family o ...
.{{sfn, Burke 2, 1833, p=316{{sfn, Chisholm, 1911


Notes

{{Reflist ;Attribution {{Source-attribution, {{cite IrishBio, last=Webb , first=Alfred , year=1878 , wstitle=Wingfield, Sir Richard, 1st Viscount Powerscourt , page=571 , noicon=1


References

{{refbegin * {{cite book , last=Burke , first=John , author-link=John Burke (genealogist) , year=1831 , title=A General and Heraldic Dictionary of The Peerages of England, Ireland and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant, and in Abeyance , url=https://archive.org/stream/ageneralandhera02burkgoog#page/n168/mode/2up , location=London , publisher=
Henry Colburn Henry Colburn (1784 – 16 August 1855) was a British publisher. Life Virtually nothing is known about Henry Colburn's parentage or early life, and there is uncertainty over his year of birth. He was well-educated and fluent in French and h ...
and
Richard Bentley Richard Bentley FRS (; 27 January 1662 – 14 July 1742) was an English classical scholar, critic, and theologian. Considered the "founder of historical philology", Bentley is widely credited with establishing the English school of Hellenis ...
, pages=152–153 * {{cite book , last=Burke , first=John , year=1833 , title=A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yeo8AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA316 , volume=2 , location=London , publisher=
Henry Colburn Henry Colburn (1784 – 16 August 1855) was a British publisher. Life Virtually nothing is known about Henry Colburn's parentage or early life, and there is uncertainty over his year of birth. He was well-educated and fluent in French and h ...
and
Richard Bentley Richard Bentley FRS (; 27 January 1662 – 14 July 1742) was an English classical scholar, critic, and theologian. Considered the "founder of historical philology", Bentley is widely credited with establishing the English school of Hellenis ...
, page=316 , ref={{sfnref, Burke 2, 1833 * {{cite book , last=Carthew , first=G. A. , year=1878 , title=The Hundred of Launditch and Deanery of Brisley; in the County of Norfolk; Evidences and Topographical Notes from public records, Heralds' Visitations, Wills, Court Rolls, Old Charters, Parish Registers, Town books, and Other Private Sources; Digested and Arranged as Materials for Parochial, Manorial, and Family History , url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=yale.39002040741598;view=1up;seq=182 , others=Collected by G.A. Carthew , volume=II , location=Norwich , publisher=Printed by Miller and Leavins , page=522 * {{Cite EB1911 , wstitle=Wingfield, Sir Richard , volume=28 , page=730 * {{cite book , last=Cokayne , first=G. E. , year=1910 , editor-last=Gibbs , editor-first=Vicary , title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant , url=https://archive.org/stream/completepeerageo01coka#page/192/mode/2up , volume=I , location=London , publisher=St. Catherine Press , pages=192–194 , ref={{sfnref, Cokayne I, 1910 * {{cite book , last=Cokayne , first=G. E. , year=1913 , editor-last=Gibbs , editor-first=Vicary , title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom , url=https://archive.org/stream/completepeerageo03coka#page/558/mode/2up , volume=III , location=London , publisher=St. Catherine Press , page=558 , ref={{sfnref, Cokayne III, 1913 * {{Cite ODNB , last=Dunlop , first=Robert , last2=Barry , first2=Judith Hudson , year=2004 , title=Wingfield, Richard, Viscount Powerscourt , doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/29740 * {{Cite ODNB , last=Grummitt , first=David , date=January 2008 , orig-date=First published 2004 , title=Cromwell, Edward, third Baron Cromwell , doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/6763 * {{cite book , last1=Lodge , first1=John , author-link1=John Lodge (archivist) , last2=Archdall , first2=Mervyn , author-link2=Mervyn Archdall (Irish antiquary) , year=1789 , title=The Peerage of Ireland: or, a Genealogical History of the Present Nobility of that Kingdom ... , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=418UAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA268 , volume=V , others=Revised, enlarged, and continued to the present time by Mervyn Archdall, A. M. , location=Dublin , publisher=James Moore , pages=268–272 , ref={{sfnref, Lodge, 1789 * {{cite book , last1=Shaw , first1=W. A. , last2=Burtchaell , first2=G. D. , title=The Knights of England: A Complete Record from the Earliest Times to the Present Day of the Knights of All the Orders of Chivalry in England, Scotland and Ireland, and of Knights Bachelors , volume=II , others=Incorporating a complete list of Knights Bachelors dubbed in Ireland, compiled by G. D. Burtchaell , url=https://archive.org/stream/knightsofengland02shawuoft#page/n99/mode/2up , location=London , publisher=Printed and published for the
Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood The Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, or simply the Central Chancery, is an office of the Lord Chamberlain's department within the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for the administration of orde ...
, Sherratt and Hughes , year=1906 , page=91 , ref={{sfnref, Shaw II, 1906 {{refend


External links

{{DNB poster, Wingfield, Richard (d.1634), Richard Wingfield, Viscount Powerscourt
Richard Wingfield, Viscount Powerscourt
Family tree

{{s-start {{s-reg, ie {{s-new, creation {{s-ttl, title =
Viscount Powerscourt Viscount Powerscourt ( ) is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of Ireland, each time for members of the Wingfield family. It was created first in 1618 for the Chief Governor of Ireland, Richard Wingfield. However, this creat ...
, creation = First creation , years = 1618–1634 {{s-non, reason = Extinct {{s-end {{authority control {{DEFAULTSORT:Powerscourt, Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount 1550s births 1634 deaths English expatriates in Ireland Viscounts in the Peerage of Ireland Peers of Ireland created by James I 16th-century English nobility 16th-century Irish military personnel 17th-century Irish people People of O'Doherty's rebellion
Richard Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'st ...
Military personnel from Suffolk Irish MPs 1613–1615 Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Down constituencies