Lieutenant-General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normall ...

Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough ( – 17 December 1721) was an English Army officer and Whig politician best known for his role in the

Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution, also known as the Revolution of 1688, was the deposition of James II and VII, James II and VII in November 1688. He was replaced by his daughter Mary II, Mary II and her Dutch husband, William III of Orange ...

Origins

Lumley was the son of John Lumley and Mary Compton, and the grandson of Richard Lumley, 1st Viscount Lumley, and Frances Shelley. The Lumleys were an ancient family from the north of England. Richard became the 2nd Viscount Lumley (in the

Irish peerage The peerage of Ireland consists of those Peerage, titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lordship of Ireland, Lord or Monarchy of Ireland, King of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great B ...

) on his grandfather's death in 1661/1662, his father having died in 1658. He was brought up as a Roman Catholic and was taken on the Grand Tour by a Catholic priest, Richard Lassels, but had turned Protestant by the time of his introduction into the House of Lords on 19 May 1685. Edward Chaney, ''The Grand Tour and the Great Rebellion'' (Geneva-Turin, 1985).

Early career

Lumley attended the

Duke of York Duke of York is a title of nobility in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Since the 15th century, it has, when granted, usually been given to the second son of List of English monarchs, English (later List of British monarchs, British) monarchs ...

on his way to Scotland in November 1679 and was a volunteer in the abortive expedition to

Tangier Tangier ( ; , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The city is the capital city, capital of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region, as well as the Tangier-Assilah Prefecture of Moroc ...

in 1680. In the latter year, he was appointed Master of the Horse to

Catherine of Braganza Catherine of Braganza (; 25 November 1638 – 31 December 1705) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England, List of Scottish royal consorts, Scotland and Ireland during her marriage to Charles II of England, King Charles II, which la ...

, whose Treasurer he later became in 1684. He was created Baron Lumley by Charles II on 31 May 1681. He played a prominent part in the suppression of the rebellion of the

Duke of Monmouth Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they ar ...

, having been personally responsible (according to

John Evelyn John Evelyn (31 October 162027 February 1706) was an English writer, landowner, gardener, courtier and minor government official, who is now best known as a diary, diarist. He was a founding Fellow of the Royal Society. John Evelyn's Diary, ...

) at the head of the Sussex Militia for Monmouth's arrest, unarmed and bearded in a dry ditch covered with fern brakes. From 1685 to 1687, he was Colonel of the Queen Dowager's or 9th Regiment of Horse.

Career following the Glorious Revolution

Lumley was one of the Immortal Seven, the English noblemen who invited William of Orange to invade England and depose his father-in-law, James II. He secured

Newcastle Newcastle usually refers to: *Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area ...

for William in December 1688. After William became King, he appointed Lumley in rapid succession in 1689/90 as a

Gentleman of the Bedchamber Gentleman of the Bedchamber was a title in the Royal Household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain. A Lord of the Bedchamber was a courtier in the Royal Households of the United Kingdo ...

, a member of the Privy Council, Colonel of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards (until 1699), Viscount Lumley of Lumley Castle,

Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland This is a list of people who have served as Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland. Since 1802, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Northumberland. Lord-lieutenants are the Crowns representative in every County. Dr Caroline Pryer ...

and

Lord Lieutenant of Durham This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Durham. Lord lieutenants *Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland 1552–? * Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon 2 August 1586 – 1595 *''vacant'' * Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Som ...

. Lumley was created Earl of Scarbrough on 15 April 1690. Scarbrough took part in the

Battle of the Boyne The Battle of the Boyne ( ) took place in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II, and those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II (his cousin and James's daughter), had acceded to the Crowns of England and Sc ...

in 1690 and was afterwards in

Flanders Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...

. He was appointed major-general in May 1692 and lieutenant-general on 4 October 1694, retiring from active service after the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697 (though he received a new commission as lieutenant-general of all the forces on 9 March 1701/2). He was

Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is a ministerial office in the Government of the United Kingdom. Excluding the prime minister, the chancellor is the highest ranking minister in the Cabinet Office, immediately after the prime minister ...

from 1716 to 1717. After his elevation, he significantly extended his family seat at Lumley Castle. He died of apoplexy in Gerard Street,

Soho SoHo, short for "South of Houston Street, Houston Street", is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City. Since the 1970s, the neighborhood has been the location of many artists' lofts and art galleries, art installations such as The Wall ...

, on 17 December 1721.

Family

Lumley was married to Frances Jones (1665–1722), daughter of Sir Henry Jones of Oxfordshire. The Countess served as a

Lady of the Bedchamber Lady of the Bedchamber is the title of a lady-in-waiting holding the official position of personal attendant on a British queen regnant or queen consort. The position is traditionally held by the wife of a peer. A lady of the bedchamber would gi ...

at the court of Queen Anne. He and his wife had children: * Henry Lumley, Viscount Lumley, (died 1710) *

Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough Lieutenant-General Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough (30 November 1686 – 29 January 1740), of Stansted Park, Sussex and Lumley Castle, County Durham, known as Viscount Lumley from 1710 to 1721, was a British Army officer and Whig poli ...

, (1688 – 29 January 1739) *Mary, (14 December 1690 – 12 December 1726), who married George Montague, 1st Earl of Halifax *William, (died 9 April 1709) * Thomas Lumley, 3rd Earl of Scarborough, (1691 – 15 March 1752) * Charles Lumley (c.1693–1728) *Ann (died 28 February 1740) * John Lumley (c.1703–1739) * James Lumley (c.1706–1766)

References

, - , - , - , - , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Scarbrough, Richard Lumley, 1st Earl Of British Life Guards officers Carabiniers (6th Dragoon Guards) officers Sussex Militia officers Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster Lord-lieutenants of Durham Lord-lieutenants of Northumberland 1650s births 1721 deaths Earls of Scarbrough Peers of England created by Charles II People of the Glorious Revolution Barons Lumley