Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford
KG (15 August 1385 – 15 February 1417) was the son and heir of
Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford
Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford (c. 1338 – 23 April 1400) was the third son of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford and Maud de Badlesmere, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere.
Aubrey de Vere had three brothers, ...
. He took part in the trial of
Richard, Earl of Cambridge
Richard of Conisbrough, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (20 July 1385 – 5 August 1415) was the second son of Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, and Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York. He was beheaded for his part in the Southampton Plot, a conspir ...
, and
Lord Scrope for their part in the
Southampton Plot
The Southampton Plot was a conspiracy to depose King Henry V of England, revealed in 1415 just as the king was about to sail on campaign to France as part of the Hundred Years' War. The plan was to replace him with Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of ...
, and was one of the commanders at
Agincourt in 1415.
Career
Richard de Vere, born 15 August 1385, was the eldest son of
Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford
Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford (c. 1338 – 23 April 1400) was the third son of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford and Maud de Badlesmere, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere.
Aubrey de Vere had three brothers, ...
, and his wife
Alice Fitzwalter, daughter of
John, 3rd Baron Fitzwalter, by Eleanor Percy, daughter of
Henry de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy
Henry Percy, 9th Baron Percy of Topcliffe, 2nd Baron Percy of Alnwick (6 February 1301 – 26 February 1352) was the son of Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy of Alnwick, and Eleanor Fitzalan, daughter of Sir Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel, a ...
. The 10th Earl died on 23 April 1400 while Richard was underage. His wardship was initially granted to his mother, but after her death on 29 April 1401,
King Henry IV granted it to his mother-in-law,
Joan de Bohun, Countess of Hereford. Oxford had
livery
A livery is an identifying design, such as a uniform, ornament, symbol, or insignia that designates ownership or affiliation, often found on an individual or vehicle. Livery often includes elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or ...
of his lands on 21 December 1406 without proof of age.
From 1410 onwards Oxford was appointed as a commissioner in Essex on various occasions, and in November 1411 was a Trier of Petitions from overseas in
Parliament
In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...
.
In August 1412 Oxford was among those who sailed to Normandy under
Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, to aid the
Armagnac party against the
Burgundians
The Burgundians were an early Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe or group of tribes. They appeared east in the middle Rhine region in the third century AD, and were later moved west into the Roman Empire, in Roman Gaul, Gaul. In the first and seco ...
. According to Pugh, the members of the nobility who accompanied the Duke of Clarence on this expedition did so in hope of financial gain, Oxford's earldom, in particular, having suffered from forfeitures and attainders during the lives of his predecessors which had made him 'the poorest member of the English higher nobility'. Another member of the Duke of Clarence's expedition was
Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, and three years later, on 5 August 1415, Oxford was among the peers at the trial, presided over by the Duke of Clarence, which condemned to death Cambridge and
Lord Scrope for their part in the
Southampton Plot
The Southampton Plot was a conspiracy to depose King Henry V of England, revealed in 1415 just as the king was about to sail on campaign to France as part of the Hundred Years' War. The plan was to replace him with Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of ...
on the eve of
Henry V's invasion of France. A few days later Oxford sailed to France with the King, and was one of the commanders at
Agincourt on 25 October 1415.
In May 1416 Oxford was invested with the
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. The most senior order of knighthood in the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom, British honours system, it is outranked in ...
, and in that year sailed with the fleet to relieve
Harfleur
Harfleur () is a Communes of France, commune in the Seine-Maritime Departments of France, department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy Regions of France, region of northern France.
It was the principal seaport in north-western Fr ...
, taking part in the naval battle at the mouth of the
Seine
The Seine ( , ) is a river in northern France. Its drainage basin is in the Paris Basin (a geological relative lowland) covering most of northern France. It rises at Source-Seine, northwest of Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plat ...
on 15 August.
Oxford died on 15 February 1417, aged 31, and was buried at
Earls Colne, Essex. His widow, Alice, married Sir Nicholas Thorley, of London,
Bobbingworth
Bobbingworth is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. The village is situated approximately north-west from Chipping Ongar, west from the county town of Chelmsford
Chelmsford () is a city in the Cit ...
, Essex, and Sawtres (in Thundridge), Hertfordshire, Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire, 1431–2. He served in the contingent of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. He and his wife, Countess Alice, presented to the churches of
Badlesmere, Kent
Badlesmere is a village and civil parish in the Swale district of Kent, England, about five miles south of Faversham and eight miles north of Ashford on the A251.
Also called ''Basmere'', 'Badelesmere' was recorded in Domesday Book, which ...
, 1421,
Aston Sandford, Buckinghamshire, 1422, and
St Erme, Cornwall, 1432. In October 1421 he was brought before a court consisting of the Regent, Beaufort, the Chancellor, Treasurer, Privy Seal, Justices of either Bench, and others of the council, and acknowledged that he had married the widowed Countess of Oxford without the king's permission. The Chancellor took into the king's hands all of the lands of the Countess until he made a fine for their recovery, and sent him to the Tower in irons, where he remained until February 1424, when the Countess had paid a full year's value of her lands. Alice obtained a papal
indult
In Catholic canon law, an indult is a permission or privilege, granted by the competent church authority – the Holy See or the diocesan bishop, as the case may be – for an exception from a particular norm of church law in an individual case ...
for plenary remission in 1426. In November 1426 he and his wife, Alice, were fully pardoned for having married without royal licence. In 1436 he and John Robessart, Knt. owed 110 marks to Lawrence Downe, Gent. In 1440 he and his wife, Alice, Countess of Oxford, John Passheley, and John Marny, Esq., sued John Balle, of
Chipping Norton
Chipping Norton is a market town and Civil parishes in England, civil parish in the Cotswolds in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England, about south-west of Banbury and north-west of Oxford. The United Kingdom Census 2011, 201 ...
, Oxfordshire, yeoman, in the Court of Common Pleas regarding a debt. Sir Nicholas Thorley died on 5 May 1442. His widow, Alice, Countess of Oxford, died on 18 May 1452, and was buried at
Earls Colne, Essex.
Marriages and issue
Oxford married twice:
*Firstly at some time before 1399, to Alice Holland, daughter of
John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter
John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, 1st Earl of Huntingdon ( 1352 – 16 January 1400) of Dartington Hall in Devon, was a half-brother of King Richard II (1377–1399), to whom he remained strongly loyal. He is primarily remembered for being suspe ...
by his wife
Princess Elizabeth, sister of
King Henry IV and daughter of
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399), was an English royal prince, military leader and statesman. He was the fourth son (third surviving) of King Edward III of England, and the father of King Henry IV of Englan ...
. Without progeny.
*Secondly in about 1406 or 1407 he married Alice Sergeaux (c. 1386 – 18 May 1452), widow of Guy St Aubyn of
St Erme,
Cornwall
Cornwall (; or ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South West England. It is also one of the Celtic nations and the homeland of the Cornish people. The county is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, ...
, and daughter of Sir Richard Sergeaux of Colquite,
Cornwall
Cornwall (; or ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South West England. It is also one of the Celtic nations and the homeland of the Cornish people. The county is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, ...
by his second wife, Philippe de Arundel (d. c. 1399), a daughter and co-heiress of Sir Edmund de Arundel, the bastardized son of
Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel
Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel, 8th Earl of Surrey ( 1313 – 24 January 1376) was an English nobleman and medieval military leader and distinguished admiral. Arundel was one of the wealthiest nobles, and most loyal noble retainer of the ...
by his first wife
Isabel Despenser, which marriage was annulled in 1344. By Alice Sergeaux he had three sons:
**
John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford
John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (23 April 1408 – 26 February 1462), was the son of Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford (1385? – 15 February 1417), and his second wife, Alice Sergeaux (1386–1452). A Lancastrian loyalist during the lat ...
, eldest son and heir.
**
Sir Robert Vere (1410–1461), of Haccombe,
Devon
Devon ( ; historically also known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by the Bristol Channel to the north, Somerset and Dorset to the east, the English Channel to the south, and Cornwall to the west ...
, who married (as her second husband) Joan Courtenay (d. before 3 August 1465), a daughter of
Sir Hugh Courtenay (d. 1425) of
Haccombe
Haccombe is a village and former civil parish and historic manor, now in the parish of Haccombe with Combe, in the Teignbridge district, in the county of Devon, England. It is situated 2 1/2 miles east of Newton Abbot, in the south of the coun ...
in Devon (by his second wife Philippa Archdekne, heiress of Haccombe) and widow of Sir Nicholas Carew (d. before 20 April 1448) of
Mohuns Ottery
Mohuns Ottery or Mohun's Ottery ( "moon's awtrey"),Gover, J.E.B., Mawer, A. & Stenton, F.M. (1931). ''The Place-Names of Devon''. English Place-Name Society. Vol viii. Part II. Cambridge University Press. p.642 is a house and historic Manorial ...
in Devon, of
Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire and of
Moulesford in Berkshire. By Joan Courtenay he had one son and one daughter:
***John Vere (d. before 15 March 1488), who married Alice Kilrington (Alias: Colbroke), and by her was father of
John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford
John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford, Lord Great Chamberlain Order of the Garter, KG Privy Council of England, PC (). was an English peerage, peer and courtier.
Early life
John de Vere, born around 1482, was the son of John de Vere and Alice Kilri ...
.
***Joan de Vere
**Sir Richard Vere, who married Margaret Percy (d. 22 September 1464), widow of
Henry Grey, 6th Baron Grey of Codnor (d. 17 July 1444), and daughter and co-heiress of Sir Henry Percy 'of Atholl' of
Harthill, Yorkshire, by his wife Elizabeth Bardolf, daughter of
William Bardolf, 4th Baron Bardolf by his wife Agnes Poynings.
[.]
Footnotes
References
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900, Volume 58
External links
Inquisition Post Mortem#633-653, dated 1417.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Oxford, Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of
1385 births
1417 deaths
Richard de Vere, 11th Earl
Richard
Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'st ...
14th-century English people
15th-century English nobility