Recognition may refer to:

Machine learning

Pattern recognition Pattern recognition is the task of assigning a class to an observation based on patterns extracted from data. While similar, pattern recognition (PR) is not to be confused with pattern machines (PM) which may possess PR capabilities but their p ...

, a branch of machine learning which encompasses the meanings below

Biometric

* Recognition of human individuals, or biometrics, used as a form of identification and access control **

Facial recognition system A facial recognition system is a technology potentially capable of matching a human face from a digital image or a Film frame, video frame against a database of faces. Such a system is typically employed to authenticate users through ID verif ...

, a system to identify individuals by their facial characteristics **

Fingerprint recognition A fingerprint is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger. The recovery of partial fingerprints from a crime scene is an important method of forensic science. Moisture and grease on a finger result in fingerprints on surfa ...

, automated method of verifying a match between two human fingerprints ** Handwritten biometric recognition, identifies the author of specific handwriting, offline (static) or in real-time (dynamic) **

Iris recognition Iris recognition is an automated method of biometrics, biometric identification that uses mathematical pattern-recognition techniques on video images of one or both of the iris (anatomy), irises of an individual's Human eye, eyes, whose complex ...

, a method of biometric identification

Linguistic

Language identification In natural language processing, language identification or language guessing is the problem of determining which natural language given content is in. Computational approaches to this problem view it as a special case of text categorization, sol ...

, the problem of identifying which natural language given content is in *

Natural language understanding Natural language understanding (NLU) or natural language interpretation (NLI) is a subset of natural language processing in artificial intelligence that deals with machine reading comprehension. NLU has been considered an AI-hard problem. Ther ...

, the parsing of the meaning of text *

Speech recognition Speech recognition is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enable the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. It is also ...

, the conversion of spoken words into text *

Speaker recognition Speaker recognition is the identification of a person from characteristics of voices. It is used to answer the question "Who is speaking?" The term voice recognition can refer to ''speaker recognition'' or speech recognition. Speaker verification ...

, the recognition of a speaker from their voice

Textual

Handwriting recognition Handwriting recognition (HWR), also known as handwritten text recognition (HTR), is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible handwriting, handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-screens ...

, the conversion of handwritten text into machine-encoded text *

Magnetic ink character recognition Magnetic ink character recognition code, known in short as MICR code, is a character recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to streamline the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents. MICR encoding, called the ...

, used mainly by the banking industry *

Optical character recognition Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronics, electronic or machine, mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo ...

, the conversion of typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text **

Automatic number plate recognition Automatic number-plate recognition (ANPR; see also other names below) is a technology that uses optical character recognition on images to read vehicle registration plates to create vehicle location data. It can use existing closed-circuit ...

, the use of optical character recognition to read vehicle registration plates

Other meanings in computer science

Activity recognition Activity recognition aims to recognize the actions and goals of one or more agents from a series of observations on the agents' actions and the environmental conditions. Since the 1980s, this research field has captured the attention of several co ...

, the recognition of events from videos or sensors *

Gesture recognition Gesture recognition is an area of research and development in computer science and language technology concerned with the recognition and interpretation of human gestures. A subdiscipline of computer vision, it employs mathematical algorithms to ...

, the interpretation of human gestures * Named entity recognition, the classification of elements in text into predefined categories *

Object recognition Object recognition – technology in the field of computer vision for finding and identifying objects in an image or video sequence. Humans recognize a multitude of objects in images with little effort, despite the fact that the image of the ...

Optical mark recognition Optical mark recognition (OMR) collects data from people by identifying markings on a paper. OMR enables the hourly processing of hundreds or even thousands of documents. A common application of this technology is used in exams, where students m ...

, the capturing of human-marked data from document forms * Sound recognition

Neuroscience and psychology

Visual object recognition Visual object recognition refers to the ability to identify the objects in view based on visual input. One important signature of visual object recognition is "object invariance", or the ability to identify objects across changes in the detailed c ...

Face perception Facial perception is an individual's understanding and interpretation of the face. Here, perception implies the presence of consciousness and hence excludes automated facial recognition systems. Although facial recognition is found in other spe ...

, the process by which the human brain understands and interprets the face *

Pareidolia Pareidolia (; ) is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus (physiology), stimulus, usually visual, so that one detects an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none. Pareidolia is a specific bu ...

, a psychological phenomenon in which a vague stimulus is perceived as significant *

Recall (memory) Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieving information from the past. Along with encoding (memory), encoding and storage (memory), storage, it is one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: fr ...

, the retrieval of events or information from the past *

Emotion recognition Emotion recognition is the process of identifying human emotion. People vary widely in their accuracy at recognizing the emotions of others. Use of technology to help people with emotion recognition is a relatively nascent research area. Gener ...

Pattern recognition (psychology) In psychology and cognitive neuroscience, pattern recognition is a cognitive process that matches information from a Stimulus (psychology), stimulus with information Recall (memory), retrieved from memory.Eysenck, Michael W.; Keane, Mark T. (2003 ...

In other sciences

Recognition (sociology) Recognition in sociology is the public acknowledgment of a person's status or merits (achievements, virtues, service, etc.). In psychology, excessively seeking for recognition is regarded as one of the defining traits of a narcissistic personal ...

, a public acknowledgement of person's status or merits *

Antigen recognition Antigen presentation is a vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing must occur before the antigen fragment can ...

, in immunology *

Intra-species recognition Intra-species recognition is the recognition by a member of an animal species of a conspecific (another member of the same species). In many species, such recognition is necessary for procreation. Different species may employ different methods, ...

, the recognition of another member of the same species *

Molecular recognition Supramolecular chemistry refers to the branch of chemistry concerning Chemical species, chemical systems composed of a integer, discrete number of molecules. The strength of the forces responsible for spatial organization of the system range from w ...

, the interaction between two or more molecules through non-covalent bonding

Arts and entertainment

The Recognition ''Dangerous Visions'' is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by American writer Harlan Ellison and illustrated by Leo and Diane Dillon. It was published in 1967 and contained 33 stories, none of which had been previously publishe ...

", a science fiction short story by J. G. Ballard *''

The Recognitions ''The Recognitions'' is the 1955 debut novel of American author William Gaddis. The novel was initially poorly received by critics. After Gaddis won a National Book Award in 1975 for his second novel, ''J R'', his first work gradually received ...

'', a 1955 postmodernist novel by William Gaddis *''Recognition'', an EP by

The Europeans ''The Europeans: A sketch'' is a short novel by Henry James, published in 1878. It is a comedy contrasting the behaviour and attitudes of two visitors from Europe with those of their relatives living in the "new" world of New England. The nov ...

* ''Recognise'' (album), a studio album by Fred V & Grafix, released in 2014 *"Recognise", a song by Lost Frequencies from the 2019 album '' Alive and Feeling Fine'' * "Recognize" (song), a 2014 song by PartyNextDoor *"Recognize", a song by Ol' Dirty Bastard from the 1999 album '' Nigga Please'' *"Recognize", a song by DJ Snake from the 2019 album '' Carte Blanche''

Law

Recognition (parliamentary procedure) In United States parliamentary procedure, recognition, or assignment of the floor, is the exclusive right to be heard at that time by a member of a deliberative assembly. With a few exceptions, a member must be recognized by the chairperson before ...

, the assignment of the floor *

Recognition (tax) In U.S. Federal income tax law, recognition is among a series of prerequisites to the manifestation of gains and losses used to determine tax liability. First, in the series for manifesting gain and loss, a taxpayer must " realize" gain and loss. T ...

, an income tax concept *

Recognition (family law) Recognition is the process in some jurisdictions whereby a man is recognised as the father of a child in situations of no presumption of paternity, generally because the mother is unwed. Historically, the Roman law principle of ''mater semper cert ...

, a process in some jurisdictions that confers legitimacy on a child *

Diplomatic recognition Diplomatic recognition in international law is a unilateral declarative political act of a state that acknowledges an act or status of another state or government in control of a state (may be also a recognized state). Recognition can be acc ...

, the acceptance of the sovereignty of a political entity *

Legal recognition Legal recognition of a status or fact in a jurisdiction is a formal acknowledgment of it as being true, valid, legal, or worthy of consideration, and may involve approval or the granting of rights. For example, a nation or territory may require ...

, recognition of a legal right in a jurisdiction

Other uses

*Recognise, a campaign by Reconciliation Australia for constitutional reform * Aircraft recognition, the skill of identifying aircraft on sight *

Revenue recognition In accounting, the revenue recognition principle states that revenues are earned and recognized when they are realized or realizable, no matter when cash is received. It is a cornerstone of accrual accounting together with the matching princip ...

, in accrual accounting