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Ramón Arturo Cáceres Vasquez (15 December 1866, Moca, Dominican Republic – 19 November 1911,
Santo Domingo Santo Domingo, formerly known as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic and the List of metropolitan areas in the Caribbean, largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean by population. the Distrito Na ...
), nicknamed Mon Cáceres, was a
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. It shares a Maritime boundary, maritime border with Puerto Rico to the east and ...
politician and minister of the Armed Forces. He was the 31st
president of the Dominican Republic The president of the Dominican Republic () is both the head of state and head of government of the Dominican Republic. The presidential system was established in 1844, following the proclamation of the republic during the Dominican War of In ...
(1906–1911). He served as vice president under
Carlos Felipe Morales Carlos Felipe Morales Languasco (23 August 1867 – 1 March 1914) was a People of the Dominican Republic, Dominican priest, politician and military figure who was President of the Dominican Republic from 1903 to 1905. Early life Carlos Mora ...
until assuming office in 1906. Cáceres was the leader of the right-wing Red Party. Cáceres was assassinated in 1911 after being ambushed by rebels and killed in his car. His death was followed by a civil war and, ultimately, by the U.S. occupation of the Dominican Republic in 1916. A
metro station A metro station or subway station is a train station for a rapid transit system, which as a whole is usually called a "metro" or "subway". A station provides a means for passengers to purchase tickets, board trains, and evacuate the syste ...
in Santo Domingo is named after him.


Early life

Ramón Cáceres was born in the
Cibao The Cibao, usually referred as El Cibao, is a region of the Dominican Republic located in the northern part of the country. As of 2009, the Cibao region has a population of 5,622,378, making it the most populous region in the country. The region ...
region in the town of Moca, Espaillat. His father was Manuel Cáceres, a former president of the
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. It shares a Maritime boundary, maritime border with Puerto Rico to the east and ...
, and his mother was Remigia Vásquez. He participated in politics during his youth and studied law. Cáceres was known for his physical strength, as well as being a great horseman and an expert
marksman A marksman is a person who is skilled in precision shooting. In modern military usage this typically refers to the use of projectile weapons such as an accurized telescopic sight, scoped long gun such as designated marksman rifle (or a sniper ri ...
.


Political career

Cáceres participated in the execution of the president Ulises Heureaux (Lilís) on July 26, 1899 in the city of Moca. Cáceres later became the constitutional President of the Republic. During his mandate, the 1907 Dominican American Convention is signed. In 1907 he promulgated a new Constitution, by virtue of which he was re-elected in 1908. From the beginning of his government, Cáceres, like his predecessors, had to face groups that sought to overthrow him. One of the most important guerilla outbreaks that occurred was that of the Northwest Line, led by the jimenista Desiderio Arias who maintained absolute control of the area. (Demetrio Rodríguez had fallen in Puerto Plata on January 3, 9 days before Cáceres officially assumed the Presidency on January 12, 1906.) To deal with this situation, Cáceres moved to Monte Cristi with his troops and military advisers. It practically devastated that area, concentrating the food supply in certain places and ordering the transfer of livestock to the interior of the Cibao within 20 days. Part of the population submitted to the measures, while many others strongly opposed him. Agricultural and livestock activities were affected. However, President Cáceres managed to control the insurgents. He used the same methods in the southern region, managing to repress the leaders of that area. One of the tactics used by Cáceres was to send emissaries to the places where the regional leaders were most powerful, with the instruction that they meet in a neutral place to achieve a peace agreement. This meeting was a trap, the opposing leaders, present there, were finally surrounded by the army and eliminated from the road. During Cáceres's mandate, great importance was given to military affairs. He created a professional army to replace the private armies that led various regional leaders. Along with this army, he reorganized the Rural Guard created during the Morales government and turned it into a police force for the entire country, calling it the Republican Guard, also popularly called the Mon Guard. It was characterized because it imposed its authority and was faithful to the President. Because there were many sectors that did not support his government, various plots were formed against him, and on November 19, 1911, a group led by Luis Tejera intercepted the car in which he used to ride with one of his women. When the car in which Ramón Cáceres was driving approached the group, there was a shooting. President Cáceres was shot several times and killed by the General Luís Tejera, who was later taken to the Ozama Fortress where he was executed. Cáceres's cousin, Horacio Vásquez, also served as President of the Dominican Republic.


See also

* Los Coludos


References

*Selden Rodman, ''Quisqueya: A History of the Dominican Republic'' (1964), pp. 102–127. , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Caceres Vasquez, Ramon 1866 births 1911 deaths People from Espaillat Province People from Moca, Dominican Republic Dominican Republic people of Spanish descent Presidents of the Dominican Republic Vice presidents of the Dominican Republic Assassinated Dominican Republic politicians People murdered in the Dominican Republic Red Party (Dominican Republic) politicians Children of presidents of the Dominican Republic White Dominicans Politicians assassinated in the 1910s Assassinated presidents in North America National presidents assassinated in the 20th century