Radzyń Chełmiński (; ) is a
town
A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city.
The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in
Grudziądz County
Grudziądz County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed i ...
,
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship * Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) in Poland.
* Kuyavian-Pomeranian is one of 13 Polish constituency of the European Parliament.
* Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Assembly is the regional legislature of t ...
,
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
, with 1,946 inhabitants (2004).
History
Radzyń is located within the historic
Chełmno Land
Chełmno land (, or Kulmerland) is a part of the historical region of Pomerelia, located in central-northern Poland.
Chełmno land is named after the city of Chełmno. The largest city in the region is Toruń; another bigger city is Grudziąd ...
, which became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. Radzyń was a
royal town of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the
Chełmno Voivodeship
The Chełmno Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland since 1454/1466 until the Partitions of Poland in 1772/1793. Its capital was at Chełmno.
Together wi ...
. It was annexed by
Prussia
Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...
in the
First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia an ...
in 1772. In October and November 1831, various Polish cavalry and infantry units and intendant troops of the
November Uprising
The November Uprising (1830–31) (), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution,
was an armed rebellion in Russian Partition, the heartland of Partitions of Poland, partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. ...
stopped near the town on the way to their internment places. The town was restored to Poland after the nation regained independence in the aftermath of
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
in 1918.
During the
German occupation of Poland
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany, the country of the Germans and German things
**Germania (Roman era)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
(
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
), in autumn of 1939, the Germans carried out mass arrests of local
Poles
Pole or poles may refer to:
People
*Poles (people), another term for Polish people, from the country of Poland
* Pole (surname), including a list of people with the name
* Pole (musician) (Stefan Betke, born 1967), German electronic music artist
...
as part of the ''
Intelligenzaktion
The ''Intelligenzaktion'' (), or the Intelligentsia mass shootings, was a series of mass murders committed against the Polish people, Polish intelligentsia (teachers, priests, physicians, and other prominent members of Polish society) during the ...
''.
Arrested Poles were imprisoned in nearby
Rywałd and then massacred in the forests of nearby
Stara Ruda.
[
]
Points of interest
The town contains the ruins of Radzyń Chełmiński Castle, first built in 1234 by the Teutonic Knights
The Teutonic Order is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to t ...
.
Other Gothic sights include the parish church of St. Anne, which construction started about 1310 and finished about 1340, and the chapel of St. George. A memorial dedicated to local Poles-victims of World War II and Nazi Germany-is located at the market square.
Album widokow przedstawiajacych miejsca historyczne Ksiestwa Poznanskiego i Prus Zachodnich 1880 (5414533) (cropped).jpg, 19th-century view of the castle ruins
Radzyń Chełminski, the church of St. Ann.jpg, Saint Anne church
Radzyń Chełmiński, kaplica cmentarna św. Jerzego.jpg, Saint George chapel
Radzyn Chelminski, monument, market square.jpg, Memorial to the local victims of World War II and Nazi Germany
Radzyń Chełmiński, poczta.jpg, Polish Post office
Sports
The local football
Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
team is Radzynianka Radzyń Chełmiński. It competes in the lower leagues.
References
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Grudziądz County