As defined by

FS-1037C Federal Standard 1037C, titled Telecommunications: Glossary of Telecommunication Terms, is a United States Federal Standard issued by the General Services Administration pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, a ...

and

ITU Radio Regulations The ITU Radio Regulations (short: RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation ...

, radiodeterminationITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.9, definition: ''radiodetermination'' is:

"the determination of the
position Position often refers to: * Position (geometry), the spatial location (rather than orientation) of an entity * Position, a job or occupation Position may also refer to: Games and recreation * Position (poker), location relative to the dealer * ...
,
velocity Velocity is the directional speed of an object in motion as an indication of its rate of change in position as observed from a particular frame of reference and as measured by a particular standard of time (e.g. northbound). Velocity i ...
or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to these
parameter A parameter (), generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when ...
s, by means of the
propagation Propagation can refer to: * Chain propagation in a chemical reaction mechanism *Crack propagation, the growth of a crack during the fracture of materials *Propaganda, non-objective information used to further an agenda *Reproduction, and other form ...
properties of
radio wave Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies of 300 gigahertz ( GHz) and below. At 300 GHz, the corresponding wavelength is 1 mm (sho ...
s''."

There are two main fields to radiodetermination: *

radionavigation Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of radiodetermination. The basic principles a ...

: "used for the purposes of

navigation Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.Bowditch, 2003:799. The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navigation, ...

, including obstruction warning", which is mainly active; *

radiolocation Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive uses, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, ...

: "used for purposes other than those of radionavigation", which is mainly passive.

Examples

Radiotriangulation.jpg,

Triangulation In trigonometry and geometry, triangulation is the process of determining the location of a point by forming triangles to the point from known points. Applications In surveying Specifically in surveying, triangulation involves only angle ...

using radiodetermination British Post Office interference finding truck 1927.jpg, British Post Office mobile RDF, 1927 NSGA Galeta Island Site.jpg, Direction-finding system Galeta Island Pelengator.jpg, Direction finder with direction-finding aerial

International regulation

Radiodetermination service is – according to ''Article 1.40'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU)

Radio Regulations Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities. International regulation The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the Unit ...

(RR) – defined as «''A

radiocommunication service Radio communication service or radiocommunication service is according to Article 1.19 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (ITU RR),ITU Radio Regulations, Section III – Radio services, Article 1.19, definition: R ...

for the purpose of radiodetermination''.»

Classification

This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows:
Radiodetermination service (article 1.40) *

Radiodetermination-satellite service Radiodetermination-satellite service is – according to ''Article 1.41'' of the International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations, Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''A radiocommunica ...

' (article 1.41) *

Radionavigation service Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of radiodetermination. The basic principles ar ...

(article 1.42) **

Radionavigation-satellite service A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning. It allows satellite navigation devices to determine their location (longitude, latitude, and altitude/elevation) to high pr ...

(article 1.43) **

Maritime radionavigation service Maritime radionavigation service (short: MRNS) is – according to ''Article 1.44'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.44, defin ...

(article 1.444) ***

Maritime radionavigation-satellite service Maritime radionavigation-satellite service (short: MRNSS) is – according to ''Article 1.45'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article ...

(article 1.45) **

Aeronautical radionavigation service Aeronautical radionavigation service (short: ARNS) is – according to ''Article 1.46'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "''A radionavigation service intended for the benefit and for the ...

(article 1.46) ***

Aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service Aeronautical radionavigation-satellite (short: ARNSS) is – according to ''Article 1.47'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.47, ...

(article 1.47) *

Radiolocation service Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive uses, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, ...

(article 1.48) **

Radiolocation-satellite service Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive uses, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, w ...

(article 1.49)

Stations

A radiodetermination station is – according to ''article 1.86'' of the International Telecommunication Union´s (ITU)

(RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.86, definition: ''radiodetermination station'' – defined as "A radio station in the radiodetermination service."" A ''radiodetermination station'' uses reception of

radio wave Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies of 300 gigahertz ( GHz) and below. At 300 GHz, the corresponding wavelength is 1 mm (sho ...

s in order to determine the location of an object, under the condition that this thing is reflecting and/or transmitting radio waves. This designation may also be the collective name of any radar set in general, up to target location, illuminating, acquisition and tracking, as well as radar sigh, altimeter and precision-guided munitions or bombs. Each ''radiodetermination station'' shall be classified by the ''radiocommunication service'' in which it operates permanently or temporarily. In accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) this type of ''radio station'' might be classified as follows:
Radiodetermination station *

Radionavigation mobile station Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of radiodetermination. The basic principles a ...

(article 1.87) of the radionavigation service (article 1.42) *

Radionavigation land station Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of radiodetermination. The basic principles ar ...

(article 1.88) of the radionavigation service * Radiolocation mobile station (article 1.89) of the radiolocation service (article 1.48) *

Radiolocation land station Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive uses, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, w ...

(article 1.90) of the radiolocation service *

Radio direction-finding station Direction finding (DF), or radio direction finding (RDF), isin accordance with International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)defined as radio location that uses the reception of radio waves to determine t ...

(article 1.91) ;Selection ''radiodetermination stations'': Radar antenna.jpg, Tesla OPRL-4.jpg, Radar PRV-17 2009 G2.jpg, RAAF radar.jpg, Cavalierairforcestationparcs.jpg, APAR.jpg, ME-110G-2 at RAF Hendon.jpg, Mark 68 director containing SPG-53.jpg, US Navy 060109-N-3019M-012 The heavy lift vessel MV Blue Marlin enters Pearl Harbor, Hawaii with the Sea Based X-Band Radar (SBX) aboard.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-356-1845-08, Frankreich, Radar an der Kanalküste.jpg,

References

External links

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
International Telecommunication Union Wireless locating