The (, "National pronunciation poetry collection") is a collection of

Vietnamese Vietnamese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia * Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam ** Overseas Vietnamese, Vietnamese people living outside Vietna ...

poetry written in the vernacular script. It is attributed to

Nguyễn Trãi Nguyễn Trãi (阮廌), pen name Ức Trai (抑齋); (1380–1442) was an illustrious Vietnamese Confucian scholar, a noted poet, a skilled politician and a master strategist. He was at times attributed with being capable of almost miraculous or ...

(: ). The collection of 254 poems was traditionally written after Nguyễn Trãi's retirement from court life. It was compiled around the reign of emperor

Lê Thánh Tông Lê Thánh Tông (黎聖宗; 25 August 1442 – 3 March 1497), personal name Lê Hạo, temple name Thánh Tông, courtesy name Tư Thành, was an emperor of Đại Việt, reigning from 1460 to 1497, the fifth and the longest-reigning empero ...

(1460–1497).

Background

helped lead the development of as a script for Vietnamese, and it contains poetic themes not found in

Literary Chinese Classical Chinese is the language in which the classics of Chinese literature were written, from . For millennia thereafter, the written Chinese used in these works was imitated and iterated upon by scholars in a form now called Literary ...

poems. The text itself contains approximately 12,500 different characters that were used during the 15th century. The text tended to use characters for their sound rather than use phono-semantic characters that were later created as the was being developed. An example would be the phrase : normally it would be read as , but it is read as according to the reading.

Text

Influence

The original influenced emperor-reformer

was best known for his legal code. Lê Thánh Tông was also a poet and organized a literary group in 1495 called (: ). The group produced another vernacular collection, the (, " National pronunciation poetry collection").Mona Baker, Gabriela Saldanha ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies'' 2009 - Page 532 "The staff of Nam Phong also translated early Vietnamese texts in Chinese and Nôm into chữ Quốc ngữ, for example Hồng Đức quốc-âm thi-tập (Collected Poems of the Hồng Đức Period) and Phan Huy Chú's Lịch triều hiến chương loại chí (Regulations Made by the Various Dynasties, Arranged in Categories)."

Notes

References

Vietnamese poems Lê dynasty literature {{poetry-collection-stub