Quednau Church Severnaya Gora (; "North Mountain") is part of the

Leningradsky District Leningradsky District (Russian language, Russian: Ленинградский район) is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. Districts of the federal subjects *Leningradsky District, Krasnodar Krai, an adminis ...

in northern

Kaliningrad Kaliningrad,. known as Königsberg; ; . until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an Enclave and exclave, exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland ( west of the bulk of Russia), located on the Prego ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. It was formerly known by its German name Quednau as first a suburb of and then a quarter of

Königsberg Königsberg (; ; ; ; ; ; , ) is the historic Germany, German and Prussian name of the city now called Kaliningrad, Russia. The city was founded in 1255 on the site of the small Old Prussians, Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teuton ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

History

Quednau was first documented in 1255 as a region populated by

Old Prussians Old Prussians, Baltic Prussians or simply Prussians were a Balts, Baltic people that inhabited the Prussia (region), region of Prussia, on the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea between the Vistula Lagoon to the west and the Curonian Lagoon ...

at the foot of a 54 m high hill, the Quednauer Berg. The hill was also known as the Pikollosberg, after the Old Prussian god Pikollos, and the Apolloberg, regarding

Apollo Apollo is one of the Twelve Olympians, Olympian deities in Ancient Greek religion, ancient Greek and Ancient Roman religion, Roman religion and Greek mythology, Greek and Roman mythology. Apollo has been recognized as a god of archery, mu ...

being a malapropism of Pikollos.Weise, p. 182 Nalube, a native of Quednau, led a group of Sambians during the Siege of Königsberg and burned down the initial settlement. In 1258, Quednau was documented as ''Quedenow,'' and in 1302 as ''Quidenowe'' and ''Quedemnowe''. A castle of the Bishop of Samland existed in Quednau from 1302 to 1427. Quednau eventually passed to the town of Löbenicht. The vicinity suffered from revolt after the creation of the

Duchy of Prussia The Duchy of Prussia (, , ) or Ducal Prussia (; ) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control of the State of the Teutonic Order until t ...

in 1525; the Prussian nobility negotiated with the peasants at Quednau on 8 September 1525. During the 18th century, Quednau was part of Amt Kalthof. Much of the village was dismantled by French troops to create barracks in June 1807 during the

War of the Fourth Coalition The War of the Fourth Coalition () was a war spanning 1806–1807 that saw a multinational coalition fight against Napoleon's First French Empire, French Empire, subsequently being defeated. The main coalition partners were Kingdom of Prussia, ...

. Politically active students from the

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg () was the university of Königsberg in Duchy of Prussia, which was a fief of Poland. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant Reformation, Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke A ...

held a commercium in Quednau in 1839. On 18 October 1863, a celebration was held in Quednau by Königsberg's men's gymnastics club to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the

Battle of Leipzig The Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations, was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 at Leipzig, Saxony. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Tsar Alexander I, Karl von Schwarzenberg, and G ...

. The community's church was the Gothic Quednau Church. The Fort III König Friedrich Wilhelm, named in 1894, was built near Quednauer Berg as part of the new Königsberg fortifications constructed from 1872 to 1894. The estate of Quednau was for long in the possession of the Olfers family. Quednau developed into a garden town in the first half of the 20th century. Southernmost Quednau was incorporated into the city of Königsberg in 1927, with the remainder following in 1939. Maraunenhof was to the southwest and Kummerau to the southeast. In 1888, the fort III König Friedrich Wilhelm I. was built on Quednauer Berg as part of the Königsberg fortifications;Gause II, p. 630 the 367 Infanterie Division was based out of it until 7 April 1945. Physicist Siegfried Grossmann (born 1930) is a native of Quednau. Königsberg was transferred to

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

control in 1945 after

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. Königsberg was subsequently renamed to ''Kaliningrad'' and Quednau to ''Severnaya Gora''.

Notes

References

* * * * * * {{coord, 54.7611, N, 20.5458, E, source:wikidata, display=title 1302 establishments in Europe 14th-century establishments in Russia Geography of Kaliningrad