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The Qom Seminary () is the largest Islamic seminary (''
Official website
{{Coord, 34.6414, N, 50.8800, E, source:wikidata, display=title Islamic seminaries and theological colleges Islam in Iran Hawza Buildings and structures in Qom Education in Qom Province Single-gender schools Islamic terminology Islamic education Islamic education in Iran Islamic schools Seminaries and theological colleges in Iran Qom Seminary Law schools in Iran
The Qom Seminary () is the largest Islamic seminary (''hawza
A hawza ( ar, حوزة) or ḥawzah ʿilmīyah ( ar, حوزة علمیة) is a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated.
The word ''ḥawzah'' is found in Arabic as well as the Persian language. In Arabic, the word means "to hold s ...
'') in Iran, established in 1922 by Grand Ayatollah
Marji ( ar, مرجع, transliteration: ''marjiʿ''; plural: ''marājiʿ''), literally meaning "source to follow" or "religious reference", is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia authority, a Grand Ayatollah with the authority giv ...
Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi in Qom
Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its popul ...
. It trains Usuli
Usulis ( ar, اصولیون, fa, اصولیان) are the majority Twelver Shi'a Muslim group. They differ from their now much smaller rival Akhbari group in favoring the use of '' ijtihad'' (i.e., reasoning) in the creation of new rules of ...
scholars.
History
Although bigShi'a
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most ...
academies existed in Qom dating back as early as 10th century CE, the hawza of the city became prominent at the time of the Safavids
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...
when Shi'a Islam became the official religion of Iran. The famous teachers of that era included Mulla Sadra
Ṣadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī, more commonly known as Mullā Ṣadrā ( fa, ملا صدرا; ar, صدر المتألهین) (c. 1571/2 – c. 1635/40 CE / 980 – 1050 AH), was a Persian Twelver Shi'i Islamic mystic, philosopher, the ...
and Shaykh Bahai. The modern Qom hawza was revitalized by Abdul Karim Haeri Yazdi and Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hossein Ali Tababataei Borujerdi (Luri/ fa, آیت الله العظمی سید حسین طباطبایی بروجردی; 23 March 1875 – 30 March 1961) was a leading Iranian Shia Marja' in Iran from approximately 1947 t ...
and is barely a century old. There are nearly three hundred thousand clerics in Iran’s seminaries. Grand Ayatollah Hossein Vahid Khorasani currently heads the Qom Seminary.
Law school
Because Sharia is legally binding in Iran, the Qom seminary also functions as alaw school
A law school (also known as a law centre or college of law) is an institution specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a lawyer within a given jurisdiction.
Law degrees Argentina
In Argentina, ...
in Iran. Ebrahim Raisi
Sayyid Ebrahim Raisolsadati ( fa, سید ابراهیم رئیسالساداتی; born 14 December 1960), commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi ( fa, ابراهیم رئیسی ), is an Iranian principlist politician, Muslim jurist, and the eighth ...
, the former Chief Justice of the Islamic republic of Iran, is one of the more prominent alumni of the Qom seminary.
All judges in the Islamic Republic of Iran must have received education in Islamic Law; most qadi
A qāḍī ( ar, قاضي, Qāḍī; otherwise transliterated as qazi, cadi, kadi, or kazi) is the magistrate or judge of a ''sharīʿa'' court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minor ...
s are "members of the group of ruling clergies."
Notable teachers
See also
*Fatima Masumeh Shrine
The Shrine of Fatima Masumeh ( fa, حرم فاطمه معصومه translit. ''haram-e fateme-ye masumeh'') is located in Qom, which is considered by Shia Muslims to be the second most sacred city in Iran after Mashhad.
Fatima Masumeh was the si ...
*Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom
The Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom ( fa, جامعهٔ مدرسین حوزهٔ علمیهٔ قم, jâme'e madrasin howze 'ilmiah Qom) is an Iranian group founded in 1961/3 by the leading Muslim clerics of Qom. Established by the students ...
* Hawza Najaf
* Marjaʿ
* Lists of Maraji
* Isfahan Seminary
References
External links
Official website
{{Coord, 34.6414, N, 50.8800, E, source:wikidata, display=title Islamic seminaries and theological colleges Islam in Iran Hawza Buildings and structures in Qom Education in Qom Province Single-gender schools Islamic terminology Islamic education Islamic education in Iran Islamic schools Seminaries and theological colleges in Iran Qom Seminary Law schools in Iran