''Peggy'' was built at Calcutta in 1793 and initially sailed in the Indian coastal and Far East trade. In 1801 she assumed British registry and her name was changed to ''Juliana''. Her owners sold her to the Transport Board but in 1804 the government resold her and she was sailing as a

West Indiaman West Indiaman was a general name for any merchantman sailing ship making runs from the Old World to the West Indies and the east coast of the Americas. These ships were generally strong ocean-going ships capable of handling storms in the Atlantic ...

between London and Antigua. She then made two voyages for the British

East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

(EIC), and one voyage to

Hobart Hobart ( ; Nuennonne/Palawa kani: ''nipaluna'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Home to almost half of all Tasmanians, it is the least-populated Australian state capital city, and second-small ...

Van Dieman's Land Van Diemen's Land was the colonial name of the island of Tasmania used by the British during the European exploration of Australia in the 19th century. A British settlement was established in Van Diemen's Land in 1803 before it became a sepa ...

, transporting

convicts A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convict ...

. On her return from this voyage she wrecked in 1821 on the English coast.

Career

''Juliana'' was accepted into the Registry of Great Britain on 14 December 1801. She was sold to the Government for service with the Transport Board. ''Juliana'' entered ''

Lloyd's Register Lloyd's Register Group Limited (LR) is a technical and professional services organisation and a maritime classification society, wholly owned by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a UK charity dedicated to research and education in science and ...

'' for 1805 with F. Smith, master, Boyd, owner, and trade London-Antigua.''Lloyd's Register'' (1805), Supple. Seq. №68.
/ref> She also enters the ''Register of Shipping'' in 1805, but with Bourne, master, Beatson, owner, and location London.''Register of Shipping'' (1805), Seq.No.1006.
/ref> In 1806 the information in the ''Register of Shipping'' matches that in ''Lloyd's Register''. On 15 February 1808 captured near Barbados the French

privateer A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or deleg ...

brig A brig is a type of sailing vessel defined by its rig: two masts which are both square rig, square-rigged. Brigs originated in the second half of the 18th century and were a common type of smaller merchant vessel or warship from then until the ...

. ''Malvina'' was commanded by René Salaun and carried 14 guns and 60 men. She had been travelling with her prize, the British ship ''Juliana'', which ''Guerriere'' recaptured. ''Lloyd's Register'' for 1810 shows ''Juliana''s master changing from F. Smith to Toussaint, her owner from Boyd & Co. to Thomas & Co., and her trade from London—Antigua to London—Bengal. In 1810 the EIC chartered ''Juliana'' for one voyage. On her return it chartered her for a second voyage. First EIC voyage (1810–1811): Captain Jeremiah Richard James Toussaint acquired a letter of marque on 7 April 1810. He sailed from Portsmouth on 11 May 1810, bound for Bengal. ''Juliana'' was at Madeira on 27 May. On 4 July she and the convoy she was part of were "all well" at . They were under the escort of the frigate , which was going out to serve in the East Indies. ''Juliana'' reached

Madras Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...

on 12 October, and arrived at Calcutta on 1 December. Homeward bound she was at

Saugor Sagar is a city, municipal corporation and administrative headquarter in Sagar district of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Situated on a spur of the Vindhya Range, above sea-level. The city is around northeast of state capital ...

on 26 January 1811, reached St Helena on 11 May St Helena, and arrived at the Downs on 13 July. Second EIC voyage (1812–1813): Captain Richard Rawes acquired a letter of marque on 27 April 1812. He sailed from Falmouth on 15 May 1812, bound for

Batavia Batavia may refer to: Historical places * Batavia (region), a land inhabited by the Batavian people during the Roman Empire, today part of the Netherlands * Batavia, Dutch East Indies, present-day Jakarta, the former capital of the Dutch East In ...

, by then in English hands. ''Juliana'' reached Madeira on 3 June. On 7 July she and the convoy she was with were "all well" at . ''Juliana'' arrived at Batavia on 30 September. Homeward bound, she reached the

Cape of Good Hope The Cape of Good Hope ( af, Kaap die Goeie Hoop ) ;''Kaap'' in isolation: pt, Cabo da Boa Esperança is a rocky headland on the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa. A common misconception is that the Cape of Good Hope is t ...

on 19 March 1813 and St Helena on 10 April, and arrived at the Downs on 10 August. The EIC released ''Juliana'' from service, and Tibbitt & Co. purchased her for private trade to India under a licence from the EIC. He had applied for a licence on 22 May 1815 and had received it on 31 March. On 18 May 1820, a heavy gale drove ''Juliana'', Ogilvie, master, coming from Penang, out of the Downs and into the North Sea, costing her two anchors and cables. She returned three days later and received replacement anchors and cables from Ransgate. Convict transport (1820): In 1820 ''Juliana'' transported convicts to Hobart. She left on 3 September 1820 and arrived at Hobart on 28 December. She embarked 160 male convicts, one of whom died ''en route''. The ''Register of Shipping'' for 1821–22 showed ''Juliana'' with Ogilvie, master, Palmer, owner, and trade London—New South Wales.''Register of Shipping'' (1822), Seq. №1050.
/ref>

Fate

On 23 December 1821 a gale blew ''Juliana'', Ogilvie, master, from Bengal, out of the Ramsgate

Roads A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types of ...

and cost her two anchors and a cable. She sent a boat to shore to get replacements, and the boat was supposed to deliver them on the evening tide. However, ''Juliana'' was wrecked on the Kentish Knock at the mouth of the River Thames. Forty lives were lost; there were only two survivors.''Lloyd's List'' №5657.
/ref>

Notes, citations and references

Notes Citations References * * * * * {{1821 shipwrecks 1793 ships British ships built in India Ships of the British East India Company Convict ships to Tasmania Age of Sail merchant ships Merchant ships of the United Kingdom Maritime incidents in December 1821