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The ''pallium'' was a Roman cloak. It was similar in form to the '' French article about ''De Pallio''
It is not to be confused with the ''
Roman Women's Dress
', Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. Roman-era clothing Byzantine clothing {{italic title
The ''pallium'' was a Roman cloak. It was similar in form to the ''palla Palla may refer to:
* Palla (garment), a women's headcloth or shawl from ancient Rome
* ''Palla'' (butterfly), a brush-footed butterfly genus described by Jacob Hübner in 1819
* Palla (troubadour), a twelfth-century minstrel from Galicia
* Pal ...
'', which had been worn by respectable Roman women since the mid-Republican era. It was a rectangular length of cloth, as was the ''himation
A himation ( grc, ἱμάτιον ) was a type of clothing, a mantle or wrap worn by ancient Greek men and women from the Archaic through the Hellenistic periods (c. 750–30 BC).
It was usually worn over a chiton and/or peplos, but was made of ...
'' in ancient Greece. It was usually made from wool
Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have properties similar to animal wool.
As ...
or flax
Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, ''Linum usitatissimum'', in the family Linaceae. It is cultivated as a food and fiber crop in regions of the world with temperate climates. Textiles made from flax are known in ...
, but for the higher classes it could be made of silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the coc ...
with the use of gold threads and embroideries.
The garment varied in fineness, colour and ornament. It could be white, purple
Purple is any of a variety of colors with hue between red and blue. In the RGB color model used in computer and television screens, purples are produced by mixing red and blue light. In the RYB color model historically used by painters, pu ...
red (''purpurea'' from murex
''Murex'' is a genus of medium to large sized predatory tropical sea snails. These are carnivorous marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, commonly called "murexes" or "rock snails".Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Murex Linnaeus, 1758 ...
), black, yellow, blue, pale green, etc.
The ''pallium'' was originally considered to be exclusively Greek and despised by Romans, but was favoured by ordinary people, philosophers, and pedagogues. Tertullian
Tertullian (; la, Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus; 155 AD – 220 AD) was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa. He was the first Christian author to produce an extensive corpus of L ...
thought it the most appropriate garment for philosophers and Christians.It is not to be confused with the ''
pallium
The pallium (derived from the Roman ''pallium'' or ''palla'', a woolen cloak; : ''pallia'') is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the pope, but for many centuries bestowed by the Holy See upon metropolit ...
'' used by Catholic clergy, which is related to the ''omophorion
In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic liturgical tradition, the ''omophorion'' ( grc-gre, ὠμοφόριον, meaning " omethingborne on the shoulders"; Slavonic: омофоръ, ''omofor'') is the distinguishing vestment of a bishop an ...
''.
See also
*Clothing in ancient Rome
Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls. On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped ov ...
*Abolla
An ''abolla'' was a cloak-like garment worn by Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks and Ancient Rome, Romans. Nonius Marcellus quotes a passage of Marcus Terentius Varro, Varro to show that it was a garment worn by soldiers (''vestis militaris''), and ...
*Paenula
The ''paenula'' or ''casula'' was a cloak worn by the Romans, akin to the poncho (''i.e.,'' a large piece of material with a hole for the head to go through, hanging in ample folds round the body). This was originally worn only by slaves, soldier ...
References
Bibliography
*Tertullian
Tertullian (; la, Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus; 155 AD – 220 AD) was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa. He was the first Christian author to produce an extensive corpus of L ...
, ''De Pallio''
*Suetonius
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly referred to as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire.
His most important surviving work is a set of biographies ...
, ''De Genere Vestium''
*Judith Lynn Sebesta, ''The World of Roman Costume'', Madison WI, University of Wisconsin Press, 1994
* Gaston Boissier
Marie-Louis-Antoine-Gaston Boissier (15 August 1823 – 20 November 1908), French classical scholar, and secretary of the Académie française, was born at Nîmes.
The Roman monuments of his native town very early attracted Gaston Boissier to the ...
, ''Le traité du manteau de Tertullien'' in "la Revue des Deux Mondes", 94/5, 1889, pp. 50–78
*Radicke, Jan: Roman Women's Dress
', Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. Roman-era clothing Byzantine clothing {{italic title