Prophalangopsidae

The family Prophalangopsidae are insects belonging to the order Orthoptera. They are the only extant members of the superfamily Hagloidea. There is only one extant genus in North America, where they are known as grigs, four genera in Asia, and many extinct genera (see below).

The earliest fossils of the family date to the Early Jurassic around 200 million years ago, and the family exhibited great diversity between the Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous, with their fossil record after that time being sparse.

The closest living relatives to the Prophalangopsidae are the family Tettigoniidae (katydids or bush-crickets), but the evolutionary split occurred more than 230 million years ago in the Permian.

The female of the species consumes the wings of the male during mating.

Haglidae is often used as a synonym of the family, but is used to refer to a distinct grouping of extinct hagloids by paleontologists.

Subfamilies and genera

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:Orthoptera Species File: Prophalangopsidae Kirby, 1906 (retrieved 5 January 2018)
/ref> Archibald, Gu, and Mathewes (2022) removed the genera †'' Albertoilus'' and †'' Palaeorehnia'' from the family, moving them to a revised † Palaeorehniidae which they considered unplaced as to superfamily.
* Cyphoderrinae Gorochov 1988
** '' Cyphoderris'' Uhler, 1864 (NW America)
** '' Paracyphoderris'' Storozhenko, 1980 (Siberia)
* Prophalangopsinae Kirby, 1906
** '' Aboilomimus'' Gorochov, 2001 (China)
** '' Prophalangopsis'' Walker, 1871 (Indian subcontinent)
** '' Tarragoilus'' Gorochov, 2001 (China)
** †'' Jurassobatea'' Zeuner, 1937 Solnhofen Limestone, Germany, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
** †'' Mesoprophalangopsis'' Hong, 1986 Haifanggou Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
** †'' Zalmonites'' Handlirsch, 1906 Green Series, Germany, Early Jurassic (Toarcian)
* †Aboilinae Martynov 1925
** †'' Aboilus'' Martynov, 1925 Badaowan Formation, China, Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) Kyzyl-Kiya, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic ( Pliensbachian), Huajiaozi, China, Early Jurassic (Toarcian), Iya, Russia, Early Jurassic, Ma'ao Formation, Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic, Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic, Talynzhan Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
** †'' Allaboilus'' Ren & Meng, 2006 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
** †'' Angustaboilus'' Li, Ren & Meng, 2007 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Apsataboilus'' Gorochov, 1990 Apsat, Russia, Early Cretaceous
** †'' Bacharaboilus'' Gorochov, 1988 Daohugou Beds, China, Bahar, Mongolia, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Baissaboilus'' Gorochov, 1996 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous
** †'' Brunneus'' Hong, 1983 Haifanggou Formation, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Circulaboilus'' Li, Ren & Wang, 2007 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Flexaboilus'' Li, Ren & Meng, 2007
** †'' Furcaboilus'' Li, Ren & Wang, 2007
** †'' Karatailus'' Gorochov, 1996 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic
** †'' Notohagla'' Johns, 1996 Puti Siltstone, New Zealand, Late Jurassic
** †'' Novaboilus'' Li, Ren & Meng, 2007 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Pamphagopsis'' Martynov, 1925 Sulyukta Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic (Toarcian), Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic
** †'' Procyrtophyllites'' Zeuner, 1935 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
** †'' Prophalangopseides'' Sharov, 1968 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous
** †'' Pseudohagla'' Sharov, 1962 Osinov Formation, Russia, Early Jurassic (Toarcian), Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Pycnophlebia'' Deichmuller, 1886 Haifanggou Formation, China, Middle Jurassic, Solnhofen Limestone, Germany, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
** †'' Sigmaboilus'' Fang, Zhang, Wang & Zhang, 2007 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Sunoprophalangopsis'' Hong, 1982 Jiulongshan Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
** †'' Tettaboilus'' Gorochov, 1988 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous
** †'' Utanaboilus'' Gorochov, 1990 Zaza Formation, Kuenga, Russia, Early Cretaceous
* †Chifengiinae Hong, 1982
** †'' Aenigmoilus'' Gorochov, Jarzembowski & Coram, 2006 Weald Clay Formation, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)
** †'' Aethehagla'' Meng & Ren, 2006 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
** †'' Ashanga'' Zherikhin, 1985 Uda Formation, Russia, Upper Jurassic, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian) Zhonggou Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Albian)
** †'' Ashangopsis'' Lin, Huang & Nel, 2008 Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
** †'' Chifengia'' Hong, 1982 Haifanggou Formation, China, Middle Jurassic, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
** †'' Grammohagla'' Meng & Ren, 2006
** †'' Habrohagla'' Ren, Lu, Guo & Ji, 1995
** †'' Hebeihagla'' Hong, 1982
** †'' Parahagla'' Sharov, 1968 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous, Chijinbao Formation, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
* †Protaboilinae Gorochov 1995
** †'' Protaboilus'' Gorochov, 1988 Kyzyl-Kiya, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic ( Pliensbachian), Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic
* †Termitidiinae Zeuner 1939
** †'' Agrionidium'' Westwood, 1854 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
** †'' Mesogryllus'' Handlirsch, 1906 Lulworth Formation, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
** †'' Pseudaboilus'' Gorochov, Jarzembowski & Coram, 2006 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian), China, Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)
** †'' Termitidium'' Westwood, 1854 Durlston Formation, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
** †'' Tettigoilus'' Gorochov, Jarzembowski & Coram, 2006 Weald Clay Formation, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)
** †'' Zalmona'' Giebel, 1856 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
* †Tettohaglinae Gorochov, 2011
** †'' Tettohagla'' Gorochov, 1996 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous
* undetermined subfamily:
** †'' Cratohaglopsis'' Martins-Neto, 1991 Crato Formation, Brazil, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
** †'' Kevania'' Martins-Neto, 1991 Crato Formation, Brazil, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
** †'' Sinoprophalangopsis'' Hong, 1983 Jiulongshan Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian)

References

External links

*
*

{{Taxonbar, from=Q389762

Orthoptera families
Extant Permian first appearances
Ensifera