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Fürstenberg was a county (german:
Graf (feminine: ) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as "count". Considered to be intermediate among noble ranks, the title is often treated as equivalent to the British title of "earl" (whose female version is "coun ...
schaft), and later a principality ('' Fürstentum''), of the
Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...
in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...
. Its ruling family was the
House of Fürstenberg A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air ...
.


History

The county emerged when Egino IV, Count of Urach by marriage, inherited large parts of the Duchy of Zähringen upon the death of Duke
Berthold V Berthold or Berchtold is a Germanic given name and surname. It is derived from two elements, ''berht'' meaning "bright" and ''wald'' meaning "(to) rule". It may refer to: *Bertholdt Hoover, a fictional character in the anime/manga series '' Attack ...
in 1218, and it was originally called the county of
Freiburg Freiburg im Breisgau (; abbreviated as Freiburg i. Br. or Freiburg i. B.; Low Alemannic: ''Friburg im Brisgau''), commonly referred to as Freiburg, is an independent city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With a population of about 230,000 (as o ...
. Egino's grandson, Count Henry, started naming himself after his residence at Fürstenberg Castle around 1250. The county was partitioned in 1284 between itself and the lower county of Dillingen, and then again in 1408 between
Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg was a territory in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was ruled by the House of Fürstenberg in the Circle of Swabia during the Holy Roman Empire. History The territory cons ...
and
Fürstenberg-Wolfach Fürstenberg-Wolfach was a county in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany during the Middle Ages. It occupied a region surrounding Wolfach. It was created as a partition of the County of Fürstenberg in 1408. With the extinction of its line of the F ...
. Over the centuries, the various rulers expanded their territories to include the
Landgraviate Landgrave (german: Landgraf, nl, landgraaf, sv, lantgreve, french: landgrave; la, comes magnus, ', ', ', ', ') was a noble title used in the Holy Roman Empire, and later on in its former territories. The German titles of ', ' (" margrave") ...
of Baar, the Lordships of
Gundelfingen Gundelfingen im Breisgau ( Low Alemannic: ''Gundelfinge im Brisgau'') is a municipality directly north of the city Freiburg in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Gundelfingen is one of the larger municipalities in the Breisgau-Hochschwarz ...
, Hausen,
Heiligenberg Heiligenberg is a municipality and a village in the Bodensee district in Baden-Württemberg, about seven kilometres north of Salem, in Germany. Location and climate Heiligenberg (literally: the Holy Mountain or the Mountain of Saints) is loca ...
, Höwen, and
Meßkirch Meßkirch (; Swabian: ''Mässkirch'') is a town in the district of Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The town was the residence of the counts of Zimmern, widely known through Count Froben Christoph's ''Zimmern Chronicle'' (1559–1 ...
, and the Landgraviate of
Stühlingen Stühlingen is a town in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the border with Switzerland, with a border crossing to the village of Oberwiesen in Schleitheim municipality, 15 km northwest of Schaffhausen t ...
in Germany, as well as domains around
Křivoklát Castle Křivoklát Castle is located in Central Bohemia, Czech Republic. History Křivoklát was founded in the 12th century, belonging to the kings of Bohemia. During the reign of Přemysl Otakar II a large, monumental royal castle was built, later r ...
(german: Pürglitz), Bohemia, Tavíkovice (German: ''Taikowitz'') in
Moravia Moravia ( , also , ; cs, Morava ; german: link=yes, Mähren ; pl, Morawy ; szl, Morawa; la, Moravia) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. Th ...
and
Weitra Weitra (; cs, Vitoraz) is a small town in the district of Gmünd in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Geography The municipality is situated amidst the extended forests of the rural Waldviertel region, close to the border with the Czech Rep ...
in
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
. In 1667,
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was a county and later a principality in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the historical territory of Heiligenberg. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar in 1559, and it suffered one partition ...
was raised to a principality and received a vote at the Reichstag. In 1744, various Fürstenberg territories were reunified to the Principality of
Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg was a territory in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was ruled by the House of Fürstenberg in the Circle of Swabia during the Holy Roman Empire. History The territory cons ...
, as all lines except one had become extinct. The Rheinbundakte of 1806 dissolved the state of Fürstenberg. Most of its territory was given to
Baden Baden (; ) is a historical territory in South Germany, in earlier times on both sides of the Upper Rhine but since the Napoleonic Wars only East of the Rhine. History The margraves of Baden originated from the House of Zähringen. Baden ...
, and smaller parts were given to
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Wür ...
,
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was a principality in Southwestern Germany. Its rulers belonged to the senior Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern. The Swabian Hohenzollerns were elevated to princes in 1623. The small sovereign state with the cap ...
, and
Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total l ...
.


Geography

As of 1789, the territory consisted of five larger, isolated parts as well as several smaller
exclave An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...
s. The five larger parts were: * Around
Donaueschingen Donaueschingen (; Low Alemannic: ''Eschinge'') is a German town in the Black Forest in the southwest of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the Schwarzwald-Baar '' Kreis''. It stands near the confluence of the two sources of the river ...
, including the
Landgraviate Landgrave (german: Landgraf, nl, landgraaf, sv, lantgreve, french: landgrave; la, comes magnus, ', ', ', ', ') was a noble title used in the Holy Roman Empire, and later on in its former territories. The German titles of ', ' (" margrave") ...
of Baar and the Lordship of Höwen as well as Fürstenberg Castle. Cities include Donaueschingen,
Hüfingen Hüfingen ( Low Alemannic: ''Hifinge'') is a town in the district of Schwarzwald-Baar, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Breg, 4 km south of the source of the Danube. History Hüfingen has the historical distinc ...
,
Engen Engen (延元) was a Japanese era of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kenmu and before Kōkoku, lasting from February 1336 to April 1340.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Engen''" i ''Japan encyclop ...
, Neustadt. Bordered by
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Wür ...
, the Abbacy of St. Blaise and others. Given to Baden. * The Lordship of Hausen. Cities:
Hausach Hausach (; gsw, label= Low Alemannic, Huusä) is a town in the Ortenaukreis, in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History Hausach was founded in the 13th century, below Husen Castle. In the 14th century, it became a possession of the Count ...
,
Wolfach Wolfach ( gsw, label=Low Alemannic, Wolfä) is a town in the Black Forest and part of the Ortenaukreis in Baden-Württemberg ( Germany). It is a well-known spa town. Geography Geographical Position Wolfach lies where the two rivers Wolf ...
, Haslach. Bordered by:
Bishopric of Strasbourg The Prince-Bishopric of Strasburg (german: Fürstbistum Straßburg; gsw-FR, Fìrschtbischofsìtz Strossburi(g)) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from the 13th century until 1803. During the late 17th century, most of ...
,
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Wür ...
,
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
Hohengeroldseck Hohengeroldseck was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. It was founded by the House of Geroldseck, a German noble family which arrived in the Ortenau region of Swabia reputedly in 948, though the first mention of the family is documented in the 108 ...
, Imperial City of
Zell Zell may refer to: Places Austria * Zell am See, in Salzburg state * Zell am Ziller, in Tyrol * Zell, Carinthia, in Carinthia * in Upper Austria: ** Bad Zell ** Zell am Moos ** Zell an der Pram ** Zell am Pettenfirst Germany * Zell im Fichtelge ...
, Imperial Valley of
Harmersbach Harmersbach (below its confluence with the ''Nordrach'': ''Erlenbach'') is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It passes through Zell am Harmersbach, and flows into the Kinzig in Biberach. Until 1806, the Harmersbach valley held the unique ...
. Given to Baden. * The Landgraviate of Stühlingen. Cities:
Stühlingen Stühlingen is a town in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the border with Switzerland, with a border crossing to the village of Oberwiesen in Schleitheim municipality, 15 km northwest of Schaffhausen t ...
. Bordered by: Abbacy of St. Blaise, Switzerland,
Landgraviate of Klettgau Klettgau ( High Alemannic: ''Chleggau'') is a municipality in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the centre of the ''Klettgau'' historical region stretching across the Swiss border into the cantons of Aargau, Schaffha ...
. Given to Baden. * Around
Meßkirch Meßkirch (; Swabian: ''Mässkirch'') is a town in the district of Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The town was the residence of the counts of Zimmern, widely known through Count Froben Christoph's ''Zimmern Chronicle'' (1559–1 ...
. Cities: Meßkirch. Bordered by:
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was a principality in Southwestern Germany. Its rulers belonged to the senior Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern. The Swabian Hohenzollerns were elevated to princes in 1623. The small sovereign state with the cap ...
, Abbacy of Zwiefalten,
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
Abbacy of Buchau Buchau Abbey, otherwise the Imperial Abbey of Buchau (german: Reichsstift Buchau), was initially a community of canonesses regular, and later a collegiate foundation of secular canonesses, in Buchau (now Bad Buchau) in Baden-Württemberg, Germa ...
, and others. Given to Baden and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. * County of Heiligenberg. Bordered by:
Königsegg Königsegg was a state in the southeastern part of what is now Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It emerged in 1192 as a lordship and was raised to a barony in 1470. It was partitioned in 1622 between itself, Königsegg-Aulendorf and Königsegg-Rot ...
, Abbacy of Weingarten,
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
Lake Constance Lake Constance (german: Bodensee, ) refers to three bodies of water on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps: Upper Lake Constance (''Obersee''), Lower Lake Constance (''Untersee''), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Lak ...
,
Bishopric of Constance The Prince-Bishopric of Constance, (german: Hochstift Konstanz, Fürstbistum Konstanz, Bistum Konstanz) was a small ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from the mid-12th century until its secularisation in 1802–1803. In his d ...
, Abbacy of Salmannsweiler, Imperial City of
Überlingen Überlingen is a German city on the northern shore of Lake Constance (Bodensee) in Baden-Württemberg near the border with Switzerland. After the city of Friedrichshafen, it is the second largest city in the Bodenseekreis (district), and a cent ...
, Imperial City of
Pfullendorf Pfullendorf is a small town of about 13,000 inhabitants located north of Lake Constance in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was a Free Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire for nearly 600 years. The town is in the district of Sigmaringen south of ...
, and others. Given to Baden. The smaller exclaves included the cities of
Trochtelfingen Trochtelfingen is a town in the district of Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 20 km south of Reutlingen Reutlingen (; Swabian: ''Reitlenga'') is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the capital of the epon ...
and
Hayingen Hayingen () is a town in the district of Reutlingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 32 km southeast of Reutlingen. North of Münzdorf are the remains of the hilltop castle Burgweiler. History The first settlement in the ar ...
. As of 1806, Fürstenberg had an area of 2,000 km2 and a population of 100,000. Its capital was
Donaueschingen Donaueschingen (; Low Alemannic: ''Eschinge'') is a German town in the Black Forest in the southwest of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the Schwarzwald-Baar '' Kreis''. It stands near the confluence of the two sources of the river ...
.


Counts of Fürstenberg (1250–1408)

*Henry I, 1250–1284 *Frederick I, 1284–1296 *Henry II, 1296–1337 * Co-rulers: **Conrad III, 1337–1370 **Henry IV, 1337–1366 **John II, 1337–1365 *Henry VI, 1365–1408


Partitions of Fürstenberg

*County of Fürstenberg (1250–1408) **County of Dillingen (1284–1386) **County of
Fürstenberg-Wolfach Fürstenberg-Wolfach was a county in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany during the Middle Ages. It occupied a region surrounding Wolfach. It was created as a partition of the County of Fürstenberg in 1408. With the extinction of its line of the F ...
(1408–1490) **County of
Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg was a territory in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was ruled by the House of Fürstenberg in the Circle of Swabia during the Holy Roman Empire. History The territory cons ...
(1408–1441, 1704–1716), then Principality of
Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg was a territory in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was ruled by the House of Fürstenberg in the Circle of Swabia during the Holy Roman Empire. History The territory cons ...
(1716–1804) ***County of
Fürstenberg-Geisingen Fürstenberg-Geisingen was a county in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany during the Middle Ages. A partition of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg, it was inherited by the Counts of Fürstenberg-Baar Fürstenberg-Baar () was a County of medieval German ...
(1441–1483) ***County of
Fürstenberg-Baar Fürstenberg-Baar () was a County of medieval Germany, located in southern Baden-Württemberg in the territory of Baar. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg in 1441. It inherited the County of Fürstenberg-Geisingen Fürst ...
(1441–1559) ****County of
Fürstenberg-Möhringen Fürstenberg-Möhringen was a County of Fürstenberg. It was a partition of Fürstenberg-Blumberg, and was inherited by the Counts of Fürstenberg-Stühlingen Fürstenberg-Stühlingen was a German county during the Middle Ages. It was located i ...
(1599–1641) ****County of
Fürstenberg-Blumberg Fürstenberg-Blumberg was a County located in Blumberg, southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar Fürstenberg-Baar () was a County of medieval Germany, located in southern Baden-Württemberg in ...
(1559–1614) *****County of
Fürstenberg-Messkirch Fürstenberg-Meßkirch was a county of Fürstenberg centered on the town of Meßkirch. It was a partition of Fürstenberg-Blumberg, was raised to a principality in 1716, and was inherited by the counts of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fü ...
(1614–1716), then Principality of
Fürstenberg-Messkirch Fürstenberg-Meßkirch was a county of Fürstenberg centered on the town of Meßkirch. It was a partition of Fürstenberg-Blumberg, was raised to a principality in 1716, and was inherited by the counts of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Fü ...
(1716–1744) *****County of
Fürstenberg-Stühlingen Fürstenberg-Stühlingen was a German county during the Middle Ages. It was located in the territorial landgraviate of Stühlingen. It emerged as a partition of Fürstenberg-Blumberg in 1614. It was partitioned in 1704 between the sons of Count P ...
(1614–1704) ******County of
Fürstenberg-Weitra Fürstenberg-Weitra was a cadet branch of the princely House of Fürstenberg, originally from Donaueschingen in Swabia, in present-day southwestern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. From 1744 onwards the landgravial line resided at Weitra Castle i ...
(1705–1806) *******County of
Fürstenberg-Taikowitz Fürstenberg-Taikowitz was a cadet branch of the princely House of Fürstenberg, originally from Swabia in present-day Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It emerged in 1759 as a partition of the Austrian Fürstenberg-Weitra line. The landgraves resid ...
(1759–1806) ****County of
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was a county and later a principality in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the historical territory of Heiligenberg. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar in 1559, and it suffered one partition ...
(1559–1664), then Principality of
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was a county and later a principality in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the historical territory of Heiligenberg. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar in 1559, and it suffered one partition ...
(1664–1716) *****County of
Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen was a county of Fürstenberg that was created in 1617 as a partition of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg. It was named after Donaueschingen Donaueschingen (; Low Alemannic: ''Eschinge'') is a German town in the Black Fores ...
(1617–1698) ***Principality of
Fürstenberg-Pürglitz Fürstenberg-Pürglitz was a noble family hailing from southwestern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, which was seated at Křivoklát Castle () in Bohemia. Fürstenberg-Pürglitz emerged as a non-ruling branch of the princely House of Fürstenberg in 1 ...
(1762–1806)


References


External links


Where were the Fürstenberg territories? Map of the German Southwest in 1789
* ''Fürstenberg'' article. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Furstenberg (State) Principalities of the Holy Roman Empire Swabian Circle States and territories established in 1218 Former states and territories of Baden-Württemberg