Gurun Princess Hejing (固倫和靜公主; 10 August 1756 – 9 February 1775), was a Chinese princess of the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

. She was the seventh daughter of the

Emperor Qianlong The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 t ...

with his concubine, Lady Weigiya, later known as Empress Xiaoyichun (Imperial Noble Consort Ling).

Life

Princess Hejing was born on 10 August 1756 in the Hall of 5 Fortunes in Yuanmingyuan, the

Old Summer Palace The Old Summer Palace, also known as Yuanmingyuan () or Yuanmingyuan Park, originally called the Imperial Gardens (), and sometimes called the Winter Palace, was a complex of palaces and gardens in present-day Haidian District, Beijing, China. ...

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

. In 1761, when the

Eight Banners The Eight Banners (in Manchu: ''jakūn gūsa'', ) were administrative and military divisions under the Later Jin and Qing dynasties of China into which all Manchu households were placed. In war, the Eight Banners functioned as armies, but the ...

army captured the Mongolian

Dzungars The Dzungar people (also written as Zunghar; from the Mongolian words , meaning 'left hand') were the many Mongol Oirat tribes who formed and maintained the Dzungar Khanate in the 17th and 18th centuries. Historically they were one of major t ...

, the princess' future spouse,

Lhawang Dorji A Borjigin, ; ; russian: Борджигин, Bordžigin; English plural: Borjigins or Borjigid (from Middle Mongolian);''Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan'', p. 119. Manchu plural: is a member of the Mongol sub-clan, which started with ...

, was chosen as her prince consort (额驸, pinyin: efu) and sent to Beijing. Prince Lawang Dorji was the seventh grandson of

Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to ...

's daughter, Gurun Princess Chunque and Celing, the princess' husband. His father, Chenggunzhabu, participated in military campaigns of the

Qing Empire The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

and held a title of Jasagh.

Marriage

Princess Hejing married Lhawang Dorji in August 1770 at the age of 14 and was bestowed the title "Gurun Princess Hejing". The wedding ceremony took place at the Palace of Brightness and Justice in Yuanmingyuan. According to the imperial tradition, only daughters of the empress could be given a title of first ranking princess (''gurun''). At that time, Imperial Noble Consort Lingyi served as

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with '' de jure'' ("by l ...

empress An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother ( em ...

because she held the highest rank in the imperial

harem Harem ( Persian: حرمسرا ''haramsarā'', ar, حَرِيمٌ ''ḥarīm'', "a sacred inviolable place; harem; female members of the family") refers to domestic spaces that are reserved for the women of the house in a Muslim family. A har ...

. Moreover, Princess Hejing was the Imperial Noble Consort's eldest daughter, and the Emperor wanted to show his friendship with Lhawang Dorji, so he established her as a Princess of the First Rank. Before the marriage, Seventh Princess had temporarily resided in Xichun garden in the outskirts of Beijing because her manor hadn't been completely finished. Her residence used to be the mansion of minister Gao Heng, a brother of

Qianlong Emperor The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 ...

's Imperial Noble Consort Huixian. The princess travelled to

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 millio ...

after the wedding ceremony. In November 1771, she went to Tamir together with a consort of Chenggunzhab. They planned to return in the Spring due to weather conditions in

Khalkha The Khalkha ( Mongolian: mn, Халх, Halh, , zh, 喀爾喀) have been the largest subgroup of Mongol people in modern Mongolia since the 15th century. The Khalkha, together with Chahars, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by Borjigin khans ...

. However, the princess died on 9 February 1775.

Ancestry

In popular culture

*Portrayed by Wang Herun in the 6-episode

Netflix Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a ...

series ''Yanxi Palace: Princess Adventures'' (2019) as primary character, a sequel to

Story of Yanxi Palace ''Story of Yanxi Palace'' () is a Chinese historical series recounting the struggles of a palace maid in the court of the Qianlong Emperor. It was created by Yu Zheng, with original screenplay written by Zhou Mo, and later developed into a novel ...

(2018).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hejing 1756 births 1775 deaths Qing dynasty princesses 18th-century Chinese women 18th-century Chinese people Daughters of emperors People from Beijing