Prince Yi (怡)
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Prince Yi of the First Rank (
Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...
: ; ''hošoi urgun cin wang''), or simply Prince Yi, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the
Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...
-led
Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...
(1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded. The first bearer of the title was Yinxiang (1686–1730), the 13th son of the
Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 165420 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, personal name Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign of 61 ...
. He was awarded the title by his fourth brother, the
Yongzheng Emperor The Yongzheng Emperor (13 December 1678 – 8 October 1735), also known by his temple name Emperor Shizong of Qing, personal name Yinzhen, was the fourth List of emperors of the Qing dynasty, emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the third Qing em ...
, who succeeded their father. The title was passed down over seven generations, with a brief interruption in 1861. Zaiyuan (1816–1861), the sixth Prince Yi, was ousted from power in the Xinyou Coup of 1861 and forced to commit suicide. Three years later, Zaiyuan's cousin, Zaidun (1827–1890), became the seventh Prince Yi. The title was then passed down for another two generations to Yuqi (1900–1948) before it was finally abolished after the fall of the Qing dynasty.


Members of the Prince Yi peerage

* Yinxiang (1686–1730), the
Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 165420 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, personal name Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign of 61 ...
's 13th son, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1722 to 1730, posthumously honoured as Prince Yixian of the First Rank (怡賢親王) ** Hongxiao (弘曉; 1722–1778), Yinxiang's seventh son, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1730 to 1778, posthumously honoured as Prince Yixi of the First Rank (怡僖親王) *** Yonglang (永琅; 1746–1799), Hongxiao's second son, held the title of a third class ''zhenguo jiangjun'' from 1765 to 1779, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1779 to 1799, posthumously honoured as Prince Yigong of the First Rank (怡恭親王) **** Mianbiao (綿標; 1770–1799), Yonglang's second son, held the title of a ''buru bafen fuguo gong'' from 1790 to 1799, posthumously awarded the title Prince Yi of the First Rank in 1800 ***** Yixun (奕勳; 1793–1818), Mianbiao's eldest son, held the title of a third class ''zhenguo jiangjun'' in 1799, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1799 to 1818, posthumously honoured as Prince Yike of the First Rank (怡恪親王) ****** Zaifang (載坊; 1816–1821), Yixun's eldest son, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1819 to 1821, had no male heir ****** Zaiyuan (1816–1861), Yixun's second son, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1825 to 1861, stripped of his title and forced to commit suicide in 1861 ****** Zaiping (載坪), Yixun's third son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1836 to 1841, had no male heir ****** Zaiqi (載圻), Yixun's fourth son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1836 to 1869 ******* Pulun (溥綸), Zaiqi's second son, held the title of a ''fengguo jiangjun'' from 1870 to 1872, had no male heir ****** Zaizeng (載增), Yixun's fifth son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1836 to 1859 ******* Puying (溥瑛), Zaizeng's eldest son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1859 to 1891 ******** Yujun (毓寯), Puying's second son, held the title of a ''feng'en jiangjun'' from 1891 to 1905, had no male heir ****** Zaikun (載堃), Yixun's sixth son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1838 to 1853, had no male heir ****** Zaikan (載堪), Yixun's seventh son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1838 to 1861 ******* Puyi (溥義), Zaikan's eldest son, held the title of a ''fengguo jiangjun'' from 1861 to 1883 ******** Yuxiu (毓秀), Puyi's eldest son, held the title of a ''feng'en jiangjun'' from 1883 to 1887, had no male heir ****** Zaitai (載泰; 1838–1878), Yizeng's second son, held the title of a ''buru bafen fuguo gong'' from 1862 to 1864, promoted to '' feng'en fuguo gong'' in 1864, stripped of his title in 1866 *** Yonghang (永杭), Hongxiao's eldest son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1765 to 1777, had no male heir *** Yongmai (永邁), Hongxiao's eighth son, held the title of a third class ''fuguo jiangjun'' from 1790 to 1799, had no male heir **
Hongjiao Hongjiao (; 17 June 1713 – 9 September 1764) was Qing dynasty imperial prince as the fourth son of Yinxiang, Prince Yi, Yinxiang, Prince Yixian of the First Rank and Kangxi Emperor's grandson. In 1730, he was granted a title of Prince Ning of t ...
(弘晈; 1713–1764), Yinxiang's fourth son, awarded the title Prince Ning of the Second Rank (寧郡王) in 1730, posthumously honoured as Prince Ningliang of the Second Rank (寧良郡王). The Prince Ning peerage became a separate peerage. *** Yongfu (永福; 1753–1782), Hongjiao's second son, held the title of a ''beile'' from 1764 to 1782, posthumously honoured as "Gongke Beile" (恭恪貝勒) in 1782, posthumously promoted to "Prince Yi of the First Rank" in 1864 **** Mianyu (綿譽; 1780–1843), Yongfu's fourth son, held the title of a ''beile'' from 1782 to 1844, posthumously promoted to "Prince Yi of the First Rank" in 1864 **** Yiqu (奕蘧), Mianyu's eldest son, held the title of a second class ''zhenguo jiangjun'' from 1821 to 1839, stripped of his title in 1839 ***** Yige (奕格; 1805–1858), Mianyu's third son, held the title of a ''beizi'' from 1844 to 1858, posthumously promoted to "Prince Yi of the First Rank" in 1864 ****** Zaidun (載敦; 1827–1890), Yige's second son, held the title of a third class ''zhenguo jiangjun'' from 1857 to 1858, promoted to ''feng'en zhenguo gong'' in 1858, inherited the Prince Yi peerage in 1864 and became "Prince Yi of the First Rank", posthumously honoured as Prince Yiduan of the First Rank (怡端親王) ******* Pujing (溥靜; 1849–1900), Zaidun's eldest son, held the title of a ''buru bafen fuguo gong'' from 1868 to 1891, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1891 to 1900, stripped of his title in 1900 ******* Puyao (溥耀), Zaidun's second son, held the title of a second class ''zhenguo jiangjun'' from 1880 to 1900 ******** Yuqi (毓麒; 1900–1948), Puyao's eldest son, held the title Prince Yi of the First Rank from 1902 to 1945 ********* Hengshu (恆樞; 1917–1979), Yuqi's son ********** Qiyun (啟運; b. 1945), Yuqi's grandson ** Hongchang (弘昌; 1706–1771), Yinxiang's eldest son, held the title of a ''beizi'' from 1723 to 1735, promoted to ''beile'' in 1735 but had his title revoked in 1739 ** Hongdun (弘暾; 1711–1728), Yinxiang's third son, posthumously awarded a ''beile'' title in 1728 *** Yongxi (永喜), Hongdun's heir, held a ''beile'' title from 1730 to 1731, had no male heir ** Hongqin (弘昑; 1716–1729), Yinxiang's sixth son, posthumously awarded a ''beile'' title in 1729


Family tree


See also

*
Prince Ning Prince Ning of the Second Rank, or simply Prince Ning, was the title of a Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty, princely peerage used in China during the Manchu people, Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Ning peerage was not ...
*
Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) of China developed a complicated peerage system for royal and noble ranks. Rule of inheritance In principle, titles were downgraded one grade for each generation of inheritance. * Direct imperial princes wit ...


References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Yi, Prince Qing dynasty princely peerages